兰州市行道树树种现状调查

通过对兰州市区道路树种的栽植概况调查,结果表明：目前兰州市区共有行道树树种18种,其分属10科12属,乡土树种占61%,其中刺槐、臭椿、旱柳、白蜡等树种后期病虫害严重,作为行道树将在兰州市区逐渐淘汰。并通过对行道树种的选择,筛选出适宜市区可推广应用的行道树种类有21种,分属13科17属,乡土树种占62%。     

肇庆市珍贵树种发展现状、问题及对策研究

近年来,广东省肇庆市通过多种途径大力发展珍贵树种种植,取得了较好的效果,在全省处于领先地位,但也存在一些问题和不足。文章针对这些问题,从如何强化珍贵树种苗木市场监管、加强珍贵树种科技支撑、完善技术推广服务体系等方面加以分析,并提出相应的对策,以促进肇庆市珍贵树种产业的快速发展。     

融水县珍贵树种发展现状与培育途径

融水县为广西林业大县,山地面积大,森林资源丰富,不乏珍贵物种,发展珍贵树种自然条件优越。文章分析了融水县珍贵树种人工培育利用现状和存在的问题,并提出人工培育发展的途径。     

关于利用“美国竹柳”营造速生林的研究

森林是＂地球之肺＂。贵州林业建设的战略定位是＂长江、珠江上游重要生态安全屏障＂,而发展速生林是实现贵州森林覆盖率达到50%的重要手段。＂美国竹柳＂被称为天下奇柳,具有生长迅速、材质优良等多种特性,是发展贵州林业产业的重要新品种。大力推广以美国竹柳种植为主的＂速生生态林＂,是克服威胁人类生存十大环境问题、寻找新的经济增长点的有效途径之一。     

珠海市横琴岛长隆海洋度假区树种规划

文章以珠海市横琴岛长隆国际海洋度假区项目主题公园为研究对象,通过分析当地及周边区域的气候条件、自然植被、园林树木生长状况,并结合该度假区游览、运营等综合目标,从适地适树的基本原则出发提出了八大主题公园的主要园林树种规划思路及建议选用的65个乔木树种,以供同行参考。     

Deciduous trees affect small-scale floristic diversity and tree regeneration in conifer forests

Abstract

There is a growing interest in the effects of deciduous trees on biodiversity, soil processes and long-term productivity in boreal, conifer-dominated forests. This study investigated whether individual birch trees allowed to grow to maturity in the coniferous forest can have a local effect on floristic richness and regeneration of tree saplings. The ground vegetation was compared in 2?m radius plots around the stem under the canopies of matched conifer–deciduous trees in a mature, conifer-dominated forest, and included in the analysis variables that could potentially mediate the tree effect (soil pH, cover of lichens, bryophytes, leaf and needle litter). The field layer vegetation was more species rich under birch (Betula pendula and B. pubescens) than under conifers (Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris), and several vascular plant species (including saplings of tree species) occurred more often under birch than under conifers. However, when the effect of the number of subordinate trees was taken into account the difference between birch and pine was not significant. The number of tree regenerations (saplings) was lowest under pines, but did not differ between spruce and birch. There were no effects of the canopy species on soil pH or on cover of lichens and bryophytes. The difference in diversity may be caused by the different effects of leaf and needle litter, and it is also likely that canopy structure has an influence via interception and throughfall and by affecting the light and microclimate.     

Testing species of genus Abies for Christmas tree production in Norway

Ten exotic Abies species were tested in two field trials, where the aim was to find suitable species and provenances for Christmas tree production in coastal and fjord areas in Norway. The material included 14 provenances of Abies nordmanniana, 3 provenances of Abies bornmuelleriana, 3 provenances of Abies koreana, 2 provenances of Abies amabilis, and 1 provenance each of Abies equi-trojani, Abies alba, Abies procera, Abies homolepis, Abies nephrolepis, and Abies forrestii. Field trials were established at Gulen in Sogn og Fjordane County and at Verdal in Nord-Trøndelag County. Christmas tree classification was done seven and eight growing seasons after establishment. The Christmas tree yield was higher in Gulen (64%) than in Verdal (45%), which is situated further north. Also, the survival and the height growth were higher in Gulen than in Verdal. A more humid climate and a longer growth season in Gulen may explain some of the differences. Of the 10 species, A. nordmanniana, A. homolepis, and A. bornmuelleriana produced the highest Christmas tree yield at Gulen, while A. homolepis and A. koreana had the highest yield at Verdal. Due to early bud burst, A. equi-trojani and A. bornmuelleriana are only suited for Christmas tree growing in the best climatic areas.     

Low- to moderate-severity historical fires promoted high tree growth in a boreal Scots pine forest of Norway

Abstract

Fire is the most important ecological factor governing boreal forest stand dynamics. In low- to moderate-severity fires, the post-fire growth of the surviving trees varies according to fire frequency, intensity and site factors. Little is known about the growth responses of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) following fires in boreal forests. We quantified changes in tree growth in the years following 61 historical forest fires (between 1210 and 1866) in tree-ring series collected from fire-scarred Scots pine trees, snags and stumps in Trillemarka nature reserve in south-central Norway. Basal area increment 10 years pre-, 5 years post-, and 11–20 years post-fire were calculated for 439 fire scars in 225 wood samples. We found a slight temporary growth reduction 5 years post-fire followed by a marked growth increase 11–20 years post-fire. Beyond 20 years post-fire, the long-term tree growth declined steadily up to approximately 120 years. Our results indicate that recurring fires maintained high tree growth in remnant Scots pines, most probably due to a reduction in tree density and thus decreased competition.     

Timber quality after thinning from above and below in stands of Pinus sylvestris

Timber quality and logging damage after different thinning types in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands were studied in a field experiment in north Sweden. Thinning operations were mechanized and carried out according to normal Swedish practise. The treatments were thinning from below and thinning from above. The quality of the residual stand was evaluated using variables such as diameter of the thickest branch, stem taper, annual ring width, straightness and lean of trees. The only variables showing differences between treatments were lean of tree and stem straightness. No difference in the frequency of trees with logging damage was found. The conclusion of this study is that differences between thinning types in first thinning may be evened out when carried out as in commercial forestry due to extraction of strip road and damaged trees. Consequently, differences in timber quality and logging damage in the residual stand may be small.     

Soil organic matter in European forest floors in relation to stand characteristics and environmental factors

Published data on the quantities of organic matter in the forest floor (SOM_fl) of European forest stands were collated. Studies of SOM_fl were included if the total sampled surface was at least 0.15 m², the surface of a single sample was at least 100 cm², live material was sorted out, and ash or carbon content was determined. Data from 59 forest stands were compared with regard to stand characteristics and environment. Using a single variable, tree genus was most important for the amount of SOM_fl (R ² _adj = 0.34). The amounts in spruce stands (41 × 10³ kg ha^?1) were significantly higher than those in larch, Douglas fir, oak and birch stands (4–11 × 10³ kg ha^?1). The best significant multiple model was genus combined with stand age and basal area (R ² _adj. = 0.72). The importance of litter quantity and quality for differentiating the tree genera is discussed.