试论食品加工专业技能型人才的培养目标与措施

论述了食品加工专业的学科特点和培养目标,指出实现这一目标的措施与手段:在加强专业思想教育的基础上,使学生树立坚定的事业心和使命感;认真组织教学内容,不断提高教师水平,在加强实践教学环节,重视能力培养方面。详细论述了参观教学、实验教学、生产实习、毕业设计等环节在目前食品科技人才培养中的作用,强调了实践环节和能力培养的重要性。     

食品成分微胶囊制备技术及发展趋势展望

微胶囊技术是本世纪的重点高新技术之一,应用非常广泛。借助微胶囊制备技术,将食品成分微胶囊化,不仅可保护其中的功能成分,防止氧化,增加其稳定性,而且可使产品具有较好的分散性、流动性以及较高的生物相容性。对食品成分微胶囊制备技术的研究进行了全面、详细的回顾和评述,并分析指出了微胶囊制备技术今后的发展趋势和前景。     

用厨余食物生物发酵饲料饲养肉鸡试验报告

将餐厅、宾馆、饭店、食堂等厨房加工菜肴的“边角余料”和餐桌的残余食物通过专用加工机械进行灭菌、生物发酵、干燥等工艺流程加工成饲料，作者将本饲料按不同配比添加在15～56日龄肉鸡饲料中，与常规饲料配方饲养进行对比试验。试验结果表明，试验组与对照组在肉鸡生长发育和鸡肉的品质等方面差异不显著，证明本饲料可以替代部分肉鸡浓缩料和玉米面，使厨余食物不但变废为宝，降低了饲养成本，还保护了环境。     

Relationships among condition indices, feeding and growth of walleye in Lake Erie

Abstract  Condition indices are often used as surrogates of fish health, growth, and feeding and to compare ecological well-being among fish populations. In an effort to identify easily measured indices, growth and food consumption were compared with gonadal-somatic index, liver-somatic index (LSI), fat-somatic index and relative weight ( W _r) for ages 1–3 walleye, Sander vitreus (Mitchill), in Lake Erie from 1986 to 1988. The LSI and W _r were significantly correlated with growth rate or food consumption, but correlations were too small to be considered biologically meaningful. Furthermore, no consistent relationships between condition indices and growth or consumption were found among combinations of fish age and season. None of the indices are considered reliable surrogates for more laborious estimates of growth and food consumption for Lake Erie walleye. Significant relationships between W _r and relative abundance of key prey species warrant further investigation.     

刺槐叶蛋白的营养价值评价

在对3种刺槐叶蛋白的氨基酸组成及含量进行分析的基础上,应用模糊识别法和氨基酸比值系数法,对其营养价值进行了全面评价和比较.结果表明:3种刺槐叶蛋白中均含有18种氨基酸,种类齐全,含量也很丰富,属完全蛋白质;其总氨基酸含量为63.97%~96.85%,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的42%~44%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比例为73%~80%,第1限制性氨基酸为色氨酸或含硫氨基酸,符合FAO/WHO提出的理想蛋白质模式;刺槐叶蛋白还含有丰富的呈味氨基酸,占总氨基酸的34%~38%,具有较好的适口性;刺槐叶蛋白的贴近度为0.64~0.89,比较符合婴幼儿及少年食用;刺槐叶蛋白质的营养价值与紫花苜蓿叶蛋白相当,刺槐叶蛋白是一种值得开发利用的优质植物蛋白.     

乡村旅游饮食文化资源开发研究

乡村饮食文化资源包括各类食物及其加工制品和各种饮食礼俗,它有着丰富的类型,并具有满足基本生理需要、显著自然本色和突出地域特色等特征,在乡村旅游中有着重要的地位和开发价值。在进行乡村旅游饮食文化资源的深度开发时,要加强乡村饮食文化挖掘,保持乡村饮食的“自然本味”,突出乡村饮食的文化包装。     

Designing pest-suppressive multistrata perennial crop systems: shade-grown coffee in Central America

During most of its cultivation in Central America, coffee (Coffea arabica L.) suffered few serious pest problems. However, over the past three decades, three factors contributed to significantly increase pest levels and losses: the recent introduction of new pests; more favorable conditions for existing pests, diseases, and weeds due to lower shade levels; and secondary pest problems caused by pesticide use. The strategy of maximizing coffee production with pest control dominated by synthetic pesticides has not only increased yields substantially, but also production costs, pesticide resistance, and both human health and environmental risks. An analysis of the response of the food web in coffee plantations to varying levels of light and humidity associated with different shade levels provides the basis for identifying the optimum shade conditions which minimize the entire pest complex and maximize the effects of beneficial microflora and fauna acting against it. These optimum shade conditions for pest suppression differ with climate, altitude, and soils. The selection of tree species and associations, density and spatial arrangement, as well as shade management regimes are critical decisions for shade strata design. Site-specific knowledge of the seasonal food web dynamics permits growers to determine the appropriate seasonal shade management in order to further suppress pest levels. For example in a low-elevation dry coffee zone, 35 to 65% shade promotes leaf retention in the dry season and reduces Cercospora coffeicola, weeds, and Planococcus citri; at the same time, it increases the effectiveness of microbial and parasitic organisms without contributing to increased Hemileia vastatrix levels or reducing yields. In these conditions, shade should be at a maximum early in the dry season and at a minimum by the middle of the rainy season. Further research is needed on: the effects of individual tree species on the food web; the role of canopy architecture for coffee vigor, photosynthesis, leaf drying, pest susceptibility, and pruning regimes; and on simple observation methods and decision criteria for farmer management of tree-coffee-food web interactions. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

卷丹保健饮料的研制

根据卷丹富含淀粉、蛋白质的特点 ,以干片及制淀粉所得的清汁为原料 ,进行了保健饮料的加工工艺研究 .结果表明 :采用 0 .0 2 %的黄原胶、0 .1%的 CMC—Na和 0 .1%的海藻酸钠作为稳定剂 ,使卷丹奶有较好的稳定性 ;卷丹奶饮料最佳配方为 :1∶ 9的卷丹与水混合 ,6%的白砂糖 ,4%的脱脂乳 ,0 .1%的柠檬酸 .清汁饮料的最佳配方为 :6%的白砂糖 ,0 .1%的柠檬酸     

壳聚糖在荔枝果酒澄清中的应用研究

研究了壳聚糖对荔枝果酒的澄清作用,比较了荔枝果酒用壳聚糖处理前后的主要成分的变化.结果表明,经壳聚糖处理后可溶性固形物、酚类物质、可溶性蛋白质、果胶、酒精度、色度等均有不同程度的下降,透光率提高.当壳聚糖用量为0.6 g.L-1时对荔枝果酒的澄清效果最好,且具有很好的生物稳定性,说明壳聚糖是一种有效的荔枝果酒澄清剂.     

宜君县有机产业可持续发展研究

以目前国内外有机食品的发展趋势的综合分析为基础,全面地剖析宜君县发展有机食品的优势,并结合国内有机食品产业发展的经验,提出了发展宜君有机食品产业的整体思路。以可持续发展思想为指导,探讨宜君县发展有机食品产业的对策。