施用有机肥和有效微生物群对玉米叶片持水力的影响

A red soil derived from Quaternary red clay was employed to study nutrient leaching with woil columns repacked in laboratory,The objective was to identify the effects of fertilization practices on leaching patterns and magnitudes of Ca^2 ,Mg^2 ,K^ ,NH4^ ,and NO3^-,The treatments were CK (as a control),CaCO3, CaSO4,MgCO3,Ca(H2PO4)2,urea,KCl,and multiple (a mixture of the above-mentioned fertilizers),The fertilizers were added to the bare surface of the soil columns,and then the columns were leached with 120 mL deionized water daily through peristaltic pumps over a period of 92 days.Leaching processes of NH4^ ,and NO3^- wer e only measured in CK,ured,and multiple treatments which were directly related to N leaching, Results showed that sole application of CaSO4,and Ca(H2PO4)2 scarcely hd any effect on the leching losses of Ca^2 ,Mg^2 ,and K^ ; the application of MgCO3 sthimulated the leaching of Mg^2 ;the application of CaCO3 promoted the leaching of Ca^2 ,Mg^2 and K^ ; urea treatment also promoted the leaching of K^ and NH4^ ,and NO3^- leaching mainly occurred at late stage of leaching process in particular;under KCl treatment,leaching of Ca^2 ,Mg^2 ,and K^ was promoted to a large extent;under multiple treatment, leaching of Ca^2 ,Mg^2 ,K^ ,NH4^ ,and NO3^- was all increased and NO3^- was mainly leached at the end of leaching process and still had a trend of increase.     

螺旋滚筒在粘土上推进力的研究

对粘性土壤进行了粘弹塑性分析和加载试验,建立了粘土的力学模型.编制出了螺旋滚筒在粘土上推进力的计算程序,在试验室条件下对螺旋滚筒产生的推进力进行了实测,计算值与实测值对照,两者比较一致.     

改性粘土对天然橡胶／粘土复合材料抗氧老化性能的影响

采用高分子包复剂、硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂，并结合使用氧剂对粘土进行改性处理，制备相应的粘土胶进行热氧老化、光氧老化及臭氧老化性能测试。结果表明，高分子包复剂、抗氧剂及偶联剂产生协同作用；大大提高了粘土胶抗热氧老化及光氧老化性能，而新型胺类防老剂与钛酸酯偶联剂共同使用，可使粘土胶抗臭氧老化性能提高50%。     

2BMFS-5-/10型免耕播种机存在问题及改进探讨

<正> 使用2BMFS-5/10型免耕覆盖施肥播种机,可在直立的玉米秸秆地或秸秆还田地中直接播种小麦,一次完成碎秆、灭茬、施肥、播种、镇压等项作业,减少了作业工序及拖拉机进地次数.作业成本明显降低。小麦免耕播种后地表虽不如原来精耕细作的     

硅酸盐粘土矿物在环境污染物治理中的应用

介绍了蒙脱石、凹凸棒石、高岭土等硅酸盐粘土矿物的结构和性质,并对其在水处理、气体净化及土壤修复等环境污染治理中的研究及应用情况进行了详细地综述.     

桂林红粘土与云南红粘土的比较研究

根据国内的文献资料,通过对桂林与云南两地红粘土的物质组成、物理力学性质进行比较后,得出云南红粘土风化程度比桂林红粘土高,粘土矿物的主要成分有较大不同,虽然都有看似不好的物理性质但却都拥有良好的工程特性的结论。     

铵的矿物固定与水稻吸收

用采自江苏省主要水稻土种和少数南方省份的水稻土１５个。盆栽试验表明：（１）淹水条件下土壤矿物对施入的肥料铵以及土氮矿化铵具有一定的固定能力，但不同土壤之间差异很大，其固定量受矿物组成、粘粒含量、石灰性反应等因素影响；（２）大部分被铵大多数土壤上可以重新释放出来被水稻吸收，但能否全部重新释放则与粘土矿物组成有关。被蛭石固定的难以释放，而被水云母，蒙脱石固定的释放；（３）被固定铵的释放高与水稻吸氮高峰     

我国变性土粘土矿物组成和土壤系统分类

对淮北变性土和长江下游变性型新成土的粘土矿物半定量研究表明,变性土胶粒和粘拉以蒙皂石占优势,粘料中蒙皂石占41.1％～56.5％,次为水化云母、高岭石。新成土胶拉以蒙皂石为多,粘粒则以水化云母为主,占43.6％～51.0％,次为高岭石,尚存蒙皂石及混层矿物。二地区土壤粘拉中含蛭石,但均未发现绿泥石。粉砂中矿物类型甚多,但几无蒙皂石。作者认为大量膨胀性粘土矿物存在,是土壤产生变性诊断特征的物质基础,因而是变性土鉴定主要依据之一。文中对上述土壤作了土属的系统分类和命名。     

粘土矿物及其性质对土壤持水性能的影响

研究了粘土矿物地土壤持水性能的影响,结果表明,在有铲水范围内（３０－１５００ｋＰａ）,土壤持水量与高岭石、１４Ａ过渡矿物相对含是呈显著的负相关,与水云母、无定形铁 相对含量呈显著的正相关,与粘土矿物性质的阳离子交换量（ＣＥＣ）和比表面呈显著的正相关。