IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIPLE VASCULAR ANOMALIES IN A SENIOR DOG WITH LATE‐ONSET REGURGITATION

A 10‐year‐old dog weighing 3.4 kg presented with intermittent regurgitation. Esophagography revealed that the thoracic esophagus was compressed dorsally at the region of the fourth intercostal space and segmentally dilated from the second to third intercostal region. Three‐dimensional computed tomographic (CT) angiography confirmed a suspected vascular ring anomaly and also revealed multiple other vascular anomalies. These included aberrant right subclavian artery, absence of bilateral external jugular veins, right‐gastric caval shunt, and a completely duplicated caudal vena cava. Findings supported the use of thoracic CT angiography to rule out additional vascular malformations in dogs with suspected vascular ring anomaly.     

三种干旱指标在泾惠渠灌区的适用性分析

为了正确评价灌区的干旱状况,利用泾惠渠灌溉试验站1953—2011年的降水资料,分析了降水距平百分率、标准化降水指数SPI、降水Z指数三种干旱指标在灌区的适用性。结果表明,三种指标均能较好地体现降水的年际变化趋势,但SPI对于降水变化的反映比降水Z指数和降水距平百分率更准确。在干旱出现年份的判定方面,三种指标得到的结果一致;在干旱程度的判定上,在发生中旱及以上干旱的1969、1986、1993、2000年,SPI和降水Z指数比降水距平百分率判定准确,在发生重旱的1977、2000年,SPI的判定比Z指数更符合实际。分析泾惠渠灌区SPI变化趋势发现,灌区在1990年后干旱发生次数占研究期内总干旱次数的55.6%,干旱程度也有增加的趋势,采取合理措施抗旱将成为灌区未来发展的关键。     

Hybrid cutting balloon dilatation for treatment of cor triatriatum sinister in a cat

A hybrid surgical approach and balloon dilatation were performed successfully in a cat with cor triatriatum sinister and clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Left lateral thoracotomy was used to access the heart and cutting balloon followed by standard balloon dilatation were utilized to dilate the perforation in the anomalous left atrial membrane. Clinical signs resolved completely after dilation of the anomalous left atrial membrane. Based upon the outcome of this case, balloon dilatation appears to be a viable treatment option for cats affected with cor triatriatum sinister.     

Pelger-Huët anomaly in an Arabian horse

Abstract Abstract: A 9‐year‐old Arabian mare was evaluated for a 7‐day history of malaise. Results of a CBC included a leukocyte concentration within the reference interval (8.4 × 10³/μL, reference interval 6.0–14.0 × 10³/μL) with an apparent degenerative left shift (segmented neutrophils 1.2 × 10³/μL, reference interval 2.5–7.5 × 10³/μL; hyposegmented neutrophils 1.8 × 10³/μL, reference interval 0.0–0.2 × 10³/μL). Serum clinical chemistry results included increased aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma‐glutamyltransferase activities. A presumptive diagnosis of hepatitis or cholangiohepatitis was made. The horse was treated with antimicrobials and the malaise quickly resolved. However, in a recheck CBC on day 13, the apparent degenerative left shift remained. Further evaluation of the blood smear revealed many hyposegmented granulocytes with coarse mature chromatin and normal cytoplasmic features. On the basis of the microscopic examination, the horse was diagnosed with Pelger‐Huët anomaly. The patient's offspring was subsequently also diagnosed with Pelger‐Huët anomaly on the basis of blood film examination. Neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil mean nuclear scores in both affected horses (mare, range 1.5–2.6; offspring, range 1.6–3.2) were lower than those in 2 unrelated Arabian horses (range, 2.8–5.0) and 5 non‐Arabian control horses (range, 2.8–5.0). Results of immunophenotyping and phagocytosis/oxidative burst assays via flow cytometry showed no difference in the expression of myeloid–specific or adhesion molecules or in neutrophil function between affected and control horses. This is the second known report of equine Pelger‐Huët anomaly, both of which affected Arabian horses.     

Minimally invasive per-catheter patent ductus arteriosus occlusion in dogs using a prototype duct occluder

BACKGROUND: Per-catheter patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occlusion in dogs with devices intended for humans is associated with technical difficulties, high rates of procedure abandonment, device migration, and residual ductal flow. HYPOTHESIS: Use of a custom-made canine duct occluder (Amplatz Canine Duct Occluder, ACDO) would be feasible in dogs of varying weights and somatotypes and effective in occluding a wide range of PDA shapes and sizes. ANIMALS: Eighteen client-owned dogs of various breeds with PDA. Weights ranged from 3.8 to 32.3 kg (median, 17.8 kg), and angiographic minimal ductal diameters ranged from 1.1 to 6.9 mm (median, 3.7 mm). Ductal morphologies included types IIA, IIB, and III. METHODS: Per-catheter PDA occlusion with the ACDO was performed in all dogs. Persistent or recurrent ductal flow was assessed at the end of the procedure by angiography and at 1 day, 3 months, and >or=12 months after the procedure by echocardiography. RESULTS: Successful ACDO placement was achieved in all 18 dogs. One dog required a 2nd procedure with a larger ACDO after the 1st device migrated to the pulmonary vasculature. Complete occlusion was confirmed in 17 of 18 dogs during the procedure, as well as at 1 day and 3 months after the procedure, and in 12 of 13 dogs evaluated at >or=12 months after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Per-catheter PDA occlusion in dogs with the ACDO is feasible and effective in dogs of a wide range of weights and somatotypes and with PDAs of varying shapes and sizes.     

Unilateral persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis and persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous in a rabbit

A 3‐month wild rabbit was presented for examination of ocular opacities in the left eye. A complete bilateral ocular examination including slit‐lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, and ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed. Biomicroscopy of the lens of the left eye showed a retrolental fibrovascular membrane causing leukocoria. The opacity prevented biomicroscopy of the vitreous and funduscopy OS. No other disorder was present in either eye. Ultrasound examination did not show any difference between the right and left eye. Histopathological examination showed a 50‐μm thick, preretinal, retrolental, nonpigmented, fibrovascular tissue. Posterior synechiae were present, but no other lesion of the posterior segment was found in this eye. These ocular abnormalities are consistent with a persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis and persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL/PHPV), similar to those described in other species.     

Bilateral Polydactyly in a foal

The following case report describes the diagnosis and surgery of bilateral polydactyly of unknown origin in a colt. A 7-month-old Berber colt was referred for cosmetic and curative excision of supernumerary digits. Radiographic examination revealed bilateral polydactyly and well-developed first carpal bones. Surgery consisted of an osteotomy of both second metacarpal bones combined with an amputation of the supernumerary digits. The follow-up at 18 months after surgery revealed a sound horse with an excellent cosmetic outcome.     

Anomalous insertion of the splenius muscle in a dog

The splenius muscle in the dog is a triangular muscle extending from the third thoracic vertebra to the skull. It inserts on the nuchal line of the occipital bone and the mastoid part of the temporal bone and occasionally it also sends a strong serration to the transverse process of the axis. Here we describe a new, anomalous insertion of both the left and right splenius muscles in one young adult dog routinely prepared for anatomical dissection. In this dog, a group of muscle fibres diverged ventrolaterally from both the right and left splenial muscles to be inserted at the end of the transverse processes of the third cervical vertebra. This anomalous insertion of the splenius muscle corresponds to the splenius cervicis muscle present in other species.     

黑龙江省近50年日照时数变化特征分析

为使黑龙江省气象资源更好地为农业服务,利用黑龙江省71个台站1961~2010年日照时数统计资料,采用线性倾向估计法与累计距平法分析黑龙江省日照时数的年、季和月变化特征.结果表明:近50年来黑龙江省年日照时数呈显著减少趋势,平均每10年减少26.7 h ;20世纪60年代年平均日照时数最多,90年代最少;年日照时数最多为1967年,最少为2003年;四季日照时数均呈减少趋势,春季最为明显,其次为冬季、夏季,秋季最不明显;除8月、9月外,各月日照时数均呈减少趋势,其中6月最为明显;日照时数变化趋势转折时间大致出现在20世纪80年代初期.     

多色空间相干光经环形光阑衍射后的近场研究

研究了多色空间完全相干光经过环形光阑衍射后在近场出现的光谱变化,并给出了详细的数值计算结果和具体实例.结果表明,在近场强度为零的奇点附近也同远场一样发生了光谱显著的变化,即奇点一侧光谱发生红移,奇点另一侧光谱发生蓝移,而在奇点处则发生了红移和蓝移之间快速的转变.研究表明,中心拦截比的变化对近场的这种光谱变化有很大的影响,并随着中心拦截比的增大,近场逐渐过渡到远场.