白菜型油菜DFR基因的克隆与序列分析

By using RACE (rapid amplification ofcDNA ends) based homologous cloning strategy, we have successfully isolated the genomic and full-length cDNA sequences of a gene encoding typical DFR (dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) from black-seeded Brassica campestris L. var. oleifera DC.. The gene, designated BcDFR here, is 1 722bp in length and harbors 5 introns with typical splice sites of plant DFR genes. BcDFR cDNA is 1311bp in length with a 1 158bp ORF as well as a 25bp 5‘ UTR and a 128bp 3‘ UTR. The encoded BcDFR protein is 385 aa with a calculated Mw of 42.85kD and a pI value of 5.55. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of this gene share extensive homologies to plant DFR genes of wide origins especially high similarities to Cruciferous DFR genes. Sequence analyses such as phylogenetic analysis, conserved domain search and substrate specificity region detection all indicated that BcDFR gene is a quite potentially biofunctional gene. Its cloning enables us to further dissect the possible relatedness between DFR gene and Brassica seed coat color traits and to create transgenic novel yellow-seeded rapeseed germplasm through antisense- or RNAi-suppression of DFR gene expression in black-seeded elite cultivars.     

Work-hardening Mechanism of Non-magnetic High Manganese ZG25Mn18Cr4 Castings

The important character of non-magnetic high manganese ZG25 Mn18Cr4 alloy is rapid work-hardening under external stress. With X-ray diffraction and TEM analysis, it is proved that the microstructures of both undeformed and deformed matrixes are austenite and carbide with some striation structure in the matrixes, the amount of stripes in the deformed matrix is obviously more than that in the undeformed matrix. Electronic diffraction analysis confirmed that the stripes in coarse austenite grains are high density lamination fault sheets. A great deal of lamination fault sheets produced by plastic deformation divides up austenite matrix, shortens the free distance of dislocation movement and results in the rapid work-hardening of ZG25Mn18Cr4 alloy.     

锌元素对籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织绿苗分化率的影响

本实验就锌元素对籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织绿苗分化率的影响进行了研究，结果指出：(1)锌元素能明显提高籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织绿苗分化频率，且使用浓度范围较广(0.5～10μmol/L)，其中以锌浓度1μmol/L效果较好；(2)在本实验范围内各籼稻品种对锌元素的反应是一致的，但品种间差异很大，其中中早14绿苗分化率较高；(3)锌脉冲试验指     

Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢摩擦副复配添加剂协同效应

对Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副在油性剂T406与极压抗磨剂P120复配作用下的摩擦磨损性质进行了对比试验研究.采用SSX-550型扫描电子显微镜观察试件的磨损表面形貌,并用能量散射谱仪进行了磨损表面的化学元素分析.结果表明,T406与P120复配对该摩擦副有较明显的减磨抗磨协同作用,最佳复配比例为1.0%T406＋2.0%P120.能谱分析结果表明,T406与P120复配时,产生的协同作用主要是在GCr15钢摩擦表面形成的化学反应膜,Si3N4陶瓷/GCr15钢副的磨损形式主要为磨料磨损和化学腐蚀磨损.     

基于拉格朗日的冗余驱动并联机构刚体动力学建模

针对4-UPS-RPU 4自由度冗余驱动并联机构的刚体动力学建模问题,基于拉格朗日方程建立冗余驱动并联机构动力学模型。首先,推导出4-UPS-RPU冗余驱动并联机构系统的动能表达式、势能表达式和作用于并联机构非保守力的等效广义力;然后,应用拉格朗日法建立4-UPS-RPU冗余驱动并联机构的动力学模型,为并联机构驱动力的求解以及整个机构的动力学分析奠定基础;最后结合算例,采用Matlab编程对动力学模型进行数值计算并绘制了机构驱动杆驱动力变化曲线,将上述分析结果与ADAMS虚拟仿真结果对比验证了所建动力学模型的正确性。研究不仅为4-UPS-RPU 4自由度冗余驱动并联机构动力学优化设计和控制等后续研究提供了理论依据,也为其他冗余驱动并联机构的动力学建模提供了可行的方法。     

基于投入产出模型的MICK-4FI模式研究

波特竞争战略侧重从外部行业环境角度解释企业运营问题,但是实证分析结果证明资源对企业发展影响重大。针对目前尚无具体模式研究企业如何立足现有资源进行发展问题,本文基于资源基础论,将企业资源具体分为物质、信息、资金和知识资源(MICK),提出了MICK-4FI(四流集成)资源运营模式,借助投入产出模型构建MICK-4FI模式分析框架。文中利用聚焦和杠杆作用定性地解释了企业培育或者集成资源,即企业获取资源形成竞争优势的机理。本模式将资源基础论应用到企业实践层次,解决了企业通过集成运营内外部资源以求快速发展的路径依赖问题。资源运营理论从微观资源角度分析企业经营,与波特从宏观行业分析的理论共同构成一套系统的企业运营理论体系。     

热研4号王草干燥特性的试验研究

在将热研4号王草调制成青贮饲料或干草的加工中,干燥是一个关键性环节,也是发展热研4号王草产业的瓶颈问题。为此,采用快速薄层干燥的试验方法,研究热研4号王草的含水量与干燥时间、干燥介质温度两者之间的关系,并分析影响其营养成分的因素。结果表明:热研4号王草的干燥最佳介质温度为150°～180℃,鲜草刈割后必须在24h内进行快速干燥。     

Mechanism of Fuzilizhong decoction alleviating inflammatory damage of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM To observe the effect of Fuzilizhong decoction on the inflammatory damage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） rats and to explore its mechanism. METHODS SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： control group, model group, high dose （20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, middle dose （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, low dose （5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） Fuzilizhong decoction group and Yishanfu （30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）group, 8 rats in each group. A NAFLD rat modelwas established by intragastric administration of fat emulsion for 4 weeks. Then the drug was given for 4 weeks in each treatment group. HE staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes of the rat liver.The serum levels of interleukin-2（IL-2）, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were measured by ELISA. The expression of toll like receptor 4（TLR4） and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western bolt,respectively. RESULTS Compared with control group, the inflammatory damage of liver tissue was more serious, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly increased in model group（P<0.05）. However, compared with model group, the liver pathological changes in each treatment group were significantly relieved, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly reduced（P<0.05）.In addition, the changes of TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels in liver tissue were consistent with the changes of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 mRNA. CONCLUSION Fuzilizhong decoction attenuates the inflammatory damages of NAFLD in rats by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.     

Correlation between progression of atherosclerosis accelerated by emotional stimulation and imbalance of SDF-1/CXCR4 in mice

AIM To observe effects of emotional stimulation on expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1（SDF-1） and CXC chemokine receptor 4 （CXCR4） in plasma, platelets, aortas, hippocampus and bone marrow of apolipoprotein E gene knockout （ApoE^-/-） mice, and to reveal the possible mechanism of the aggravated atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by emotional stimulation. METHODS Thirty 8-week-old male ApoE^-/- mice were randomly divided into normal control group, high fat group, and emotional stimulation group. Ten 8-week-old inbred C57BL/6J mice served as blank control group. After 12 weeks of intervention, the serum levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 were investigated by ELISA. The protein levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in platelets, aortas, hippocampus and bone marrow were determined by Western blot. The pathological damage of aortas was observed by oil red O staining. RESULTS Compared with blank control group, normal control group and high fat group, the mice subjected to emotional stimulation showed more serious atherosclerosis in aortas detected by oil red O staining, and increased levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in the plasma and aortas were also observed （P<0.05）. The results of Western blot showed that the protein levels of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in platelets, aortas and hippocampus were increased in the mice subjected emotional stimulation, but the expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in the bone marrow was decreased （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Imbalance of SDF-1/CXCR4 may be the key target by which emotional stimulation accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis.     

芥蓝二氢黄酮醇4–还原酶基因BoaDFR的克隆与功能鉴定

以白花芥蓝‘四季粗条’为材料克隆了Boa DFR基因,Gen Bank登录号为MT472647,CDS序列长为1158 bp,编码385个氨基酸,与甘蓝型油菜、甘蓝和白菜等具有高度同源性。Boa DFR表达水平在芥蓝不同发育时期、不同器官中存在显著差异,随植株发育总体呈现先下降后上升的趋势,在幼嫩种子中表达量最高。芥蓝原生质体的亚细胞定位结果显示Boa DFR定位在细胞核上。构建了农杆菌介导的芥蓝瞬时过表达体系,将Boa DFR转入白花芥蓝‘四季粗条’和黄花芥蓝‘福州黄花’中,发现Boa DFR在两种芥蓝中均高水平表达,转基因植株叶片颜色明显变紫,花青素苷显著积累,总含量最高达461.43μg·g-1 FW,而野生型和转空载体芥蓝叶片中几乎检测不到花青素苷。通过HPLC在转基因植株叶片中共检测到8种花青素苷,均为矢车菊花青素苷,其中矢车菊–3–阿魏酰–丙二酰–槐糖苷–5–葡萄糖苷占比最高。