草坪坪床对土壤的要求

通过对土壤理化性质及其生物组成的分析 ,对草坪坪床土壤提出了要求 ,并且提出了改良措施     

用天堂草419建造足球场草坪的评价与栽培技术研究

通过5种草坪草的对比实验,认为天堂草419(Cynodon dactylon×C.transuaalensis的一个品种)最适于建造足球场草坪。具有近于常绿、生长较快、匍匐矮生、根深及耐践踏等综合优良性状。在养护管理的实践中确立了一套栽培管理技术措施。     

我国西北、西南地区牧草种子质量及其影响因素分析

１９９３和１９９４年，对我国西北、西南７省（区）主要生产、经销的１１种１１０个种批的牧草和草坪草种子进行了现场扦样、质量检验和质量定级，并对影响种子质量的因素进行了调查与分析。结果表明：被检种的平均合格率为７１．４％，其一、二、三级及不合格种子分别占３６．０％、１２．７％、２２．７％和２８．６％。种批的质量以进口坪用草地早熟禾、多年生黑麦草和国产苇状羊茅（坪用）和老芒麦质量最好，种批平均质量均达一级；其次为国产多年生黑麦草（坪用）和毛苕子，虽然各含三级和／或二级种子，但合格率为１００％。其它被检种质量较低，尤其是紫花苜蓿（１９９３年检）、沙打旺（１９９４年检）、苏丹草和红豆草，不合格种批率分别为６０％、７０％、８０％和１００％。种子质量低的主要表现为多数种杂质含量高和杂草种子严重超标，部分种发芽率低以及个别种水分含量过高。影响种子质量的主要因素为（１）种子生产不规范，技术落后；（２）生产和经营者缺乏必备的种子收获、清选机具以及种子收后质量管理知识；（３）种子经营混乱，信息不畅，产销脱节等。就如何尽快提高我国牧草种子质量以及加强种子质量管理等问题提出了建议。     

Responses of nematode‐community structure in turfgrass soil to microbial filtrates from municipal–solid waste compost

Actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from municipal–solid waste (MSW) compost, and different microbial liquid filtrates (MLF) were prepared. Sterile culture media with no microbes were used as their controls. The effects of MLF on soil nematode communities were examined in pot‐grown Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Fifteen genera of nematodes in background soil were identified, of which Helicotylenchus and Rotylenchus were dominant. The inoculation of MLF strongly affected the abundance and community structure of soil nematodes. Compared with their controls, lower total nematode numbers following MLF incorporation were found. Actinomycetes inoculation changed community structure of soil nematodes, transforming the dominant genera from Helicotylenchus and Rotylenchus into Cephalobus, Chiloplacus, and Aphelenchus. Actinomycetes incorporation resulted in a significant decrease of plant‐parasitic nematodes relative to control pots. Only plant‐parasitic and omnivorous‐predatory nematodes were found in treatments following B. subtilis inoculation, and Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchus were dominant genera with relative abundance of 76.2% and 14.3%, respectively. Although the dominant genera were still Helicotylenchus and Rotylenchus, B. thuringiensis inoculation led to a marked decrease in populations of plant‐parasitic nematodes and an increase in populations of fungivorous and bacterivorous nematodes relative to control. Shannon's diversity index (H′), evenness index (J′), richness index (SR), and Wasilewska index (WI) in pots treated with actinomycetes and B. thuringiensis filtrates were significantly higher than those of their controls, whereas significant lower dominance index (λ) in actinomycetes and B. thuringiensis treatments was observed than their controls. Plant growth was improved in the treatments inoculated with three microbes. The findings highlight that actinomycetes can most effectively suppress plant‐parasitic nematodes, increase community diversity, evenness, and richness, thus improving soil environment for turf growth.     

草坪生态系统中碳汇与碳源的研究进展

本文综述了国内外关于草坪生态系统中碳汇与碳源的相关研究以及各种自然环境因子和人为管理措施对草坪生态系统中碳汇与碳源影响的研究进展,并指出目前研究存在的问题和需要改进的方面,从而为今后的相关研究提供参考。     

草坪草外源功能基因转化研究进展

草坪草的转基因技术已经有了很大的发展,目前已经在多种草坪草上转入了抗除草剂、抗病虫、抗旱抗盐、抗寒抗热和延长绿期以及抗重金属等外源的功能基因,获得了抗逆性提高的转基因植株。综合分析认为,在抗逆机理研究的基础上选择更关键的抗逆基因进行遗传转化、转化草坪草矮化和养分高效吸收的基因、转基因技术与传统育种方法相结合以及转基因草坪草的安全性评价是将来需要重点展开的研究工作。     

草坪草分蘖特征及调控机理研究进展

分蘖是草坪草的重要特征之一,直接影响草坪草的耐践踏性及坪用价值。从草坪草分蘖类型、形成过程及分蘖形态特征等方面阐述了草坪草的分蘖特征,并从生长素、细胞分裂素等内源激素及碳水化合物,氮素等营养物质的类型和含量分析探讨了影响草坪草分蘖的调控机理。以期为草坪草分蘖调控机制的进一步研究及针对性地提出养护对策提供参考。     

山西省临汾地区草坪草与牧草引种评价

1998—1999年,在临汾地区引入7个草坪草品种和6个牧草品种进行栽培、评价。草坪草品种中。草地早熟禾适宜在该地区种植,尤其是BarVB5649。牧草品种中。多花黑麦草生长快。产量高,但不耐旱、不抗寒,大田推广有困难。苜蓿抗寒耐旱。3个供试品种Baraffa54,Sanditi和Sitel均适宜大面积种植。     

冷季型草坪草混播配方优化组合筛选研究

在贵州气候条件下,通过对草地早熟禾、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草3种冷季型草坪草不同品种的19种混播配方进行了适应性和成坪品质的详细观察测定,筛选出了适应当地气候条件下的优化组合配方3种。     

岩棉作为草坪草育苗基质的坪床性能初探

对岩棉作为草坪草生长基质的可能性进行了初步研究,发现草坪草在岩棉上能够生长良好,较低密度的岩棉更为合适;应用岩棉田问建植草坪应解决好种子、岩棉、土壤三者相互固定的问题;岩棉本身并不具有很强的保水性能,但作为播种覆盖材料时,由于它是横向纤维压制而成,切断了土壤毛管作用,减少水分蒸发,表现出非常强的节水作用。