镉对小麦幼苗的生长和生理生化反应的影响

镉对小麦幼苗和根系生长有抑制作用,尤以对根系的抑制更为显著,但镉浓度为5ppm时,有刺激生长的作用.幼苗的脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白质含量随镉浓度的增加而增加,尤其在高浓度镉下脯氨酸含量剧增,电解质外渗率也明显增大.镉使胚乳中的α-淀粉酶活性降低,这种效应随镉浓度增高而加强,随幼苗的生长却趋于减弱.镉诱导根的正、负极向过氧化物酶同工酶产生新谱带,并使原有的一些谱带活性增强.上述结果显示出镉使小麦幼苗的细胞结构和功能受到损害,而小麦幼苗对镉害也表现出一定的适应性保护反应.     

东北地区小麦赤霉病镰孢菌种群及其致病性测定

为了明确东北地区小麦赤霉病镰孢菌的种群组成及分布,分别从辽宁省沈阳市、黑龙江省哈尔滨市和密山市、内蒙古自治区扎兰屯市、呼伦贝尔市和通辽市等地区采集小麦赤霉病病样,经单孢分离纯化共得到118株镰孢菌,传统形态学鉴定的基础上,采用基因组DNA的EF-1α序列分析技术进行了镰孢菌种类的辅助鉴定,确定属于7个种:禾谷镰孢菌为优势种,分离频率为64.41%,藤仓镰孢菌为次优势种,分离频率为18.64%;燕麦镰孢菌、尖孢镰孢菌、木贼镰孢菌、锐顶镰孢菌和轮枝镰孢菌的分离频率分别为5.08%,3.39%,3.39%,3.39%,1.70%。同时,在玉米成株期进行了致病性测定,结果表明,小麦赤霉病镰孢菌可以侵染玉米,较玉米茎腐镰孢菌的致病力低。     

Cmponent Study on Flavonoids From Leaves of Dendrocalamus Latiflorus

从麻竹（Dendrocalamus latiflorus）叶中分离得到四个黄酮类化合物。经性质和光谱（UV,IR,MS,1HNMR,13CNMR等）法鉴定其结构,分别为牡荆苷（?）,芦丁（II）,山奈酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷（III）,山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基(1-2)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（IV）。四种化合物均为首次从该植物中得到。     

Three new water-soluble alkaloids from the leaves of Suregada glomerulata (Blume) Baill

Three new water-soluble alkaloids (1-3) together with twelve known compounds (4-15) have been isolated from the water extract of leaves of Suregada glomerulata. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical method. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and HIV-1 replication. However, no significant activities were found.     

Enhancing the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) approach for estimating landscape ET: Validation with the METRIC model

Evapotranspiration (ET) can be derived from satellite data using surface energy balance principles. METRIC (Mapping EvapoTranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration) is one of the most widely used models available in the literature to estimate ET from satellite imagery. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model is much easier and less expensive to implement. The main purpose of this research was to present an enhanced version of the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model and to evaluate its performance using the established METRIC model. In this study, SSEB and METRIC ET fractions were compared using 7 Landsat images acquired for south central Idaho during the 2003 growing season. The enhanced SSEB model compared well with the METRIC model output exhibiting an r² improvement from 0.83 to 0.90 in less complex topography (elevation less than 2000 m) and with an improvement of r² from 0.27 to 0.38 in more complex (mountain) areas with elevation greater than 2000 m. Independent evaluation showed that both models exhibited higher variation in complex topographic regions, although more with SSEB than with METRIC. The higher ET fraction variation in the complex mountainous regions highlighted the difficulty of capturing the radiation and heat transfer physics on steep slopes having variable aspect with the simple index model, and the need to conduct more research. However, the temporal consistency of the results suggests that the SSEB model can be used on a wide range of elevation (more successfully up 2000 m) to detect anomalies in space and time for water resources management and monitoring such as for drought early warning systems in data scarce regions. SSEB has a potential for operational agro-hydrologic applications to estimate ET with inputs of surface temperature, NDVI, DEM and reference ET.     

野生二粒小麦α-淀粉酶抑制因子编码基因序列分析

对3份野生二粒小麦(Triticum dicoccoides)材料的抗虫24 kDaα-淀粉酶抑制因子编码基因进行分离克隆,得到72个24 kDaα-淀粉酶抑制因子基因,并进行序列分析。结果发现,α-淀粉酶抑制因子在野生二粒小麦中以多拷贝形式存在,经卡方检验初步推断野生二粒小麦中的α-淀粉酶抑制因子成熟蛋白编码基因序列变异类型在供试材料间无显著差异。序列分析表明,24 kDaα-淀粉酶抑制因子成熟蛋白编码基因序列无论在野生二粒小麦种内还是与小麦属的其他物种之间,都具有很高的一致性,说明该基因在进化过程中十分保守。     

甘肃滩羊血清酯酶和α-淀粉酶多态性分析

运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术(PAGE)对甘肃滩羊产区皋兰、景泰及靖远3293只滩羊的血清酯酶(Es)、α-淀粉酶(α-Amy)基因座多态性进行了检测分析。结果表明:甘肃滩羊Es基因座存在3种基因型Es++ 、 Es+- 、 Es-- ,它们由Es+、Es-两个共显性等位基因控制,其中Es+-基因型在3个群体中均占优势,频率分别为0.620 0(皋兰)、0.666 6(景泰)、0.730 0(靖远);在皋兰群体和景泰群体中,Es-基因占优势,基因频率分别为0.540 0和0.548 4,而在靖远群体中优势基因则为Es+,其基因频率为0.525 0。在α-Amy基因座上没有检测到多态性。     

松节油微波加热水合反应制松油醇

以HAc为催化剂,在微波加热条件下,对松节油直接水合制松节醇进行研究.结果表明:微波加热较传统加热更能促进反应的进行;在优化反应条件下,直接将松节油于85℃水合反应5h,其转化率达85.91%,选择性为0.453.     

甘蔗不同品种(种)个体发育过程中叶片淀粉酶活性的变化

甘蔗品种(种)叶片α-淀粉酶活性变化的基因型效应较大,12个供试材料间的差异明显,种间的差异大于品种间的差异,在个体发育过程中变化幅度较小。β-淀粉酶的活性变化与生长发育的关系较为密切,其变化呈典型的单峰曲线,活性的最高峰出现在甘蔗的旺长时期。几乎所有供试材料酶活性变化趋势是一致的,但变化幅度有差异。分蘖末期至伸长初期,同一材料的β-淀粉酶活性通常高于α-淀粉酶。     

银耳α–微管蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

 根据GenBank上已发表的其他真菌α–微管蛋白基因序列中的保守区域设计简并引物,扩增出银耳α–微管蛋白基因的cDNA部分序列。分别利用SEFA-PCR方法和RACE技术,克隆了银耳α–微管蛋白基因的DNA和cDNA全长序列。银耳α–微管蛋白基因DNA全长1 962 bp,含有9个内含子,cDNA全长1 347 bp,编码448个氨基酸。生物信息学分析结果表明：银耳α–微管蛋白基因的cDNA序列与新型隐球酵母有80%相似性,编码的蛋白质属于Tubulin_FtsZ超家族中的α–微管蛋白亚家族,氨基酸序列中存在保守的GTP结合区域GGGTGSG,系统发育树显示银耳与新型隐球酵母距离最近。