Differences in ecological and allelopathic traits among Alternanthera philoxeroides populations

Based on a field investigation and laboratory trials, this study compared the invasive ecology of aquatic and terrestrial alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides G.) ecotypes. The aquatic ecotype showed a stronger eco‐adaptation than the terrestrial ecotype. Alligator weed performed well in wetland and riparian habitats, where it was so competitive that only one‐to‐three other plant types grew successfully in its company. In contrast, it exhibited poor growth in upland fields and parks, where the terrestrial ecotype was dominated by 6–11 other alien plant species. The aquatic ecotype exhibited significantly greater growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa. The ecotypes differed in their pattern of allelopathic inhibition of water blooms. The allelopathic effect of the aquatic ecotype persisted for a period exceeding 20 days, whereas the terrestrial ecotype's allelopathic effect subsided in <5 days. The aquatic ecotype had higher levels of antioxidant compounds, including soluble protein and flavones, and the activity of protective enzymes was also higher, which included superoxidase dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. Alligator weed's unique characteristics derive mainly from its strong allelopathic potential and tolerance of eutrophication in aquatic habitats.     

甘蔗蜡提取物多廿烷醇的降血脂机制研究

采用RT-PCR、Western Blot、L-[35S]放射性标记物掺入等方法,观察甘蔗蜡提取物多廿烷醇对Hep G2细胞羟甲基戊二酸辅酶A (HMG-CoA)还原酶mRNA转录及蛋白质表达量的影响,及其对HMG-CoA 还原酶合成和降解的作用.结果表明,多廿烷醇降低HMG-CoA还原酶mRNA的转录和蛋白质的表达量,且作用效果随多廿烷醇浓度的升高而增强.此外,多廿烷醇抑制HMG-CoA还原酶的合成并加速其降解,多廿烷醇处理后HMG-CoA还原酶的半衰期明显缩短.     

带FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理分析与检测

对带有FR、G端子的三菱发电机电压调节器调压原理进行了具体分析,同时介绍了FR、G端子的具体就车检测方法。     

Caterpillar G3412型燃气发电机排障实践

介绍了Caterpillar G3412型燃气发电机的基本工作原理,分析了涩宁兰输气管道涩北首站该型燃气发电机拉缸的故障情况。通过更换2号缸的缸桶、活塞、气环和油环,以及高压线圈、O形圈、火花塞、水湿传感器等附件,使发电机故障得以排除,同时提出了发电机组日常运行的维护方法。     

中华沙鳅人工繁殖技术初探

对从长江、金沙江和岷江水域中收集质量为25.0～100.0 g的中华沙鳅(Botia superciliaris Günther)进行人工驯养、亲鱼培育和人工繁殖试验.结果显示:野生中华沙鳅能在人工饲养条件下生长和繁殖.注射人工催产药物鲤鱼脑垂体(PC)和促黄体素释放激素类似物(LHRH-A2)可促使亲鱼产卵和排精,催...     

SlSP5G3基因对‘Micro-Tom’番茄开花和产量的影响

番茄(Solanum lycopersicum L.)开花时间直接决定后期的产量和经济效益。为了探讨番茄 SlSP5G3基因功能,以‘Micro-Tom’番茄为试验材料,观察 SlSP5G3基因时间和空间的变化规律及对番茄开花和产量的影响。结果发现 SlSP5G3的表达响应光周期变化,主要在叶片中表达,且表达量不受生长发育时期的影响。在‘Micro-Tom’番茄中过表达 SlSP5G3,获得过表达植株L8和L12。与野生型植株相比,L8和L12植株开花所需叶片数分别增加2.34和2.67片;叶片鲜质量分别增加98.43%和76.89%;叶片干质量分别增加62.79%和41.86%;果实单果质量分别增加49.65%和36.13%;单株产量分别增加34.50%和26.74%,并且 SlSP5G3过表达植株还显著提升了上游开花转录因子 SlCDF3的表达量。 SlSP5G3通过调控开花时间,改变植株生长形态,对提升植株产量产生重要影响。     

小麦条锈病菌新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14流行趋势预测

为预测小麦条锈病菌新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14的未来流行趋势,科学指导小麦抗病育种及条锈病治理,采用常规鉴定法于2009—2016年对甘肃省2 330份小麦条锈病菌标样进行了生理小种鉴定及消长动态监测,并对G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14的致病性及寄生适合度进行了测定。结果发现:新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14在甘肃省的出现频率加快,已从2009年的0分别上升到2016年的34.85%和6.43%,其中G22-9(CYR34)已发展为甘肃省第1位流行生理小种。与主流生理小种CYR32和CYR33相比较,G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14具有毒性谱宽、致病力强、寄生适合度高、哺育品种多等特点。建议在甘肃省特别是小麦条锈病常发易变区的陇南麦区,针对新菌系的出现,及时调整小麦品种布局及育种目标,以持续控制条锈病的发生流行。     

中国与“77国集团和中国”罗马分部在联合国粮农机构的合作:现状与未来

本研究旨在提高国内对"77国集团和中国"罗马分部重要性的认识,以期通过中国项目和经费支持加强"77国集团和中国"罗马分部的能力建设,进而推动提升发展中国家在联合国粮农机构的话语权和影响力。研究通过查阅有关"77国集团和中国"罗马分部会议纪要及相关文献,走访咨询"77国集团和中国"罗马分部主席、秘书处和有关人员,参加"77国集团和中国"全体会议发现,"77国集团和中国"罗马分部的重要性没有得到充分认识,该机制和平台在运营和管理中心面临较多的困难和挑战,需要并期待中国智慧和中国支持。建议应积极加强中国与"77国集团和中国"罗马分部在联合国粮农三机构框架下的合作。     

Differential abundance of proteins in response to Beet necrotic yellow vein virus during compatible and incompatible interactions in sugar beet containing Rz1 or Rz2

Rhizomania, caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), is an important disease affecting sugar beet. Control is achieved through planting of resistant varieties; however, following the introduction of Rz1, new pathotypes that overcome resistance have appeared. To understand how BNYVV overcomes resistance, we examined quantitative protein differences during compatible and incompatible interactions when sugar beet is infected with either a traditional A-type strain or with an Rz1 resistance breaking strain. Proteomic data suggest distinct biochemical pathways are induced during compatible and incompatible sugar beet interactions with BNYVV. Pathways including the detoxification of reactive oxygen species, UB/proteasome, and photosynthesis should be studied in more depth to characterize roles in symptom development.