豆科蔬菜种子贮藏蛋白的电泳分析

本研究采用ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，对豆科蔬菜９个属、１１个种及品种的种子贮藏蛋白进行比较分析，得出豆科的特征谱带及各属的特征谱带。其植株生长势越强，谱带条数越多，即所含蛋白亚组分越多；同属不同种间比较，得出蔓生菜豆进化程度较高，特有谱带６条；同种不同品种间迁移率相同的亚组分较多，但谱带宽窄、染色深浅等存在明显差异，表现出一些本品种的特征特性，采用生物化学分类法对蔬菜作物进行分类，改变了传统的形态学分类，也使植物分类技术向分子水平迈进，为豆类蔬菜育种提供一些参考。     

城镇化对中国农户储粮影响的区域间差异分析

以粮食主产区、主销区和产销平衡区为研究区域,建立反映城镇化对农户储粮影响的评价指标体系,该体系选取粮食生产、农村居民粮食消费及农业劳动力3个一级指标、耕地面积等16个二级指标,并以2004年和2011年数据为基础,运用主成分分析方法,研究城镇化对粮食生产三大区域农户储粮影响的差异。结果表明:粮食生产因素对粮食主产区农户储粮有明显影响,而粮食消费及劳动力的就业选择对粮食产销平衡区农户储粮的影响明显,粮食主销区受上述影响较其他两区弱。同时,2004年城镇化对粮食主产区的综合影响最明显,到2011年粮食产销平衡区受到的综合影响最显著。最后,提出了未来中国农户储粮的趋势及相关对策。     

Variation among stallions in sperm quality after single layer centrifugation

Although single layer centrifugation (SLC) selects robust spermatozoa from stallion semen, the effect of individual variation has not been studied in detail. The objective of this study was to determine the variation among stallions in the effects of SLC on sperm quality during cooled storage for up to 48 hr. Semen samples from seven stallions (18 ejaculates) were split, with one portion being used for SLC and the other serving as a control (CON). Sperm quality (kinematics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, membrane integrity (MI) and chromatin integrity) were analysed at 0, 24 and 48 hr using computer-assisted sperm analysis and flow cytometry. Sperm quality was better in SLC than in CON at all timepoints, especially chromatin integrity and MI (p < .0001 for both), and some categories of ROS production (e.g. proportion of live hydrogen peroxide negative spermatozoa, p < .0001), but the degree of improvement varied among stallions and type of ROS (p < .05–p < .0001). Total and progressive motility were also better in SLC samples than in CON at 24 and 48 hr (p < .0001), although the effect on sperm kinematics varied. The interaction of treatment, time and stallion was not significant. In conclusion, sperm quality was better in SLC samples than in CON, although there was considerable individual variation among stallions. The improvement in sperm quality, particularly in chromatin integrity, was clearly beneficial, and therefore the use of this technique would be warranted for all stallion semen samples.     

烟草粉螟危害对储存烟叶经济损失的研究

研究了不同数量的烟草粉螟繁殖1代和2代（1a）幼虫危害所造成的烟叶重量和叶面积损失以及烟叶的被害率和各级烟叶的伤残率，核算了1-5对烟草粉螟繁殖2代危害所造成的经济损失。结果表明，1，2，3对烟草粉螟繁殖1代幼虫取食的烟叶重量分别为0.53，1.07，2.93g；损失的烟叶面积分别为37.32,75.59,206.34cm^2.1,2,3,4,5对烟草粉螟繁殖2代幼虫取食的烟叶重量分别为1.37，3.57,6.30,13.42,24.20g；损失的烟叶面积分别为88.39,230.32,406.45,865.81,1561.29cm^2；幼虫取食造成的直接经济损失分别为0.010,0.026,0.047,0.100,0.180元；因伤残降级降价造成的经济损失分别为0.316,1.051,1.932,2.896,4.392元；1a中共损失金额分别为0.326,1.077,1.978,2.996,4.572元。并将试成虫对数与繁殖2代幼虫取食烟叶重量、损失烟叶面积及经济损失进行理论曲线拟合，经F检验，方程代表性均好。     

利用libsys3.0汇文系统典藏模块进行馆藏清点工作的实践探讨

结合工作实践，详细介绍了如何利用libsys3．0汇文系统典藏模块进行书刊清点工作。     

储藏过程中小麦粉脂肪酸值变化规律的研究

阐述了5~9月小麦粉在储存过程中脂肪酸值变化规律。以期对此段时间内小麦粉的储藏和保持品质方面提供参考数据,保证安全储藏。     

农户防鼠密闭储粮袋

筛选出了防鼠效果良好的微胶囊化的放线菌酮及其最佳使用浓度，并用其制出了用维纶聚氯乙烯双面涂塑为材料的具有良好防鼠性能、防潮、密封性好，便于防治害虫、重量轻、容量大、成本低的农户储粮袋。     

Assessment of stakeholder perceptions of the damage to silo bags by vertebrate species in Argentina

We conducted an on-line questionnaire to assess stakeholder perceptions about damage to silo bags by vertebrate species in Argentina. We received 190 responses reporting damage to silo bags by vertebrates from the Pampas, Espinal, and Chaco regions. More than two-thirds of respondents indicated armadillos were the main harmful species, followed by rodents and dogs. Frequency of damage to silo bags was higher for armadillos (79%) than for the other species together (64%), and was higher in the Pampas (79%) than in the other regions (45–66%), suggesting a latitudinal gradient of damage. Economic losses were reported as “medium” or “high” by 37% of respondents. According to these stakeholders, damage to silo bags by vertebrates is a regionally extended phenomenon in most of the Argentine agricultural region and it is recognized as economically relevant by these stakeholders. Management of this conflict should focus on environmental aspects.     

硅藻土杀虫剂处理后储粮害虫成虫体重减轻与死亡

研究了硅藻土杀虫剂“普粮泰”对米象、谷蠹、玉米象和锯谷盗成虫体重的影响。在30±1℃、65%±1%RH条件下,试虫分别在0.5~8 g/m2的粉剂药膜上处理1天,它们(顺序同上)的平均体重分别减少了0.1、0.4、0.2和0.2 mg/头,在相同条件下培养7天后,它们的平均死亡率分别为52%、100%、97%和100%。在25±1℃、65%±1%RH条件下,经过1 g/m2粉剂药膜处理锯谷盗1天后,在原条件下不提供食物保持3天,平均每头锯谷盗体重比对照减少了0.2~0.3 mg/头,平均死亡率达到76%。由此可见,硅藻土杀虫剂处理的储粮害虫成虫体重明显减少(P<0.05),死亡率很高,说明硅藻土杀虫剂可能破坏了试虫体壁保持体内水分的蜡质层,从而引起锯谷盗失水干燥而死。     

Combined treatments of spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl for management of resistant psocid pests (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) of stored grain

The combined efficacy of spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl was determined against four storage psocid pests belonging to genus Liposcelis. This research was undertaken because of the increasing importance of these psocids in stored grain and the problem of finding grain protectants to control resistant strains. Firstly, mortality and reproduction were determined for adults exposed to wheat freshly treated with either spinosad (0.5 and 1 mg kg(-1)) or chlorpyrifos-methyl (2.5, 5 and 10 mg kg(-1)) or combinations of spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl at 30 degrees C and 70% RH. There were significant effects of application rate of spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl, both individually and in combination, on adult mortality and progeny reduction of all four psocids. Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel and L. decolor (Pearman) responded similarly, with incomplete control of adults and progeny at both doses of spinosad but complete control in all chlorpyrifos-methyl and combined treatments. In L. entomophila (Enderlein) and L. paeta Pearman, however, complete control of adults and progeny was only achieved in the combined treatments, with the exception of spinosad 0.5 mg kg(-1) plus chlorpyrifos-methyl 2.5 mg kg(-1) against L. entomophila. Next, combinations of spinosad (0.5 and 1 mg kg(-1)) and chlorpyrifos-methyl (2.5, 5 and 10 mg kg(-1)) in bioassays after 0, 1.5 and 3 months storage of treated wheat were evaluated. The best treatment was 1 mg kg(-1) of spinosad plus 10 mg kg(-1) of chlorpyrifos-methyl, providing up to 3 months of protection against infestations of all four Liposcelis spp. on wheat.