Mapping QTL of Fiber Yield and Quality Traits in F2 Populations of Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines from Gossypium hirsutum × Gossypium barbadense

In this study, F₂ populations from two chromosome segment substitution lines MBI7455 and MBI7358, were quantified using SSR to evaluate the parents' genotype and detect QTL related to fiber quality plus yield traits of cotton. Results show that the recurrent parent (CCRI45) hosted 96.70% and 95.60% of chromosome segment substitution in MBI7455 with 12 chromosome segments and in MBI7358 with 16 chromosome substitution segments of Gossypium barbadense, respectively. In the F₂ population, the average rate of chromosome substitution of the recurrent parent (CCRI45) was 96.44%, and the average segments of chromosome substitution of Gossypium barbadense was 13.42, with an average segments of homozygous donor chromosome value of 3.90. Analysis showed 19 fiber quality-related QTL with a phenotypic variance of between 2.52%-13.11% and seven yield traits-related QTL with a range of 2.93%-11.40% phenotypic variance, resulting in a total of 26 QTL. The CSSLs could be used to detect QTL for fiber yield and quality traits, which offer an important foundation for the cotton molecular-assisted breeding.     

Mining Applicable Elite Alleles of Growth Duration,Plant Height and Panicle Number per Plant by Conditional QTL Mapping in Japonica Rice

Unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were conducted for growth duration (GD), plant height (PH) and effective panicle number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between two japonica rice varieties Xiushui 79 and C Bao. The RIL population consisted of 254 lines was planted in two environments, Nanjing and Sihong, Jiangsu Province, China. Results showed that additive effects were major in all of QTLs for GD, PH and PN detected by the two methods, and the e...     

玉米粒重一致性QTL整合图谱的构建及元分析

为进一步研究候选基因发掘、克隆以及基因组结构,在生物信息学基础上,利用公共网络资源上已发表的149个玉米粒重相关QTL位点信息,初步探讨了玉米粒重"一致性"QTL发掘。结果表明:构建出一个包含了80个玉米粒重QTL位点的整合图谱,并在第7染色体上确定出一个"一致性"QTL,由标记bcd349和gpm760a界定,置信区间为463.29~505.50,间距42.21cM。     

栽培种花生遗传图谱的构建及主茎高和总分枝数QTL分析

栽培种花生是异源四倍体,基因组大,构建花生的分子遗传连锁图谱并对相关性状进行QTL定位研究的工作缓慢。本研究以遗传差异大的亲本组配杂交组合富川大花生×ICG6375构建F2作图群体,采用公开发表的2653对SSR引物,构建了一张含有234个SSR标记、分布于20个连锁群的栽培种花生遗传图谱。该图谱覆盖基因组的长度为1683.43c M,各个连锁群长度在36.11~131.48 c M之间,每个连锁群的标记数在6~15个之间,标记间的平均距离为7.19 c M。结合F3在湖北武汉和阳逻环境下的主茎高和总分枝数鉴定结果,应用Win QTLCart 2.5软件采用复合区间作图法进行了QTL定位和遗传效应分析。共检测到17个与主茎高和总分枝数相关的QTL位点,贡献率在0.10%~10.22%之间,分布于8个连锁群上。综合分析武汉和阳逻环境的鉴定结果,获得重复一致的与主茎高相关的6个QTL,其中q MHA061.1和q MHA062.1位于连锁群LG06上TC1A2~AHGS0153标记区间,贡献率为5.49%~8.95%;q MHA061.2和q MHA062.2位于LG06上AHGS1375~PM377标记区间,贡献率为2.93%~5.83%;q MHA092.2和q MHA091.1位于连锁群LG09上GM2839~EM87标记区间,贡献率为0.53%~9.43%。     

Congruence of conventional and molecular studies to locate genes that control flavone synthesis in maize silks

The presence of maysin, a flavone glycoside, and its analogues in the silks of corn is an important defence against invasion of the ear by corn earworm in the southeastern USA. Three dent maize inbreds with high silk‐maysin concentrations were evaluated for chromosomal location of major genes controlling synthesis of three antibiotic chemicals by crossing them to a series of waxy‐marked chromosome 9 reciprocal translocations. The data indicated that genes for maysin and its analogues are probably present on the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 10, and long arms of chromosomes 5 and 8 for inbred line GT114, the short arms of chromosome 1 and 6, and the long arms of chromosome 5 and 8 for inbred line GE37, and the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 10, and the long arm of chromosome 4 for inbred line SC102. These results are in general agreement with other translocation studies on corn earworm injury to sweet corn inbreds and gene and restriction fragment length polymorphism marker studies to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) for maysin synthesis, with the exception that QTL on chromosome 9 have been found to be strongly associated with flavone synthesis. The most significant concordance between conventional and molecular techniques for locating chromosome regions influencing synthesis of antibiotic chemicals from silks of high silk antibiosis sources is found for the short arm of chromosome 1. This region is the most likely one on which to place emphasis during the initial stages of transferring high‐maysin silks to elite inbred lines. A chromosome 1 marker plus at least one more from any chosen high‐maysin inbred source should be sufficient to transfer high maysin silks to other lines. Other markers may be needed for transfer of specific traits when recovering recurrent parent genome types in a backcrossing procedure.     

“外选35”和“七丝占”重组自交系群体抗稻瘟病QTL的初步定位

以中国华南地区曾普遍使用的抗瘟性水稻材料外选35和广东最早的优质食味好的品种七丝占为亲本材料,建立的重组自交系群体。利用广东省水稻育种新技术暨农业部水稻遗传改良重点实验室分离的广东稻区稻瘟菌ZC-13和ZC-15两个小种进行单小种接种鉴定抗瘟性,利用QTLmapper2.0进行抗瘟性QTL定位分析。结果共检测到2个QTL,均位于第12号染色体的RM117-RM179区间。对由外选35育成的7个抗性品种进行检测分析,所选的品种该区段均来源于外选35,初步验证该区段可能含抗稻瘟病位点。     

利用相同来源F2:3和BC2S1群体定位玉米生育期QTL

以普通玉米自交系丹232和爆裂玉米自交系N04为亲本构建259个F2:3和220个BC2S1家系群体,利用SSR标记构建分子标记遗传图谱,利用复合区间作图方法对4个生育期性状进行QTL定位和效应分析。利用F2:3群体共检测到4个抽雄期QTL、6个吐丝期QTL和3个散粉期QTL。单个QTL可解释的表型变异为6.7%~18.4%,可解释的表型总变异为28.9%~50.3%,11个QTL的增效基因来自生育期较长的亲本丹232,其余2个QTL的增效基因来自生育期较短的亲本N04;BC2S1群体检测到8个与4个生育期性状相关的QTL,单个QTL可解释的表型变异为4.5%~11.6%,可解释的表型总变异为13.2%~18.5%,增效基因来自两个亲本的QTL为3个和5个。两类群体检测出QTL的数目、位置、效应和贡献率均存在较大差异,主要原因在于BC2S1群体抽样选择所引起的群体结构差异,F2:3群体显示出较高的QTL检测能力,但回交育种过程中应慎重依据F2:3群体QTL定位结果进行标记辅助选择(MAS)。     

Construction and characterization of a BAC library of soybean

We have constructed a soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library from green leaf protoplasts of the cultivar, Misuzudaizu. The library contains 53,760 clones with an average insert size of 116 kb. About 2.9% chloroplast DNA origin was revealed by PCR and colony hybridization. Apart from 2.8% clones having no insert, this library represents 5.2 genome equivalents. With this genome coverage, the probability of having any DNA sequence represented in the library is higher than 99.5%. Three-dimensional pools of the BAC library in combination with the use of a high efficiency genome scanning (HEGS) electrophoresis facilitate rapid and efficient PCR-based screening. An average of five positive clones were identified after screening the BAC library with SSR and STS markers. BAC-end walking was performed for three SSR associated BACs. This library will provide a good resource for positional cloning of agronomically and biologically important QTL genes that Misuzudaizu possesses.     

爆裂玉米3个膨爆特性的非条件和条件QTL分析

膨化倍数(PF)、膨化体积(PV)和爆花率(PR)是爆裂玉米的主要品质指标。本研究以普通玉米自交系丹232和爆裂玉米自交系N04杂交构建的259个F2:3家系为定位群体,采用完全随机区组设计在郑州夏播条件下测定了3个膨爆特性指标。利用覆盖玉米10条染色体的183对多态性分子标记构建连锁图,采用复合区间作图(CIM)方法对各性状进行非条件QTL定位分析,采用条件遗传统计软件对PF进行条件QTL分析。3个膨爆特性指标非条件QTL定位共检测出31个QTL,单个QTL的贡献率为3.09%￣12.46%,累计贡献率为51.90%、77.37%和61.45%。在8个标记区间(占42.11%)同时检测到控制2￣3个性状的QTL。加性和部分显性在膨爆特性的遗传中起主要作用,同时存在显性和超显性基因效应。条件QTL定位结果表明,PV和PR以不同方式显著影响PF的QTL表达,PV比PR更重要。     

QTL遗传效应正反交差异研究

应用改良AD模型对转基因棉花QTL突变体系进行遗传效应的正反交比较分析,结果表明,农艺性状的主要遗传方差组分分解正反交表现一致,除铃重存在显著的遗传背景加性效应(A2)外,子棉产量、皮棉产量、衣分和铃数均存在显著或极显著的 dQTL加性效应(A1)和显性效应(D1),农艺性状均有显著或极显著的遗传背景显性效应(D2);棉花纤维性状的主要遗传效应正反交之间无显著差异.铃重的dQTL的加性和显性效应与环境的互作存在显著差异.对转基因系、受体及三个品系的dQTL加性效应分解结果也表明,正反交对不同材料各性状的加性效应估计也是一致的.本文还对不同组合正反交时的纯合及杂合显性效应进行预测比较.