牧草和秸秆揉搓加工机与理机具研究

从动物生理学，生物力学，机械学等学科出发，对牧草和秸秆揉搓加工技术的机理进行了综合分析；运用一次回归正交试验法，对影响揉搓加工质量的主要参数作了定量研究。结果表明，试验样机在牧草和秸秆的加工质量，生产率、生产性能和可靠性等方面均优于现有机型。     

气体射流冲击下颗粒物料流态化参数的试验研究

在研制的射流冲击试验台上，采用图像对比的方法，对玉米颗粒在气体射流冲击作用下产生流态化运动时所需的喷嘴出口气流速度与冲击室宽镀、喷嘴直径、喷嘴间距和喷嘴高度之间的关系进行了试验研究。通过引入流化程度因子概念，采用正交试验得到了不同结构参数下物料流化所需的喷嘴出口气流速度。     

屋顶绿化无土种植基质的选择

屋顶绿化由于要考虑到屋顶承重能力以及排水防涝等诸多因素,使得无土种植基质的选择就非常重要。 用于屋顶绿化的种植基质需具备三个基本条件:第一,固定植株;第二,有一定的保水保肥能力,透气性好;第三,有一定的化学缓冲能力,如稳定的氢离子浓度、处理根系分泌物、保持良好的水、气、养分的比例等。 无土基质可以是有机的也可以是无机的,但是总的要求     

稀土农用光源补光对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响

利用中科院最新研发的稀土农用光源作为光源,研究不同光质(红光、蓝光和红蓝复合光)和不同光周期(2、4和6h)条件下对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响。本试验结果表明,与对照和普通LED相比,增加红光在一定程度上对黄瓜幼苗的干物质积累有促进作用。短时间照射蓝光有利于黄瓜幼苗的形态建成,包括:株高和单株叶片数的增加,但随着补光时间的延长,不利于黄瓜幼苗形态建成和壮苗指数的提高。综合考虑,蓝光补光2h和红蓝光复合各处理下有利于黄瓜培育壮苗。     

番茄新品种"CM130"的选育

"CM130"是以‘CMRy116’和‘DPR365’2个自交系组配而成的新番茄品种,田间表现抗叶霉病和烟草花叶病毒病;生长势强、硬度高、耐贮运、整齐度高。可溶性固形物含量4.06%,果形指数为1,果肉质沙,口感适中。     

杏鲍菇液体菌种培养条件的研究

本文采用L9(3^4)正交试验设计，多指标综合平衡法，以菌球的干重、密度、直径为检验指标，研究了温度、装量、接种量、转速不同组合对杏鲍菇液体菌种各项指标的影响。经过试验分析，从中筛选出最适合杏鲍菇液体菌种生长的四因素最佳组合为温度30℃、装量100mL、接种量15％、转速210r／min。     

杏鲍菇液体菌种栽培试验总结

杏鲍菇（Pleurotus eryngii DC．ex Fr）由于肉质肥厚，质地脆嫩，具有特殊的杏仁香味，被誉为“菇中之王”。要实现杏鲍菇的大规模商品化生产，应用液体菌种是必然。液体菌种萌发点多、菌龄一致，因此接入栽培料后萌发快、定植早、成品率高，既缩短了生产周期又提高了生产效率，特别适合于食用菌的规模化、周年化、工厂化生产。两年来，我们在栽培基础上，总结出了利用液体菌种栽培杏鲍菇的高产技术。现介绍如下。     

鸡蛋消毒方法的对比研究

采用5种消毒方法对鸡蛋蛋壳表面细菌进行杀菌效果试验,结果表明,各处理组之间抑菌效果差异显著(P＜0.05),杀菌效果优劣依次为开水浸烫＞甲醛熏蒸＞过氧乙酸熏蒸＞高锰酸钾浸泡＞过氧乙酸浸泡,开水浸烫操作技术难度较大,容易引起蛋壳破裂,适宜实际生产的消毒方法为过氧乙酸熏蒸和甲醛熏蒸.将消毒处理后的鸡蛋在温度25℃,相对湿度60%～80%贮存20天,开水浸烫处理组鸡蛋仍保持较鲜的品质,其余各组鸡蛋品质较差.结果表明,常规消毒方法(除开水浸烫法)只能抑制蛋壳表面微生物的生长繁殖,不能延缓鸡蛋品质下降达到保鲜鸡蛋的作用.     

红枣制干技术现状分析与展望

对自然晾晒法、烘房制干法、干燥机制干法、太阳能制干法、真空冷冻制干法、微波制干法以及红外辐射制干法等现有的主要红枣制干技术进行了分析与评价;以新疆南疆地区红枣加工企业的“两级”干燥模式为代表,分析了红枣干燥加工模式现状;最后,针对主流红枣烘房制干技术的问题与不足,对红枣制干技术的发展与研究方向进行了展望。     

红枣气体射流冲击干燥收缩特性研究

Chinese jujube originated in China and has a long historical standing. China is the only country which can produce a great amount of Chinese jujube in the world. Modern research showed that the nutrition of Chinese jujube is abundant. Chinese jujube has great medicinal and food value, with high economic value and good prospects for development. Shrinkage characteristics of dates generally refer to volume shrinkage characteristics of whole dates. Large fruit and plump grain appearance of dates is the first choice of consumers to buy elements. The volume of dried jujube points to the consumer’s heart, and is an important indicator of consumers whether to buy. Jujube processing enterprises grade the date in accordance with its size, different grades dates have different value and price. Therefore, drying is the most important steps during the dates processing as it affects directly the quality of the product, and the shrinkage characteristics is the most important quality characteristic of Chinese jujube after drying. However, the traditional natural desiccation and desiccation in the drying room of the red dates has many problems. The conventional drying method for Chinese jujube has some disadvantages of severe shrinkage, long drying time and large energy consumption etc. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of dried Chinese jujube and reduce the shrinkage, it is imperative to replace the traditional drying method with the modern technologies. Air impingement drying technology was applied to dry Chinese jujube. The drying characteristics of shrinkage, moisture effective diffusivity considering shrinkage characteristics and the activation energy of Chinese jujube shrinkage were investigated under different air temperatures (55, 60, 65 and 70℃) and air velocities (6, 9, 12 and 15m/s). The dynamic changes of the regular pattern for the shrinkage characteristic of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process were studied, the results showed that the volume relative shrinkage ratio of Chinese jujube appeared to increase and then decrease with the increase of air temperature and air velocity. Considering shrinkage characteristics, the moisture effective diffusivity of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process through the Fick’s second law was obtained. The diffusivity appeared to increase and then decrease with the decrease in moisture content in dry basis of Chinese jujube. The Arrhenius equation calculated the shrinkage activation energy of the Chinese jujube was 1281kJ/mol. This research provided technical basis for shrinkage characteristics of Chinese jujube using air impingement drying technology.