宁夏沙坡头人工植被区土壤真菌种群的动态研究(英文)

[Objective] The changes of fungi in different soil layers and sand dunes of artificial vegetation areas in Ningxia Shapotou during different times were studied. [Method]The number of soil fungi in different soil layers at same plot and in same soil layer at different plots were changed significantly.The quantitative distribution of fungi was the most in Cuiliugou but the fewest in quicksand among all soil types.[Result] The quantity of soil fungi in grasslands was varied in different soil layers at the same sample and in the same soil layer at different sample plots. The quantity of fungi from different soil types distributed mostly in Cuiliugou, a natural desert steppe, but little in quicksand. The species and quantity of fungi in CuiLiugou was the most in different types of sand-fixing lands. [Conclusion] The quantity of soil fungi in artificial vegetation areas raises with the increase of sand-fixing ages, The enhancement of vegetation construction and artificial management measures in inland is helpful for improving present situation of desertification.     

大沙鼠危害及取食对荒漠梭梭林生长的影响

大沙鼠是中国西北荒漠区梭梭林主要有害生物.采用调查法和模拟修剪法研究了甘肃民勤县梭梭固沙林大沙鼠取食对梭梭生长的影响,结果表明:大沙鼠主要危害2～3 a生梭梭枝条.大沙鼠轻度取食不影响梭梭正常生长,反而促使分枝增加、树冠冠幅加大,有利于梭梭林防护效能的发挥;高强度的危害影响梭梭的高生长.     

梨上瘿螨越冬空间分布型研究

对5个梨园梨上瘿螨发生情况的抽样调查结果,经聚集指标、Taylor的幂法则和 Iwao法的统计分析得出,梨上瘿螨越冬自然种群在果园中的空间分布型为聚集分布,其分布的基本成分为个体群;同时建立了梨上瘿螨越冬种群数量调查的理论抽样数量计算公式.     

沙坡头固沙植被区掘穴蚁的巢位选择

在沙坡头人工固沙植被区,调查了掘穴蚁蚁穴密度在不同固沙年代和不同地形的分布,并研究了蚁穴密度与土壤参数的关系.研究结果表明:地形、固沙年代及其互作显著影响掘穴蚁的蚁穴密度.随着固沙年代的延长,掘穴蚁的蚁穴密度增加;不同地形之间的大小顺序为:丘间地>迎风坡>丘顶>背风坡;蚁穴密度与土壤沙粒含量(P<0.05)和土壤容重(P<0.01)呈负相关,与土壤粘粒(P<0.05)、全钾(P<0.05)、CaCO3(P<0.05)、全氮(P<0.01)、有机质(P<0.01)、盐分(P<0.01)和结皮厚度(P<0.01)呈正相关.