复合益生菌菌液对奶牛产奶量和肠道菌群的影响

为了研究复合益生菌菌液对奶牛产奶量、乳品质量、牛群健康和肠道菌群的影响,选择20头条件相近的健康奶牛随机分为试验组和对照组,采用菌液与饲料混合的方法饲喂牛群,考察其对奶牛产奶量,肠道菌群乳品质量和牛群健康的影响。结果表明,食用复合益生菌液的每头牛比对照组平均每天可以多产2.9kg牛奶,提高产奶量14.8%,差异极显著(P0.01),经济效益显著;复合益生菌菌液可以促进肠道菌群调整,使有益菌-主要是乳酸菌成为优势菌群,并可以抑制霉菌和降解霉菌毒素,降低牛乳中体细胞数,预防隐性乳腺(房)炎。     

不同玉米品种对小穗分化期和抽雄期高温胁迫响应差异研究

通过2017年7月10日-15日(小穗分化期)和8月2-5日(抽雄期)连续高温热害下品种间产量差异分析,以‘郑单958’为对照,以产量性状及产量为主要指标,兼顾穗位系数综合评价,通过聚类分析,筛选出本区域抗高温胁迫夏玉米品种。结果表明,与对照‘郑单958’相比,‘明科玉77’行粒数最大,产量最高,穗位系数比对照低13.04%。综合评价筛选出耐高温低穗位系数品种7个,即‘明科玉77’,‘德发5号’,‘青农11’,‘正大12’,‘裕丰303’,‘金海13’,‘裕丰105’。其耐高温胁迫生理机制特性还有待于进一步研究。     

核桃红枣酸乳的研制

尝试以核桃和红枣为主要原料,对核桃红枣发酵乳工艺进行研究。实验结果表明:核桃红枣发酵乳的最好配方为:核桃汁添加量20%,红栆汁添加量10%,接种量6%,加糖量3%。42℃发酵6 h,最终测得制品的乳酸菌数达到3.83×10~8 cfu/ml,蛋白质含量2.5 g/100 g,高于普通酸奶的含量。     

杏鲍菇乳酸菌发酵饮料的研制

以杏鲍菇和鲜牛乳为主要原料通过乳酸菌发酵作用研制功能性饮料。单因素试验和正交试验表明杏鲍菇乳酸菌发酵饮料的最佳工艺为:发酵时间6.5h、接种量0.10%、白砂糖添加量8%、杏鲍菇添加量10%,所得产品质地均匀,口感细腻,酸甜可口,兼具杏鲍菇和鲜乳特有的香味。     

健康家兔肠道中乳酸菌的分离鉴定

本试验选用MRS、MRS+10%家兔硬粪浸出液和MRS+10%泡菜汁3种选择培养基,对健康家兔肠道的乳酸菌群分别进行需氧和厌氧培养,根据可培养细菌菌落特征、染色特性、显微镜形态观测,共分离出7株乳酸菌株,其中需氧菌2株,厌氧菌5株。结合生化试验初步鉴定,需氧菌株分别为乳酸乳球菌和短乳杆菌,厌氧菌株分别为嗜酸乳杆菌,嗜粪乳杆菌,肠乳杆菌,乳酸乳杆菌和弯曲乳杆菌。本实验为弄清健康家兔肠道的有益菌群,以便下一步制作更易于在畜禽的肠道中定植存活的复合动物微生态制剂做准备。     

乳源乳酸菌的分离鉴定与抑菌效果观察

从西宁市陶家寨村30头健康的黑白花奶牛的乳样中,采用MRS培养基分离培养,经涂片染色镜检和生化试验验证后,得到3株乳酸杆菌,并对分离所得乳酸菌进行抑制试验.结果表明:其中有1株对葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有明显的抑制作用.     

活性乳酸菌饲料添加剂对生长育肥猪生产性能的影响

活性乳酸菌饲料是采用纯天然的复合乳酸菌与辅料进行发酵，培育而成的一种饲料添加剂，能够使畜禽提高免疫力，增强抗病力、预防疾病、提高生长速度、改善肉质。     

饲料青贮与利用

1．一般青贮 也称普通青贮，即对常规青饲料密闭在厌氧状态下，通过乳酸菌发酵，使pH值降到3．8而制成的青贮。要掌握好原料的刈割时间，及时收割。一般密植青刈玉米在乳熟期，豆科植物在开花初期，禾本科牧草在抽穗期，甘薯藤在霜前收割。     

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fructooligosaccharides on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Arctic Foxes (Alopex lagopus) during Early Growth Period北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) during early growth period. Sixty male post-litter Arctic foxes with the average body weight of (1.16±0.15) kg and at the age of (45±3) days were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 5 foxes per replicate. The foxes were fed the following diets, respectively: basal diet (control group), basal diet+3×109 CFU / kg LAB (LAB group), basal diet+5 g / kg FOS (FOS group) and basal diet+3×109 CFU / kg LAB+5 g / kg FOS (LAB+FOS group). The experiment lasted for 30 days. The results showed as follows: 1) on the days 1 to 15, the diarrhea rate of foxes in the LAB group and LAB+FOS group was significantly lower than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05). On the days 16 to 30, the average daily gain of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB group (P>0.05); the diarrhea rate of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly lower than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB group (P>0.05); compared with the FOS group, the feed to gain ratio of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) The dry matter digestibility of foxes in the LAB + FOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group and FOS group (P < 0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in nitrogen intake, fecal nitrogen, urine nitrogen, nitrogen deposition, net protein utilization and protein biological value among all groups (P>0.05). 3) Serum total protein (TP) content of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly higher than that in the FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with control group and LAB group (P>0.05). Serum albumin (ALB) content of foxes in the LAB group was significantly higher than that in the control group and FOS group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with LAB+ FOS group (P>0.05). Serum urea nitrogen (UN) content of foxes in the LAB+FOS group was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0. 05). In conclusion, the combined supplementation of 3 × 109 CFU / kg LAB and 5 g / kg FOS in the diet is beneficial to reduce diarrhea rate, improve dry matter digestibility, improve body immune level, and promote the growth of Arctic foxes during early growth period. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Urology. All rights reserved.     

乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌对肠道感染的乳猪生长性能、养分消化和免疫功能的影响

本试验将不同乳酸菌或芽孢杆菌添加到肠道感染的乳猪日粮中，研究其对生长性能、养分消化和血清免疫指标的影响。试验选取160头健康乳猪，平均分为4组，分别为对照组、感染组、乳酸菌组和芽孢杆菌组，乳酸菌组和芽孢杆菌组分别在日粮中添加0.2 g/kg的乳酸菌和0.2 g/kg的芽孢杆菌制剂，试验5 d后，感染组、乳酸菌组和芽孢杆菌组灌服大肠杆菌10 mL，对照组给予等量的生理盐水，试验期为30 d，试验结束后测定其生长性能、养分消化和免疫机能。结果发现，在日粮中添加乳酸菌或芽孢杆菌对肠道感染乳猪的生长性能均有显著影响，平均日增重比感染组显著提高18.8%（P＜0.05），耗料增重显著降低13.1%（P＜0.05）|在日粮中添加乳酸菌或芽孢杆菌对感染乳猪的养分消化指标也有显著影响显著（P＜0.05），粗脂肪、粗蛋白质和干物质消化率分别比感染组提高12.8%、11.7%和7.9%|在日粮中添加乳酸菌或芽孢杆菌对感染乳猪血清中IgA、IgG、IgM等免疫指标也有显著影响（P＜0.05）。研究结果表明，在日粮中加入乳酸菌或芽孢杆菌对肠道感染的乳猪恢复效果明显，能促进生长性能，提高养分的消化吸收，并能提高乳猪的免疫能力。 [关键词]乳酸菌|芽孢杆菌|感染|乳猪|生长性能|免疫球蛋白