宠物美容与护理课程改革探索

课程体系建设是高职院校对学生职业能力培养的关键.湖北三峡职业技术学院宠物美容与护理教学团队致力于构建基于工作过程的课程体系,进行了项目化课程教学的探索与实践,并已将其建设成为省级精品课程.课程改革体现了课程与职业岗位要求的对接,提高了学生就业竞争力和可持续发展能力.     

中国宠物犬饲养存在的问题及对策

中国宠物犬饲养存在着交易市场不规范,宠物医院、美容保健院良莠不齐,缺乏检疫、免疫接种,容易传播疾病和污染环境等问题。建议政府管理部门加强监管,倡导市民文明、规范养犬,以便于宠物犬行业在我国的健康发展。     

我国与有关国家或地区伴侣动物进出境检疫制度比较

为建立符合中国国情的伴侣动物检疫监管秩序,防范动物疫病的传入和传出,通过研究日本、澳大利亚等国家或地区伴侣动物的检疫要求,分析我国伴侣动物检疫监管现状和存在问题,提出了进一步加强出入境伴侣动物检疫监管方面的建议。     

宠物犬犬粮的选择技术

宠物热的兴起,同时带动了一系列宠物行业的发展。宠物食品占据宠物用品的主要部分。然而,宠物主人在购买犬粮时存在很多疑惑。本文从犬粮的类型、选择犬粮的依据及优质犬粮的特点等方面进行阐述,以达到为宠物主人提供参考的目的。     

Modeling the effect of sterilization rate on owned dog population size in central Italy

A spreadsheet population dynamics model was constructed to evaluate the impact of female dog sterilization on the domestic dog population for the province of Teramo, Italy. Baseline owned dog population structure as well as the annual number of births, adoptions, abandonments, and purchases were estimated based on regional managed kennel data in addition to a telephone questionnaire administered to members of the local population. Age- and gender-dependent death rates were based on domestic dog life tables. The model predicts that at the current female dog sterilization rate of 30%, the owned dog population will most probably continue to increase. After 20 years, a mean annual increase of 2.6% (median: 2.5%, 95% CI: −3.2% to 8.8%) is projected assuming that the average age at sterilization is 3 years. A sterilization rate of at least 55% is estimated to be needed to halt population growth if the current age structure for female dog sterilization is maintained. However, if the province of Teramo were to focus on sterilizing female dogs less than 1 year of age, the required sterilization rate to arrest population growth could be reduced to as low as 26%.     

西宁地区犬呼吸道菌群分析及药敏试验

犬类呼吸道疾病是宠物犬常见病,严重者导致犬只死亡。但是,目前在临床上该病用药缺乏科学指导。本实验采集了西宁地区5家宠物医院共63例健康犬及92例呼吸道患病犬的标本,进行呼吸道多菌群的分离培养、染色镜检和全自动微生物分析仪鉴定,并对检出菌进行了Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法药敏试验。结果发现,犬呼吸道正常菌群有缓慢葡萄球菌、放射根瘤菌、少动鞘氨醇单胞菌等;主要致病菌有金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌臭鼻亚种。通过对所有样品的菌株分离发现犬上呼吸道是以革兰阳性菌偏多,阳性菌株分离率(65.9%),阴性菌株分离率(34.1%)。药敏试验结果显示,革兰阳性细菌敏感的药物为头孢噻肟、头孢曲松,敏感率>50%。革兰阴性细菌敏感的药物为恩诺沙星、丁胺卡那,敏感率>70%。同时,两类菌群对阿莫西林、林可霉素都有明显的耐药性(耐药率>70%)。     

Harvesting, local trade, and conservation of parrots in the Northeastern Peruvian Amazon

In some places of the northeastern Peruvian Amazon the harvesting and local trade of parrot nestlings is still a common practice (loreada) that takes place every year between February and April, despite being banned by the national laws. Between 1996 and 1999, I monitored the use of these birds in 3890-ha of Mauritia flexuosa-palm swamps, located close to the village of Victoria (Loreto, Peru). Seven species of parrots were collected by local poachers in the study area, with Amazona amazonica (61.1% of the captures) and Ara ararauna (25.9%) the most commonly harvested. The total number of nestlings taken during the 4-year study period was 1718, ranging from 680 birds harvested in 1996 to 166 in 1998. The two methods used to collect nestlings, cutting down the nesting tree or opening a hole in the trunk to reach the nest cavity, are not sustainable because nest-trees become useless and the next generation is completely removed. The analyses of demographic data and annual harvest rates suggest that at least three species (Ara ararauna, Ara macao and Amazona amazonica) are being over-harvested and may be seriously threatened in the long term.