苏云金杆菌00-50-5发酵上清液对南方根结线虫杀虫活性研究

室内条件下,分别测定了苏云金杆菌Bt 00-50-5菌株液体和固体发酵物对南方根结线虫的毒力效果。结果显示,牛肉膏蛋白胨液体发酵法在72h所得上清液的毒性最高,南方根结线虫死亡率达到99.0%,而固体麸皮发酵物对线虫的最高毒性为发酵8h,南方根结线虫死亡率为89.0%。液体发酵上清液经葡聚糖凝胶G-75柱层析分离,柱下物在280nm处的吸收值呈现出4个峰I、II、III和IV,其值0.601,1.475,1.641和0.392,其中峰II、III、IV处收集的蛋白对南方根结线虫有毒杀作用,分子量最小的IV蛋白杀线虫活性最高。上清液天然聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离杀虫蛋白结果显示6条清晰蛋白带,其中37kDa蛋白含量最多。     

极早熟大白菜新品种豫新50的选育

采用游离小孢子培养双单倍体技术快速育成早熟大白菜杂交一代新品种豫新50。结果表明:豫新50为极早熟耐热品种,从播种到采收50-56d,高抗病毒病和软腐病,抗霜霉病;平均667m2产净菜2716.87kg,株形紧凑,适宜密植;叶球矮桩叠抱,整齐度高,商品性好;质地柔嫩,风味佳,每100g鲜样含粗蛋白质1.19g,粗纤维0.40g,维生素C20.8mg,可溶性糖2.80g。     

水温和盐度对大菱鲆稚鱼存活的影响

采用突然改变温度和盐度的方法,试验不同水温和盐度对大菱鲆稚鱼存活的影响。试验结果表明,水温为15.0~18.0℃、盐度为28~32,大菱鲆稚鱼存活率最高;用曲线回归的方法求出24 h内存活率与温度的关系式,其回归方程为y=-0.5506x2 18.4970x-53.13,依此得到大菱鲆稚鱼的高、低起始致死温度为26.54℃和7.06℃。依同样方法得到24h内存活率与盐度的回归方程为y=-0.4353x2 23.4226x-213.81,高、低起始致死盐度为37.76和16.05。经t检验显著相关(P<0.01)。     

不同类型酚酸物质对莴苣的化感作用

以莴苣为受体,采取室内生测的方法,测定了4种苯甲酸型酚酸(对羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸、香草酸、丁香酸)和4种肉桂酸型酚酸(肉桂酸、阿魏酸、对香豆酸、咖啡酸),以及2种类型混合酚酸对莴苣的化感作用,对其抑制率进行回归分析并计算IC50(半抑制浓度值).结果表明,单一或混合酚酸浓度高时明显抑制莴苣生长,浓度低时抑制能力减弱或表现促进作用.苯甲酸型混合酚酸对莴苣根长和株高的IC50分别为2.71×10~(-4)和1.56×10-3mol·L~(-1),而肉桂酸型混合酚酸对莴苣根长和株高的IC50分别为8.01×10~(-4)和1.77×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1).可见,苯甲酸型酚酸的抑制作用高于肉桂酸型酚酸,且混合酚酸的抑制作用高于单一组分酚酸.     

优质早籼三系不育系贺50A选育

贺50A是以金23A为母本,中9B／161—5B／金23B的F4代单株为父本,经多代择优回交与选择育成的早籼型三系不育系。该不育系具有不育性稳定,株叶形态好,生育期适中,开花习性好,柱头外露率和异交结实率高,米质较优,配合力强等特点。介绍了贺50A的繁殖制种技术要点。     

小麦种根对氯嘧磺隆的敏感性研究

以小麦为试验材验材料,测定了氯嘧磺隆对小麦种根的抑制作用,结果表明:氯嘧磺隆48和72 h对小麦种根的EC50分别为45.65和10.99 mg/L。     

乙型脑炎病毒荧光定量PCR的建立及对病毒体外复制动态的研究

根据乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)NS3基因保守序列设计并合成一对引物,以构建的重组质粒作为阳性标准品,建立了一种敏感、特异、重复性好的快速检测JEV的SYBR Green I荧光定量PCR方法.该方法在1.92×108～1.92×101拷贝/μL范围内具有良好的线性关系,可检测到初始模板中19拷贝/μL的病毒核酸,敏感性是常规RT-PCR方法的10倍;检测时间缩短了50％,该方法不与其它猪源病毒发生交叉反应;在重复性试验中,批间、批内变异系数均小于1.2％.应用本方法对JEV在BHK-21细胞上繁殖滴度进行定量检测,绘制JEV在BHK-21细胞上的一步生长曲线,并与TCID50方法绘制的复制动态曲线进行比较.结果显示,两种方法测定的JEV在BHK-21细胞上的复制动态具有一定的平行关系,对于制备灭活疫苗而言,荧光定量PCR方法更快速和敏感,所测得的抗原含量更精确,有利于企业机动灵活地安排生产.     

Agarase: Review of Major Sources,Categories, Purification Method,Enzyme Characteristics and Applications

Agarases are the enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of agar. They are classified into α-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.158) and β-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.81) according to the cleavage pattern. Several agarases have been isolated from different genera of bacteria found in seawater and marine sediments, as well as engineered microorganisms. Agarases have wide applications in food industry, cosmetics, and medical fields because they produce oligosaccharides with remarkable activities. They are also used as a tool enzyme for biological, physiological, and cytological studies. The paper reviews the category, source, purification method, major characteristics, and application fields of these native and gene cloned agarases in the past, present, and future.     

Effect of temperature on copper toxicity and hematological responses in the neotropical fish Prochilodus scrofa at low and high pH

Copper sulfate has been widely used to control algae and pathogens in fish culture ponds. However, its toxic effects on fish depend not only on its concentration in water but also on water quality. The susceptibility of the neotropical freshwater fish Prochilodus scrofa to copper was evaluated at two temperatures with low and high water pH. Juvenile fish were acclimated at 20 and 30 °C and exposed to copper (static bioassay system) in water with pH 4.5 and 8.0. The 96 h-LC₅₀ were determined at each temperature and pH, as were the hematological parameters. The 96 h-LC₅₀ for copper (98 and 88 μg Cu L^− 1 in water with pH 4.5 and 16 and 14 μg Cu L^− 1 in water with pH 8.0 for fish kept at 20 and 30 °C, respectively) was significantly dissimilar in pH 4.5 and 8.0, but no difference was found between 20 and 30 °C in the same water pH. At 20 °C, regardless of the water pH, the hematocrit (Hct) increased while the red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration decreased compared to control pH 7.0. Copper exposure in water pH 4.5 and 8.0 causes an increase on the Hct, RBC and Hb concentrations in relation to the controls pH 4.5 and 8.0. At 30 °C, the changes on the blood parameters depended on the water pH and, after copper exposure at low and high pH, the blood changes indicated more complex responses. The changes in hematological parameters of the fish, regardless of the pH and water temperature, indicate ionoregulatory or respiratory disturbances that imply an increase in energy consumption to restore homeostasis instead of other physiological functions such as weight gain and growth.