农民工跨城乡文化传播作用研究

对农民工在城市和农村文化的互动传播中的双向传播进行了研究,结果表明:农民工通过其传播行为在一定程度上影响着传统束缚下的农村社会,然而由于农民工自身的局限性和大众传媒环境的制约,其传播与接收具有一定的混杂性、低层次性和不均衡表现。在此基础上,提出应该充分发挥政府机构的协调管理职能、大众传媒的引领建构作用以及提升农民工的大众传媒素养的对策。     

插入序列ISRso21在青枯雷尔氏菌中的分布以及插入位点多态性分析

插入序列(insertion sequence,IS)元件可以插入到基因或DNA序列,其可能在生物体进化中起着重要的作用。ISRso21是在青枯雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)FJAT-1458菌株中发现的一个新的插入序列。根据序列分析可知,该插入序列是属于ISL3家族中的一个成员。本研究发现,福建闽北地区菌株ISRso21的阳性率高于其他地区的趋势,不同地区的青枯雷尔氏菌ISRso21的分布有显著性差异,ISRso21的分布可能与菌株分离个体的地理来源有关。不仅如此,由于ISRso21在青枯雷尔氏菌插入位点的不同,从而导致青枯雷尔氏菌致病性的差异。研究表明,由于ISRso21的插入导致表现型转换系统转录调控因子A(phc A)的重排可能在青枯雷尔氏菌的致病性起着极其重要的作用。在所有菌株中,ISRso21在phc A基因上游中插入的检出率达到4.71%,其中无致病力菌株和强致病力菌株中的检出率分别为28.57%和0.00%。而ISRso21在二氨基庚二酸脱羧酶基因中的插入可能是为了更好地适应环境。ISRso21在不同致病性青枯雷尔氏菌中的插入位点的研究,可能为揭示青枯雷尔氏菌致病性机制提供新的研究途径。     

种植密度对玉米雌雄穗开花进度及产量的影响

在大田试验条件下，对6种不同种植密度下玉米雌雄穗吐丝散粉进度和产量进行试验研究，结果考明：随种植密度的增大，雌雄穗延迟吐丝散粉，且高峰期重合时间短，不利于花期完成受精作用，穗粒数少，单果穗重，千粒重低，空秆率高，但因有密度优势，收获穗数多，产量反而没有降低。     

基于大众传播理论的农业信息传播供求分析——以河北省农村调研为例

对河北省各地区农业信息供给与需求的现状进行实证研究,分析了农业信息传播中供求双方存在的一系列问题,并结合大众传播理论,提出了河北省＂多元化信息服务＂和＂大众传播与人际传播相结合＂的两种农业信息传播模式,以及农业信息传播供求发展的对策,为有关信息传播机构搞好农业信息服务,缩小河北省经济发展的不平衡,推动农村经济跨越式发展提供依据。     

从传播学角度论述现代医学信息特征与功效

摘要：利用传播学的理论和观点，结合临床医疗活动，从医学信息传

播学的范畴和作用，以及现代医学信息数据处理模式等角度阐述了新世纪现代医学信息学特

征和功效。

 

     

Erwinia amylovora can pass through the abscission layer of fruit-bearing twigs and invade apple fruit during fruit maturation

Invasion of apple fruit by Erwinia amylovora from fruit-bearing twigs through the abscission layer at fruit maturation was examined. Erwinia amylovora (ca. 10⁵ cfu) tagged with bioluminescence genes from Vibrio fischeri was deposited in artificial wounds on fruit-bearing twigs of apple trees grown in a containment greenhouse on September 22, 27, or October 5, 2004. On October 22, 176 apples were harvested and cut horizontally in half. The upper halves were stamped on plates of selective medium, and the lower halves were flooded with iodine solution to assess maturity. All fruit were symptomless and fully mature. The pathogen was recovered from 19 (10.8%) apples. The result showed that if at least ca. 10⁵ cfu of E. amylovora are present in fruit-bearing twigs at the time of fruit maturation, the bacteria can pass through the abscission layer into the fruit, even though the mature fruit lack symptoms.     

Duration analysis of technology adoption effects of dissemination pathways: A case of ‘push-pull’ technology for control of Striga weeds and stemborers in Western Kenya

Since its introduction, the ‘push-pull’ technology (PPT) has been promoted as an innovative approach for addressing yield losses caused by Striga weeds and stemborer infestations on farmers’ maize fields in western Kenya. The technology has been disseminated through different pathways each of which might have different uptake enhancement capabilities. This study was concerned with how different dissemination pathways impacted on farmers’ time to adoption while controlling the effects of selected socio-economic and regional factors. This assessment was necessary in order to recommend which dissemination pathway or combination of pathways that could provide an effective dissemination strategy that speed up adoption, while ensuring continued practice of the technology. Data were analyzed using a parametric (Weibull) functional form to specify time to adoption from the first date of a farmer being aware of the technology. The findings indicate positive duration dependence and a positive rate of change in the adoption process. Field days (FD) had the highest effect on the speed of uptake, followed by Farmer Teachers (FT). Other variables that accelerated adoption were education, household size and high-income level. Gender, Tropical Livestock Units (TLUs), group membership, and district dummy variables had delaying effects on the adoption process. The findings suggest the need to fast track the scale up and uptake of PPT through pathways which allow for interactive information sharing and learning as exemplified through farmer teachers and field days.     

具有社会性别敏感性的农业科技传播模式探索——以项目村夫妻劳动分工为例

"倡导社会性别敏感的参与式科技传播,深化科技入户工程项目"是一个具有社会性别敏感性的农村生计项目。在项目实施过程中,特别关注女性和当今农业女性化实际。以夫妻劳动分工为例,在项目村,家务劳动分工呈现出责任化、层次化、理性化的特点;一般农活中重体力活、对技术要求高的活主要由丈夫承担;在果园劳动方面,妻子承担的份额和丈夫相当;男性村民外出打工的居多。目前,虽然项目村夫妻劳动分工仍然是传统的男主外、女主内模式,但是这种模式已经发生了重大的变化。     

社会网络分析方法及其在农业信息传播中的应用

农业信息传播是建设社会主义新农村的重要途径。笔者基于社会网络分析视角,分析农业信息传播的方式、社会关系对农业信息传播的影响,指出了农业信息传播的发展策略。     

山西省鸟的种类与分布状况及对家禽禽流感的影响

为研究和控制野生鸟类传播禽流感,对山西省鸟类分布情况进行了研究和分析。山西省鸟类物种记录为335种,大约有12.3%的鸟生活在村落附近,10.3%的鸟类生活在农田、水田附近,12.8%的鸟类生活在水域周围,23.5%的鸟类出现在灌木草丛附近,这些鸟类均可与家禽及人类接触,从而传播禽流感病毒;其余41.1%的鸟类生活在山林、悬崖、树林等与家禽接触不到的地方。