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1.
Mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from swine wastewater treatment in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers 下载免费PDF全文
Takahiro Yamashita Ryoko Yamamoto‐Ikemoto Hiroshi Yokoyama Hirofumi Kawahara Akifumi Ogino Takashi Osada 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(3):358-368
Mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from swine wastewater treatment was demonstrated in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers (CF reactor). The CF reactor had a demonstrated advantage in mitigating N2O emission and avoiding NOx (NO3 + NO2) accumulation. The N2O emission factor was 0.0003 g N2O‐N/gTN‐load in the CF bioreactor compared to 0.03 gN2O‐N/gTN‐load in an activated sludge reactor (AS reactor). N2O and CH4 emissions from the CF reactor were 42 g‐CO2 eq/m3/day, while those from the AS reactor were 725 g‐CO2 eq/m3/day. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the CF reactor removed an average of 156 mg/L of the NH4‐N, and accumulated an average of 14 mg/L of the NO3‐N. In contrast, the DIN in the AS reactor removed an average 144 mg/L of the NH4‐N and accumulated an average 183 mg/L of the NO3‐N. NO2‐N was almost undetectable in both reactors. 相似文献
2.
Feeding Solanum glaucophyllum to preparturient multiparous cows prevents postparturient hypocalcemia 下载免费PDF全文
Junichiro Ishii Akifumi Uramoto Yoshikazu Nagao Hisaya Goto 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(10):869-877
Solanum glaucophyllum (SG) contains 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25‐(OH)2D3) glycosides. We investigated the effect of SG on hypocalcemia in cows. Serum levels of 1,25‐(OH)2D3, total calcium and phosphorus dose‐relatedly increased after feeding with SG, while serum magnesium and chloride levels fell (P < 0.05). We also performed an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) infusion to induce artificial hypocalcemia. Cows that had been fed 4.0 mg/kg body weight of SG daily for 2 weeks had a higher serum concentration of total calcium at the end of EDTA infusion than those not fed SG (P < 0.05). In a field trial, multiparous cows were assigned to one of four groups: (1) no SG, (2) 1.3 g or (3) 2.6 g of SG daily from 14 days before the estimated calving day until 3 days after calving, or (4) a single feed of 35.75 g SG at 3 days before the estimated calving day. The concentrations of serum total calcium after the calving in each treatment group were (1) 7.4, (2) 7.9, (3) 8.0 and (4) 8.9 mg/dL and higher for (4) than for (1) (P < 0.05). The data suggests that feeding a high dose of SG before the calving may maintain higher concentrations of serum calcium after the calving. 相似文献
3.
Hotta Y Sato J Sato H Hosoda A Tamura H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(10):5222-5230
A rapid bacterial identification method by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using ribosomal proteins coded in S10 and spc operons as biomarkers, named the S10-GERMS (the S10-spc-alpha operon gene encoded ribosomal protein mass spectrum) method, was applied for the genus Bacillus a Gram-positive bacterium. The S10-GERMS method could successfully distinguish the difference between B. subtilis subsp. subtilis NBRC 13719(T) and B. subtilis subsp. spizizenii NBRC 101239(T) because of the mass difference of 2 ribosomal subunit proteins, despite the difference of only 2 bases in the 16S rRNA gene between them. The 8 selected reliable and reproducible ribosomal subunit proteins without disturbance of S/N level on MALDI-TOF MS analysis, S10, S14, S19, L18, L22, L24, L29, and L30, coded in S10 and spc operons were significantly useful biomarkers for rapid bacterial classification at species and strain levels by the S10-GERMS method of genus Bacillus strains without purification of ribosomal proteins. 相似文献
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Comparison of Ni/Zn Accumulation Ability of Thlaspi japonicum from Three Different Areas in Hokkaido
Takafumi Mizuno Hitoshi Obata Kenji Horie Shiro Nosaka Naoharu Mizuno 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(4):589-594
Thlaspi japonicum is a Japanese Ni-hyperaccumulator plant growing in areas with serpentine soil containing a high level of Ni. In the present study, we investigated the ability of wild Thlaspi japonicum plants inhabiting non-ultramafic soil areas of Hokkaido to accumulate Ni/Zn. Wild T. japonicum plants growing on Rebun Island (Rebun-T) accumulated small amounts of Ni, while the plants cultivated on ultramafic rock soil accumulated large amounts of Ni, like T. japonicum growing on Mt. Yubari (Yubari-T), and this change was also observed for T. japonicum growing on Mt. Tengu (Tengu-T). All the T. japonicum plants transplanted on both ultramaflc soil or Andosol accumulated over 100 mg kg−1 Zn, especially the Ni/Zn content of Tengu-T plants tended to be higher than that of the plants growing in the other two areas. In contrast, transplanting of Yubari-T plants from ultramafic soil with a high level of Ni to soil with a lower-Ni content decrease of the Ni concentration in the leaves. Wild Rebun-T plants showed a smaller biomass than the Yubari-T and Tengu-T plants, and some individuals of the Rebun-T population were smaller than those of the other populations, with tiny radical leaves. Zinc content of the small leaves was not significantly different from that in large leaves. These results suggested that T. japonicum plants are able to accumulate high Ni/Zn accumulation, regardless ecotype, habitat and leaf size. 相似文献
7.
Mizuno A Mitsuiki M Motoki M Ebisawa K Suzuki E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(8):3292-3297
The change in molecular structure of the soy protein samples as a result of the microbial transglutaminase treatment was studied using solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD), and the relation to the glass transition temperature (T(g)) was examined. From NMR measurements, the structure of the local region of the C(alpha) methine was observed to change, and the region had relatively high mobility. From CD measurements, the structural change seemed to be caused by the change in the secondary structure (disintegration of the beta-structure). By comparison with the T(g) of another protein, the state of the secondary structure of a protein was suggested to be a key in determining its T(g). 相似文献
8.
Takuya Mizuno Satoshi Kanbayashi Takumi Okawa Sadatoshi Maeda Masaru Okuda 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(1-2):140-143
The newly discovered cytokine, interleukin-31 (IL-31), belongs to the short-chain cytokine group. It was reported that transgenic expression of IL-31-induced pruritus, similar to atopic dermatitis, in mice, further, excessive amounts of IL-31 was also expressed in the skin from human patients with atopic dermatitis as compared to that from normal people. In this study, canine IL-31 was molecularly cloned from concanavalin A-stimulated canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Canine IL-31 contains 4 alpha-helix structures characteristic of the IL-31 family, and the amino acid identity of canine IL-31 with those of human or mouse is 54% and 28%, respectively. Furthermore, we detected low levels of canine IL-31 in the thymus, testis, spleen, and kidneys, but not in the skin of atopic dogs. 相似文献
9.
C. C. Hwang M. Igase M. Sakurai T. Haraguchi K. Tani K. Itamoto T. Shimokawa M. Nakaichi Y. Nemoto S. Noguchi M. Coffey M. Okuda T. Mizuno 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2018,16(2):229-238
Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel treatment involving replication‐competent virus in the elimination of cancer. We have previously reported the oncolytic effects of reovirus in various canine cancer cell lines. This study aims to establish the safety profile of reovirus in dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours and to determine a recommended dosing regimen. Nineteen dogs with various tumours, mostly of advanced stages, were treated with reovirus, ranging from 1.0 × 108 to 5.0 × 109 TCID50 given as intratumour injection (IT) or intravenous infusion (IV) daily for up to 5 consecutive days in 1 or multiple treatment cycles. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group‐ Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (VCOG‐CTCAE) v1.1 guidelines. Viral shedding, neutralizing anti‐reovirus antibody (NARA) production and immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of reovirus protein in the tumours were also assessed. AE was not observed in most dogs and events were limited to Grade I or II fever, vomiting, diarrhoea and inflammation of the injected tumour. No infectious virus was shed and all dogs had elevated NARA levels post‐treatment. Although IHC results were only available in 6 dogs, 4 were detected positive for reovirus protein. In conclusion, reovirus is well‐tolerated and can be given safely to tumour‐bearing dogs according to the dosing regimen used in this study without significant concerns of viral shedding. Reovirus is also potentially effective in various types of canine tumours. 相似文献
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