云南楤木组织培养快速繁殖试验

利用组织培养技术对云南木进行了组培快繁技术研究。筛选出适合云南木组培各阶段的适宜激素浓度和配比,分别为:启动培养基MS+6-BA 0.18mg/L+IBA 0.4mg/L;增殖培养基MS+6-BA1.2 mg/L+IBA 0.5mg/L;生根培养基1/2MS+IBA 3.0mg/L。并阐明了继代次数与增殖系数和生根率的关系,提出云南木继代次数以8代左右为宜,8代之后应进行生根培养。     

Configuration and development of root systems of cuttings and seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus

Stem cuttings of Eucalyptus globulus are used within tree improvement programs and for mass deployment. To be successful, cuttings must perform as well or better than seedlings. The root systems of cuttings are fundamentally different from those of seedlings. If these differences influence growth, the differences and their consequences must be identified and the propagation system manipulated to improve performance of the propagules.Cuttings are only a viable alternative to seedlings as planting stock if the method of propagation does not affect their growth and development adversely. Full-sibling cuttings and seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus were compared under controlled environmental conditions to minimise extraneous sources of variation, and to establish whether changes in growth or development were induced by propagation. On three occasions over a period of eight weeks root-collar diameter, shoot height, leaf and stem weight, shoot/root ratios and root system morphology were measured on cuttings and seedlings. Seedlings were taller than cuttings throughout the experiment, but both plant types had similar height growth rates. Diameter growth rates were lower in cuttings than seedlings, and there were differences in both height and diameter growth rates between families. Root system configuration differed between the plant types. Seedlings had strongly gravitropic tap-roots, with two types of primary roots from which secondary roots emerged. Cuttings had no tap roots, and the main structural components of their root systems were adventitious roots formed during propagation. Cuttings did not develop further structural roots during the experiment, whereas seedlings continued to develop primary roots. Individual primary roots of cuttings were longer and had larger mid-point diameters than those of seedlings, but the total length of primary roots was greater in seedlings. Seedlings also had a greater number and total length of secondary roots. Shoot/root ratios, calculated from a range of functional measures, were higher in cuttings than seedlings.     

优良保健树大叶冬青组培扩繁的研究

以大叶冬青具节茎段芽体增殖产生试管苗,适宜培养基为MS 1．Oμmol NAA 8．8μmol BA或MS 1．0μmol NAA 9．1μmolZT;幼叶外植体诱导的愈伤组织块转培于WPM 5．Oμmol TDZ 3.Oμmol IAA培养基上,能产生较多不定芽苗(每一愈伤组织块平均产生11．2株);BA对大叶冬青外植体不定芽的处理能产生较好的增殖系数与高生长;试管苗适宜生根处理为：1／4KS 1．Oμmol NAA(或 1．Oμmol IBA);室外移栽成活率达90％。     

Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) somatic embryogenesis II. Maturation of somatic embryos and plant regeneration

Maturation of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) somatic embryos was achieved using two protocols, each starting with a different agar incubation step to deplete plant growth regulators (PGRs) used in previous cultural steps. Strength of maturation medium (single vs. double) was found important in the first protocol to develop normal, mature embryos. In the second protocol, abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations (0, 15 and 30 M) and carbohydrate sources were tested for embryo maturation. Thirty M ABA and 6% maltose were deemed the best combination. Embryo germination was accomplished in a continuously lighted environment and embryos receiving a cold pretreatment (4 °C in darkness for 16 days) germinated better than embryos which did not receive cold pretreatment. With a survival rate of 33% after acclimation in a mist system, more than 25 plants from somatic embryos have been established in a greenhouse. Incompletely germinated embryos (lacking roots) were rooted via adventitious rooting techniques and subsequently established in the greenhouse. All established plants obtained from somatic embryogenesis appear normal in morphology.     

Root distribution ofDactyladenia (Acioa) barteri andSenna (Cassia) siamea in alley cropping on Ultisol. I. Implication for field experimentation

Root observations were carried out on a typic Paleudult in the humid forest zone of south eastern Nigeria in an alley cropping trial usingDactyladenia (Acioa) barteri andSenna (Cassia) siamea as hedgerow trees and the interrow space planted to maize/cassava intercrop. Rooting depth ofD. barteri andS. siamea exceeded 1.6 m. Lateral root propagation ofS. siamea was 15 m, and ofD. barteri was 5 m from the hedgerows. The whole no-tree control plot was within the range of roots of the adjacent hedgerows. Rooting density and depth ofS. siamea in the no-tree control plot was generally higher than of cassava.S. siamea and cassava root density were inversely correlated. Assuming radial symmetry of root propagation, water and nutrients were available from an area 6.1 and 2.3 times larger than the allocated plot size ofS. siamea andD. barteri, respectively. Data obtained in alley cropping trials, not considering lateral root propagation, can be invalidated through exploitation of the no-tree control treatment and nutrient acquisition by hedgerow species from a larger area than allocated, thus underestimating and overestimating the performances of the respective treatments. Possible alternative measures for avoiding root interference are discussed but no good solution can be given.     

几种公路绿化树种的扦插繁殖

根据多年的试验实践，总结出适合于公路绿化的６种乔灌木意杨、银杏、金叶千头柏、蜀桧栀子花和红叶小蘖，并介绍了这些树种的生长特性以及最适宜的扦插繁殖技木，将对今后的公路绿化有一定参考价值。     

巨桉优良无性系组培及区域试验

通过对巨桉11个优良无性系组培快繁研究,结果表明,巨桉外植体诱导以B1为基本培养基添加激素BA 0.4 mg.L-1和NAA 0.1～0.5 mg.L-1,诱导外植体最佳,诱导率可达79%以上;丛芽苗增殖调节培养基中激素浓度和基本培养中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe的浓度配比使其芽体健壮,加快繁殖速度;生根培养以B2为基本培养基添加ABT 0.5 mg.L-1+IBA0.1～0.5 mg.L-1生根率可达80%以上;组培苗移栽基质选用泥炭土和竹炭肥,成活率达90%以上。区域试验表明:巨桉是较理想的速生耐寒桉树树种,可耐寒-4℃左右。     

含河渠的分洪区洪水演进数值模拟

在分洪区内存在河渠的情况下，根据水流在河渠外区域和河渠内运动特点的不同，对已有的分洪区二维水流数学模型进行拓展，建立了相应的数学模型。该模型计算时能考虑河渠两侧有、无堤防两种情况，通过对概化地形的计算，证明了模型的合理性。     

宿主细胞磷酸激酶在新城疫病毒感染中的作用

为探讨磷酸化通路在新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）感染中的作用,使用多种蛋白磷酸激酶抑制剂和激活剂预处理细胞,比较处理后NDV在细胞上生长状况的差异。结果显示NDV在PKC蛋白激酶抑制剂处理的细胞上的生长受到抑制,这种抑制作用能够被PKC蛋白激酶激活剂中和,而PKA蛋白激酶抑制剂和p38MAPK蛋白激酶抑制剂对其影响不大。通过PKC蛋白激酶抑制剂的细胞毒性试验证实,这种抑制作用不是由于药物对细胞的毒性或者因药物加入而改变培养基pH值而造成的。病毒在staurosporine处理的细胞上的生长曲线试验显示,浓度在20~200 nmol/L能对病毒感染产生抑制作用,并且药物浓度越高,上清中病毒的滴度相对越低。本研究结果表明PKC磷酸化通路在新城疫病毒的感染过程中发挥了重要作用。     

中华红叶杨的扦插繁殖技术

中华红叶杨叶片颜色春、夏、秋三季四色,既可以作为彩叶树种又可以作为用材树种,不仅集绿化、彩化、净化多种功能于一体,而且作为速生树种,经济效益显著。中华红叶杨的扦插繁殖技术要点：选地整地、剪取插穗、适时扦插,田间管理措施遵循及时浇水、中耕,松土锄草、摘芽修枝的原则。