丹贝异黄酮对肿瘤的抑制效应

用丹贝异黄酮提取物对携S－180肿瘤的BALB／C小鼠作用，结果丹贝异黄酮提取物高剂量时有30．9％的抑瘤率，并能显著提高荷瘤小鼠的胞腺指数，脾指数和巨噬细胞的吞噬作用。以分离纯的大豆和丹贝黄酮的5个单体染料木素糖苷、大豆苷元糖苷、黄豆黄素苷元、染料木素苷元，大豆苷元（gensitin,daidzin,glycitein,genistein,daidzein)分别作用于乳腺癌MCF－7细胞株，子宫癌HeLa细胞株和卵巢癌HO－8910细胞株，研究各单体对各种癌细胞株的抑制剂和IC50值。结果显示，染料木素在10^-4mol.L^-1时对3株癌细胞均有较高的抑制剂，大豆苷元在10^-4mol.L^-1时对卵巢癌HO－8910细胞株有较强的抑制效果，丹贝异黄酮比大豆异黄酮有更的抑制肿瘤的作用，其中染料木素有更广泛，更强的活性，而糖苷几乎有抑制肿瘤的作用。     

普通烟草IRL基因反义植物表达载体的构建

异黄酮还原酶相似蛋白(IRL)是与异黄酮还原酶具有高度序列同源一致性而功能不同的一类蛋白.通过PCR扩增普通烟草(Nicotiama tabacum)品种龙里红花烟IRL基因的一段特异保守片段NtIRLA,并将其亚克隆到中间载体pCAMBIA2301G中,构建了IRL反义植物表达载体pCAMBIA2301G-IRLA.通过PCR鉴定、酶切鉴定证实载体构建成功,并转化到根癌农杆菌LBA4404菌株中形成工程菌株,为进一步利用转基因手段明确IRL基因在烟草次生代谢中的功能奠定了基础.     

葛根渣固态发酵产异黄酮的研究

葛粉提取工艺中形成的废弃物葛根渣含有一定量的异黄酮。以葛根渣为主要原料，通过黑曲霉菌株的固态发酵，利用微生物产生的木聚糖酶和内切-β-葡聚糖酶（CMC酶）破坏细胞壁的纤维结构，促进异黄酮的溶出。优化后的固态发酵培养基由70％葛根渣和30％麸皮组成，含水量70％。在30℃下发酵120h，总异黄酮提取得率为常规醇提法的1．82倍。HPLC图谱显示：固态发酵后大豆苷元的含量下降，而糖苷型异黄酮的含量明显增加，其中葛根素含量为每克葛根渣含3．97mg，比常规醇提法提高了70％。     

酶法提取葛根渣中异黄酮的研究

葛粉提取后形成的葛根渣含有活性成分异黄酮,将葛根渣的酶法预处理与乙醇抽提工艺相结合,可使异黄酮的提取率明显提高。以10 g葛根渣为原料,当纤维素酶用量为10 FPIU(以每克葛根渣计,下同),处理12 h后,总异黄酮得率可增至1.14%,为常规醇提法的1.36倍;在木聚糖酶用量为300 IU的条件下,处理6 h后,总异黄酮得率1.28%,为常规醇提法的1.52倍。纤维素酶和木聚糖酶之间存在着协同作用:每克葛根渣采用300 IU的木聚糖酶和7.5 FPIU的纤维素酶协同处理6 h后,总异黄酮得率可达1.38%,为常规醇提法的1.64倍。     

Effects of Foliar Application of Elicitors on Red Clover Isoflavone Content

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) contains high concentrations of isoflavones, compounds that have received much interest lately due to their presumed benefits for human health. In this experiment we tested the possibility to induce isoflavone production in the foliage of two greenhouse‐grown red clover cultivars (‘Azur’ and ‘Start’) through the application of elicitor compounds. Foliar applications of different concentrations of acetic acid (50, 100, 250 and 500 mm ), yeast extract (1, 2, 3 and 4 g l^?1), and chitosan (125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg l^?1) were carried out on plants at the late vegetative stage, which were harvested 2 or 8 days after spraying. Concentrations of genistein, daidzein, formononetin and biochanin A were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The two cultivars differed in isoflavone concentrations, ‘Azur’ having on average 36 % higher biochanin A, formononetin and total isoflavone concentrations than ‘Start’ (P < 0.05). A cultivar × sampling date interaction (P < 0.1) reflected a 20 % increase over time in total isoflavone concentration with ‘Azur’, which was not observed with ‘Start’. Effects of elicitors were limited, contrasts indicating overall, 12, 14 and 15 % greater total isoflavone concentration in yeast extract (P < 0.1), chitosan (P < 0.05) and acetic acid (P < 0.05)‐treated plants, respectively, than in untreated control plants. There were few differences between the various elicitors and none between concentrations of each elicitor.     

大豆异黄酮的生物活性及在畜牧生产上的应用

大豆异黄酮是一类从大豆种中提取的植物雌激素类物质,主要包括染料木黄酮、大豆黄酮和黄豆黄素.已发现大豆异黄酮具有多种生物活性,如对肿瘤、心血管疾病、骨质疏松症和更年期综合症预防与治疗作用,作为动物饲料添加剂在畜牧生产中也有一定的应用前景.文章主要从大豆异黄酮的生物活性及在畜牧生产上的应用进行了综述.     

Immunological relationship between the New Zealand A and the Australian T strains of infectious bronchitis virus as measured by cross-immunisation tests in tracheal organ cultures from immunised birds

AIM: To determine if exogenous oestradiol or the phyto-oestrogen genistein could reduce food intake in male and female cats fed ad libitum that had been allowed to accrue excessive bodyfat following neutering.

METHODS: Sixteen adult (eight female, eight male) cats were neutered and allowed to increase their bodyweight (BW) through feeding ad libitum of a complete and balanced dry diet. Oestradiol was injected subcutaneously for 5-day periods in incremental doses (0.25–4 µg per cat), then food intake was recorded, and vaginal cytological changes were observed in females. Similarly, genistein was administered orally for 5-day periods in incremental doses (5–100 mg/kg).

RESULTS: In males and females, both oestradiol (p<0.001) and genistein (p=0.037) significantly reduced food intake during treatment, and the minimum daily doses that produced a significant effect were 0.5 µg and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The minimum daily dose of oestradiol that produced a significant effect on food intake was not associated with changes in vaginal cytology over the 5-day treatment period.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Gonadal oestradiol appeared to be a key modulator of food intake in both male and female cats, and replacement of oestrogen to neutered cats via oestradiol or an oestrogen surrogate such as genistein has potential for reducing the prevalence of obesity in neutered cats.     

多环境条件下大豆异黄酮主要组分的QTL定位

 【目的】利用不同定位方法,对不同环境条件下大豆异黄酮主要组分进行QTL定位研究,为大豆异黄酮分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。【方法】以异黄酮含量有显著差异的鲁黑豆2号（3 697.24 μg•g-1）和南汇早黑豆（1 816.67 μg•g-1）为亲本构建的F5∶7-8重组自交系为材料,分析RIL群体的SSR标记多态性,结合HPLC法鉴定异黄酮主要组分含量。【结果】绘制了一张包含161个多态性SSR标记,全长3 546.54 cM的大豆遗传连锁图谱。利用ICIMapping 3.2软件的ICIM、IM和SMA 3种定位方法,共定位到4种环境下与异黄酮主要组分相关的14个QTL。【结论】3个标记区间在多个环境和多种定位方法下均被检测到,分别是Sat_003—Satt306、Satt070—Satt122和Satt571—Satt270。     

超滤质谱法筛选与人血清白蛋白作用的大豆异黄酮粉中异黄酮成分

以异黄酮标准物质和人血清白蛋白为模型,采用超滤质谱法建立了一种从天然提取物中筛选鉴定活性物质的方法。利用此方法从大豆异黄酮粉提取物中筛选并鉴定了4种能与人血清白蛋白结合的异黄酮物质,验证了该方法的有效性,为筛选出与靶蛋白相互作用的具有生物活性的药物分子提供了新的实验途径。     

菌种对腐乳前发酵过程中大豆异黄酮含量的影响

分别以雅致放射毛霉Actinomucor elegans、五通桥毛霉Mucor wutungkiao和少孢根霉Rhizopusoligosporus．saito为菌种，研究菌种种类及菌种接种量、发酵时间对腐乳前发酵过程中异黄酮含量(质量分数)的影响．结果表明：不同菌种的前发酵腐乳，其异黄酮含量变化有显著差异，少孢根霉前发酵腐乳异黄酮含量较五通桥毛霉和雅致放射毛霉分别高90％和133％．