河北农业大学林学院发展现状及展望

10年以来,河北农业大学林学院在人才培养、科学研究、队伍建设、学术交流、社会服务等方面得到了长足的发展。除了学校的重视和政策支持,林学院将学科建设作为整个学院工作的核心,从学科方向整合到重点学科建设,采取了一系列措施。在河北农业大学建校110周年之际,回顾过去,总结经验,在学科专业建设、师资队伍建设、科研工作与服务能力建设、学术交流取得阶段性成就的基础上,积极谋划未来,切实树立特色铸校、人才强校、质量立校的理念,为建设特色鲜明的高水平区域性大学而努力奋斗。     

盛夏干旱期树盘覆盖的生态效应及其对促进柑桔果实生长的作用

本文定量地建立了两种覆盖方式（盖膜、盖草）下柑桔园土壤湿度增加量、柑桔果径增长速度以及与不覆盖对照的果径增长差的气候生态模型，确定了相应的气候生态指标，揭示了树盘覆盖的生态效应。     

《机械制图》教学探讨

<机械制图>是农业工程工科类学科的一门重要的技术基础课程.在新的形势下,它面临着几个比较突出的问题.笔者对其进行了分析,并在多年实践教学的基础上,提出了自己的见解与解决思路,它在提高教学效率、强化技能训练、增强"标准"意识及知识的教、学系统化方面收到了良好效果.     

In vitro and In vivo Activity of Cyprodinil and Pyrimethanil on Botrytis cinerea Isolates Resistant to other Botryticides and Selection for Resistance to Pyrimethanil in a Greenhouse Population in Greece

No cross-resistance was observed between pyrimethanil or cyprodinil and the fungicides benomyl, iprodione or carbendazim + diethofencarb. In vitro, both anilinopyrimidine fungicides were effective against strains of Botrytis cinerea resistant to benzimidazoles and/or dicarboximides and against a wild type strain insensitive to diethofencarb (EC₅₀ values ranged between 0.03–0.19 and 0.006–0.054gml^–1 for pyrimethanil and cyprodinil, respectively). Preventive applications of anilinopyrimidines completely protected young cucumber plants and fruits that were inoculated with all strains of B. cinerea. The effectiveness of pyrimethanil against grey mould was studied in greenhouse grown tomatoes in relation to (a) the type of infection and the progress of the disease on different plant parts and (b) the response of the naturally occurring B. cinerea population to the selection pressure caused by eight successive applications of this fungicide. Pyrimethanil effectively controlled grey mould on leaves, fruits and stems but did not significantly reduce the number of dead plants and fruits with 'ghost spot' symptoms. The selection pressure caused by the consecutive applications of pyrimethanil resulted in reduction of its effectiveness on leaves that became apparent after the sixth application. This was correlated with a shift of the B. cinerea population (not previously exposed to anilinopyrimidines) towards reduced sensitivity, probably due to the development of a low level of resistance (R _L = 7.7). Pyrimethanil delayed the onset of the disease but it did not reduce the infection rate.     

种子处理对籽瓜细菌性果斑病防治效果的研究

籽瓜细菌性果斑病(Acidovorax avenae subsp.citrulli)是近年来在新疆出现的一种检疫性病害,种子带菌是该病传播的重要方式之一.通过对市售的带有细菌性果斑病的籽瓜种子进行不同温度及不同药剂的处理,经温室种植测定,计算出各种处理方法对籽瓜果斑病的防治效果.结果显示50℃湿热处理30min;60℃干热处理4h,以及2%的HCl处理20min对防治籽瓜细菌性果斑病种子带菌具有良好的效果,各生产单位可以根据实际情况选择合适的方法,以减轻细菌性果斑病的危害和蔓延.     

集体林权改革对乡村治理效用影响的研究

从乡村治理的角度探讨集体林权改革带给林区农村除经济方面以外的其他各方面的效用。论述了林权改革对林区稳定的作用、宣传作用;探讨了林改给林农思想观念与生活方式带来的变化,指出了林改促进了村容村貌以及社保机制的建立;促进了基层组织建设与村民的自治,并且林改催生的林业合作组织同时具有乡村治理的效能。因此得出了结论:集体林权改革对林区农村乡村治理效用存在积极的作用。     

东莞市大岭山森林公园小气候效应调查

对广东省东莞市大岭山森林公园开展了森林小气候的调查，结果表明：大岭山森林公园的环境状况达到了二级标准水平；有林地与空旷地相比，其土壤温度、空气温度的日变化相对平缓，有林地的土壤温度以阔叶成林的最低，幼林的次之。有林地的空气负离子含量明显比空旷地的高，空气中可吸入粉尘质量浓度、空气粒子数均比空旷地的低。大岭山森林公园可作为休憩、娱乐和保健的场所。     

竹炭导电率及高导电率竹炭制备工艺研究

通过对竹炭炭化过程的研究，得出炭化温度，炭化时间是影响石墨化和导电性能的重要因素。实验测定了不同炭化时间与炭化温度下的体积电阻率，含水率和产率，提出了以干馏的方法获取普通的竹炭原料，并通过二次加工制备高导电率竹炭的方法及工艺。     

Performance of ponderosa pine seedlings under four herbicide regimes in northeast Oregon

The herbicide, hexazinone, was applied four ways over ponderosa pine, 2–0 seedlings planted in northeast Oregon. The four treatments were two broadcast applications, a single broadcast application, a large spot application, and a small spot application. Seedling survival and growth were monitored for five growing seasons. Results indicate that survival more than doubled with either large or small spot applications compared to no application, and either one or two broadcast applications can increase survival an additional 30% over spot applications. Differences in stem volume were substantial, with two broadcast applications yielding more than twice the volume of a single broadcast treatment and more than five times the volume of seedlings treated with spot applications. Trees in small spots were still three times bigger than surviving seedlings in the control. These results are consistent with the concept of competition threshold. Management implications were considered in terms of cost of established seedlings. Although broadcast applications cost more per acre than spot applications, gains in seedling survival, growth and quality offset the additional cost and translate into lower established seedling costs. The cost effectiveness of broadcast applications also may be seen in the elimination of replanting or in-planting requirements and increases in long-term growth potential of the established trees.     

电磁屏蔽功能胶合板初探

为了赋予木基复合材料电磁屏蔽功能,在脲醛树脂胶中加入碳、石墨等导电单元,制备3层结构的杨木胶合板,研究不同导电单元对胶合板电磁屏蔽效能的影响.结果表明:导电单元的粒度越小,胶合板的电磁屏蔽效能越好,最大可达22 dB,但相关机理和量化关系还有待于深入研究.