Profiles of changes in physiological parameters of freshwater giant prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, exposed to various dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of 7.75, 4.75, 2.75, and 1.75 mg l−1 are reported. The parameters involved in osmoregulation and oxygen transport were monitored for a 6-day period. Notable depressions in hemolymph osmolality, Na+, K+, and Cl− contents were observed within 24 h after exposure to hypoxia at 2.75 and 1.75 mg O2 l−1, and thereafter remained at rather steady levels, which were significantly lower than those under normoxic conditions (4.75–7.75 mg O2 l−1). The extent of depression of osmotic-related constituents, hemolymph osmolality and Cl− in particular, increased with decreased DO.
Oxyhemocyanin constituted 65.46–65.84% of total hemolymph proteins under the various DO levels examined; both hemolymph oxyhemocyanin and proteins showed notable elevations 24 h after exposure to hypoxic conditions, and reached the highest and constant level by 48 h after exposure. The compensatory responses of prawns to reduced O2 were manifested by increased O2 uptake through augmentation of hemocyanin, which results in enhancement of oxygen binding capacity of the hemolymph. In the same period, a significant surge of the respiratory products, PCO2 and HCO3−, was also demonstrated 6 h after exposure to hypoxic conditions which resulted in hemolymph alkalosis. These processes likely resulted in an increase in water influx and consequent declines in hemolymph osmolality and ion composition. Furthermore, hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis, indicated by increased oxyhemocyanin and pH, respectively, were found to be predominant responses of M. rosenbergii to hypoxic stress. 相似文献
为了探讨烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)血淋巴对白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)的防御机制,利用吉姆萨染色法在光学显微镜下观察烟粉虱3 龄若虫血细胞感染白僵菌后的免疫反应。结果表明:白僵菌的入侵可导致烟粉虱血细胞数量发生改变。体表接种36 h 后,虫体内出现芽生孢子,血细胞数量开始增加,芽生孢子被吸附到浆血细胞表面;接种60 h 后菌丝段吸附到粒血细胞表面;接种96 h 后粒血细胞表面吸附大量菌丝段,此时昆虫体色已经呈现感染症状,说明真菌已经打破了烟粉虱的防御体系,烟粉虱幼虫血淋巴对白僵菌有短时间抑制。 相似文献
The neolignan, burchellin, a natural compound that reduces urine excretion in larvae of the bloodsucking bug, Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of Chagas' disease, is rapidly degraded in the hemolymph of the insect. The main product that accumulates in this tissue has been shown to be piperonyl alcohol. Other catabolites have been identified by GC-MS analysis. 相似文献