母猪高效预混合饲料饲养试验

本试验为考察新研制的４９２５／４９２６母猪系列预混合饲料的饲养效果，在母猪胎次、体况和饲养管理条件下似、基础饲料相同条件下，分别与金牧３８６３／３８６４、康地５７４３／５７４４两种母猪系列预混料进行饲养试验。入试头数分别为２３头、３５头。结果表明：①４９２５／４９２６组较３８６４／３９６４组，窝产活仔数、初生窝重、断奶窝重分别提高０．５头／窝、０．９ｋｇ／窝、４．２５ｋｇ／窝；哺乳期母猪头平少失重     

母猪诱导发情技术

本文就母猪各种诱导发情方法的原理及应用现状进行了概述。认为诱导排卵技术是解决母猪生理性乏情的根本途径。     

如何提高母猪的繁殖能力

分析了造成母猪繁殖能力低的因素主要表现为乏情期长和产仔数低，其次是不孕，流产，产弱仔，产木乃伊胎及死胎等。而繁殖障碍性疾病和饲养管理不当是突出的问题。提出了通过疾病控制和科学饲养来提高母猪繁殖能力的措施。     

氨基酸与母猪营养

母猪饲养是养猪生产中最重要的环节之一。母猪的营养尤其是蛋白质和氨基酸营养不仅直接影响仔猪的生长性能,而且也对母猪的使用年限和繁殖性能会产生很大影响。母猪蛋白质及氨基酸营养受品种、胎次、母猪体况、产仔数、泌乳量、采食量、哺乳期长短等诸多因素影响,增大了母猪氨基酸营养的研究难度。同时母猪个体较大、研究成本高、试验群体偏小、数据采集困难以及试验误差较大等问题也限制了母猪蛋白质及氨基酸营养的系统研究。本文对母猪的氨基酸营养进行综述,旨在为养猪生产实践中母猪日粮的合理配制提供参考。     

母猪批次化生产研发进展

批次化生产是欧美等畜牧业发达国家开发的一种工厂化养猪模式,近年来我国也在逐渐推广应用,它显著提升了猪场生产效率与生物安全,尤其对当前我国非洲猪瘟防控和生猪产能恢复具有重要意义。文章简述了母猪批次化生产的研发历史,并综述了其技术优势、关键技术以及我国目前研发、应用情况,以期提高我国母猪批次化生产水平,促进养猪业转型升级。     

Effects of dietary supplementation of nucleotides from late gestation to lactation on the performance and oxidative stress status of sows and their offspring

Increased metabolic burdens in breeding sows, which are induced by elevated systemic oxidative stress, could increase the need for nucleotides to repair lymphocyte DNA damage; however, de novo synthesis of nucleotides may be insufficient to cover this increased need. This study investigated the effects of dietary nucleotides on milk composition, oxidative stress status, and the reproductive and lactational performance of sows. Forty multiparous sows were assigned to 2 dietary treatments (Control group, and 1 g/kg Nucleotides group) based on a randomized complete block design using their BW at 85 d of gestation as a block. Sows from 2 groups were fed a restricted diet during gestation and ad libitum during lactation. The experiment lasted from 85 d of gestation to 21 d of lactation. The reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of suckling piglets were measured. Oxidative stress parameters and milk components were also analysed. Data were analyzed using contrasts in the MIXED procedure of SAS. Sows in the Nucleotides group consumed more feed during the first week (P < 0.01) and from 1 to 21 d (P < 0.05) of lactation than those in Control group. Correspondingly, the litter weight gain of piglets showed a tendency to increase from cross-fostering to 9 d (P = 0.09) and from cross-fostering to 20 d (P = 0.10) in the Nucleotides group relative to the Control group. Additionally, the Nucleotides group was higher (P < 0.01) than the Control group in the concentrations of uridine 5''monophosphate, guanosine 5''monophosphate, inosine 5''monophosphate, adenosine 5''monophosphate and total nucleotides in milk. Furthermore, the Nucleotides group was higher (P < 0.01) than the Control group in the serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.01) for sows at 109 d of gestation and glutathione peroxidase for weaning piglets, but lower at the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (P < 0.05) in serum of weaning piglets. This study indicated that maternal dietary nucleotides could promote piglet growth, probably due to the higher lactational feed intake and higher concentration of nucleotides in the milk of sows, and lower oxidative stress for both sows and piglets.     

猪卵巢卵母细胞的体外成熟和体外受精

将从屠宰母猪卵巢采得的卵母细胞-卵丘细胞复合体(Oocyte-cumulus Cell Complex.OCC)在含PMSG的M199培养40～44小时,卵丘细胞大部分扩散(86.4％)。48.1％(142/295)的卵母细胞排出第一极体(PBI)。将体外成熟的卵母细胞与体外获能精子授精后30～70小时,80.5％(103/128)的卵母细胞受精并可在体外发育到2～8细胞甚至桑椹胚。本文还对裸卵母细胞的体外成熟和体外受精进行了研究,对体外受精卵的早期发育作了观察。实验结果表明:PMSG对诱导卵丘细胞扩散及卵母细胞的全面成熟有重要作用,在OCC中的卵母细胞成熟率高于裸卵母细胞体外授精后8～10小时将受精卵放入改良KRB液培养可使卵裂比例明显提高。     

猪乳中一组高分子量多态性蛋白质的同源性鉴定

 利用硫酸铵沉淀、凝胶过滤层析和阴离子交换层析等方法从猪乳中分离纯化高分子量蛋白质B (HMWP-B)。 制备兔抗HMWP-B的多克隆抗体，免疫印迹结果表明，不同带型的HMWP之间存在免疫交叉反应，说明该组蛋白具有同源性，为其多态性假说提供了证据。     

Uterine Motility in Sows During Spontaneous Parturition and Induced Parturitions with the PGF Analog Alfbprostol and Oxytocin

Contents: Uterine activity, i.e. myometrial contractions, were recorded in 11 sows prior to and during parturition by using strain gauges placed onto uterine horns about 15 to 20 cm cranial of the bifurcation. Tocographic patterns observed prior to and during spontaneous and alfaprostol induced parturitions were normal. Administration of 20, 10 or 5 I.U. oxytocin 22 hours after alfaprostol quickly initiated abnormal periparturient contraction patterns with 20 and 10 I.U. oxytocin and in one of two animals receiving 5 I. U. These were characterized initially by prolonged tetanic contractions resulting in delayed deliveries, and later by the premature occurrence of patterns seen normally only during the phase of placental expulsions, although not all piglets had been delivered. The importance to use myornetrial activity profiles to evaluate parturition induction methods was stressed .     

母猪繁殖障碍综合征的调查与防治

母猪繁殖障碍综合征是母猪生产的主要疾病,已成为影响养猪场经济效益的主要原因.该文对当地养猪场母猪繁殖综合征的发生流行情况进行调查,分析其临床症状及主要原因,并提出预防与治疗措施.