Methods,Principles and Problems of CGE Model''s Solving

Computable general equilibrium (CGE)model's solving is important for its reseachers . Though there are many softwares to solve the CGE model, it is very important for its reseachers to understand CGE model's solving principle. The paper introduces the methods,principles and problems of CGE model's solving.The software -MATLAB is used to solve CGE Model, and reseach the existing problem of CGE model's solving.     

Descending Dimension Algorithm of Nolinear Programming Problem with Linear Inequality Constraints

The general nonlinear programming with linear constraints was investigated. In the algorithm, the method of contributing set was used. Comparing with the general contributing set method, the descending dimension method was used to solve the sub-problem with equality constraints in iterative procedure and the problem with inequality constraints. The algorithm is effective by the numerical test. Finally, it was proved that the iteration points are descending, when the objective functions are convex.     

游离棉纤维长度的计算机测量

文中介绍了一种棉纤维长度测量的新方法,即用CCD捕获游离棉纤维图像,然后依据数字图像处理及模式识别的理论,建立起一个实际可行的算法,来完成对棉纤维多种长度指标的一次性测量。该算法涉及到数字图像的二值分割、补断、修剪、像素跟踪等几个方面,且针对棉纤维图像的特征,进行了优化。     

采用遗传算法计入摩擦力作用的标准斜齿轮传动模糊可靠优化

传统的齿轮强度理论不考虑齿间摩擦的影响。针对这一观点，该文以渐开线斜齿圆柱齿轮传动的小齿轮齿数、法面模数、螺旋角、齿宽系数为设计变量，以两齿轮的体积之和为最小目标函数，通过应用模糊设计理论和可靠性设计理论，建立摩擦力作用下标准斜齿圆柱齿轮传动的模糊可靠性优化设计的数学模型，并采用遗传算法对其进行优化。研究表明，效果很好。     

The use of a water budget model and yield maps to characterize water availability in a landscape

Crop yield maps may contain substantial corollary information regarding the distribution of yield related soil properties across a landscape. One of these properties is water holding capacity (WHC). Since WHC is an important parameter for crop models and is also critical for crop yield, our objective was to determine if WHC could be estimated by matching simulated yield with yield map data. We collected soil cores for water retention measurements and recorded plant phenological stages from 60 plots on four transects over two growing seasons (1997 and 1998). Soil cores were also sampled on 40 other locations set out on a grid pattern. We utilized a simple water budget model that uses the relative transpiration ratio to calculate relative yield from available water in the soil profile. Rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and soil water holding capacity are input. An optimization program varies the WHC to produce a grain yield similar to the one from the yield map at a particular location. This analysis was carried out over several scales by averaging yields over 55 m×71 m, 27 m×35 m, and 11 m×14 m areas. Yield data from 2 years were used. Yields from the transects in both years were significantly related to measured WHC in the surface 0–10 cm of soil. The calculated stress indices from the water budget model and estimated available WHC calculated for the 1997 data were similar to those calculated for the 1998 data where data were aggregated in 27 by 35 m or larger blocks. The contour map of estimated WHC was similar to the map of measured WHC for some features though there were also some differences. Use of multiple years of yield data are required to give stable results for estimated water holding capacities.. This information could be used in a farm management plan by allowing a producer to classify a field into areas that are buffered against drought and areas more susceptible to drought.     

基于EM算法的图像融合质量评价

为提出一种量化评价经图像融合所产生的结果图像的质量评价方法，采用一种混合瑞利(Rayleigh)概率密度函数(pdfs)对图像边缘强度直方图建模，混合模型中各项的参数和权重通过EM算法迭代估算得到。在建立的混合瑞利概率密度函数模型中，最小参数混合项对应图像的弱边缘，最大参数混合项对应图像的强边缘。因此，取最小参数项的标准方差作为噪声的标准方差估计，实现噪声盲估计；取最大参数项的标准方差作为图像模糊度的定量评价指标。通过估算混合瑞利pdfs模型中的参数变化可以评价图像质量。与其它图像质量评价方法相比，这种方法的最大优点是不需要知道图像构造等细节信息，不需要图像变换，只要有原始图像即可对其进行评价。而且对较小噪声也能较精确地估计。研究表明这个技术很强健，并对要评估的图像依赖很小。     

基于协整理论和VAR模型的河南省环境污染驱动因素研究

[目的]分析河南省环境污染的驱动力机制,为经济发展与环境规划提供理论支撑。[方法]尝试从动态的视角来解读河南省环境污染问题,借助协整分析、误差修正模型、脉冲响应函数和方差分解对河南省环境污染的驱动因素进行分析。[结果]人均GPD,第二产业比重,总人口,外商投资强度以及政府管制水平与环境污染指数存在长期协整关系,且系统存在误差修正机制;脉冲响应函数结果显示,人均GDP,第二产业比重,总人口长期会加剧环境污染,外商投资强度对环境具有微弱地积极影响,政府管制水平对环境影响不明显;方差分解结果显示,总人口是环境污染的主要原因,其次是第二产业比重和人均GDP。[结论]调整人口布局和优化产业结构是河南省未来控制环境污染的发展方向。     

基于SUSAN角点的秧苗列中心线提取方法

中国南方水田环境复杂,不同生长阶段秧苗的形态各异,且田中常出现浮萍及蓝藻,其颜色与秧苗颜色极其相似,因此常用的作物特征提取算法难以应用在水田上。针对这些问题,该文提出一种基于SUSAN角点的秧苗列中心线方法。运用归一化的Ex G(excess green index)提取秧苗的灰度化特征,运用自适应的SUSAN(smallest univalue segment assimilating nucleus)算子提取秧苗特征角点;最后运用扫描窗口近邻法进行聚类,采用基于已知点的Hough变换(known point Hough transform)提取秧苗列中心线。经试验验证,此算法在图像中存在浮萍、蓝藻和秧苗倒影的情况下有较高的鲁棒性。在各种情况下均成功提取秧苗的列中心线,且每幅真彩色图像(分辨率:1280×960)处理时间不超过563 ms,满足视觉导航的实时性要求。     

连栽马尾松人工林土壤肥力比较研究

采用配对样地法,以不同栽植代数(1、2 代)、不同发育阶段(8、15、18、20 a)的马尾松人工林为对象,研究了连栽幼龄林、中龄林土壤肥力的变化情况。结果表明:连栽后,无论是幼龄林还是中龄林,林地土壤密度趋于下降,土壤总孔隙度和含水率则呈上升趋势,林地土壤物理性质得到改善,且中龄林20~40 cm层土壤密度和总孔隙度在1、2代间的差异达显著水平;连栽后,林地土壤全K、全Mg及pH值趋于下降,而有机质、全N、全P、全Ca及速效N、P、K养分均呈上升趋势,且幼龄林0~20 cm层土壤有效P含量以及土壤pH值、中龄林0~20 cm层土壤水解N含量以及土壤全N、有效P、速效K、全K含量在1、2代间的差异达显著或极显著水平。连栽后,幼龄林和中龄林土壤全Fe、Al、Cu、Zn、Mn含量均呈下降趋势,且Mn含量在1、2代幼龄林和中龄林间的差异达显著水平。     

投影寻踪技术在松嫩平原西部水资源可持续利用中的应用

根据松嫩平原西部水资源复合系统的特征和水资源条件,建立了区域水资源可持续利用评价指标体系。应用投影寻踪技术,采用实码遗传算法优化投影指标函数,将方案多维评价指标值综合为一维投影值,根据投影值的大小实现方案的优选。研究表明,投影寻踪技术可以有效地解决权重的人为干扰,通过优化排序实现对评价结果的定量化表征。