植物病毒及脱毒研究之进展

植物病毒是一个极小的微粒.近几十年来,有关植物病毒的研究已取得很大的进展,对某些作物病毒的症状、寄生范围、传播途径、病理现象、鉴定方法及无毒苗培育途径等均已进行了深入的研究.     

Accumulation and Mobility of Salts in Soil as Influenced by Primary Biomethanated Spentwash

A soil column laboratory experiment was carried out at the central campus, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, India during 2008–2009 to study the accumulation and mobility of salts in Typic Haplusterts as influenced by primary biomethanated spentwash (PBSW). The PBSW was applied in three different levels (0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 cm) and then tap water with low salinity and low sodium hazard (C₁S₁ class) was used to carry out leaching in four different levels of water at the pore volume of soil (WPVS) (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0). The electrical conductivity (EC) in the soil increased significantly with increasing levels of PBSW and decreased with increasing levels of WPVS in surface (0–15 cm deep) and subsurface (15–30 cm deep) soil layers. The exchangeable calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), and potassium (K⁺) increased, whereas exchangeable sodium (Na⁺) decreased with increasing levels of PBSW and WPVS in surface and subsurface layers of soil. The organic carbon content increased with increasing levels of PBSW and decreased with increasing levels of WPVS in both the soil layers. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) increased with increasing levels of PBSW and WPVS in both the soil layers. The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) decreased with increasing levels of PBSW and WPVS over the initial values of soil in both the layers. The pH of saturated paste (pHs) was reduced and electrical conductivity of extract (ECe) was increased with increasing levels of PBSW and WPVS in both the layers. The Na⁺ content of saturation paste extract increased significantly with increasing levels of PBSW and WPVS in both the soil layers.     

OK-50特效吸油材料的性能研究

通过试验，将公司自主研发的特效吸油材料OK-50应用于不同的油品吸附中，研究其适用油品种类、吸油量和保油率，得出该材料吸油倍率高，保油率也较高，使用范围较为广泛，应用前景广阔。     

张家山汉简语言研究的回顾与展望

张家山汉墓竹简刊发以来,学术界便掀起了对其研究的热潮,近些年来,关于张家山汉简的研究取得了丰硕的成果,其中在法律思想、制度方面的成果最为突出,同时在研究方法上也有所突破,但相关的语言研究却很滞后.     

藏系绵羊遗传多样性的研究进展

本文系统的论述了藏系绵羊在表型和地域、形态学遗传标记、细胞学遗传标记、生化遗传标记和分子遗传标记等不同方面的遗传多样性研究的概况，说明了藏系绵羊的遗传多样性研究目前仍处于起步水平，因此有必要对藏系绵羊的遗传多样性进行更深入的研究，尤其加强DNA分子水平上的研究。     

魔芋属种质资源研究现状及应用前景

概括和总结了魔芋属植物资源分类及分布特点,介绍了魔芋属植物的生物学特征及生态学研究、国内外魔芋属植物栽培、利用现状,并指出了加强魔芋属种质资源保护及其品质育种的必要性和魔芋属种质资源的研究方向及发展前景。     

Dairy farming financial structures in Hokkaido, Japan and New Zealand

The productivity and financial performance of dairy farms in New Zealand and Japan (Hokkaido) were analyzed. By recomposing the official statistics on the dairy industry relative to Japan, New Zealand has low milk yield productivity per cow, but higher per hectare performance because of their seasonal breeding and pasture grazing systems. In the revenue and expenses analysis, New Zealand had a high cash surplus ratio compared with Hokkaido. In the cost analysis, for expenses on a “per kg of raw milk” basis, New Zealand milk production costs are 29% of those in Hokkaido. More than 60% of the production costs were attributable to feed, interest charges and wages in New Zealand. In Hokkaido, the feed cost alone accounted for 73% of the total cost. There is also a remarkably high interest expenditure in New Zealand caused by non‐subsidized fund procurement from finance organizations. In the financial analysis, New Zealand dairy farms have only approximately 50% of the total assets per cow compared with farms in Hokkaido. But total liabilities per cow in Hokkaido are twofold to threefold greater than in New Zealand. The difference between total assets and total liabilities shows that Hokkaido dairy farmers have an equity that is 50–200% greater than New Zealand dairy farmers. In the management analysis, New Zealand has a low turnover ratio of gross assets caused by the seasonal breeding system. In conclusion, New Zealand has higher per hectare production performance than Hokkaido, but has a low utilization of gross assets caused by a seasonal breeding system based on pasture grazing.     

Auscultation in mild mitral regurgitation in dogs: observer variation, effects of physical maneuvers, and agreement with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography

Observer variation in diagnosing mild mitral regurgitation in dogs by cardiac auscultation was assessed by having 6 veterinarians with different levels of experience examine 57 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Comparisons with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography were made, and the effects of 2 physical maneuvers on the auscultatory findings were evaluated. Using mildly diseased dogs, interobserver agreement in diagnosing the presence or absence of left-sided murmurs ranged from 63% to 88%. The agreement with phonocardiography (range, 53-91%) increased with the amount of observer experience. The 2 most experienced observers could discern soft ejection murmurs from regurgitant murmurs and were able to diagnose 89% of the dogs with regurgitant jets larger than 30% of the left atrial area. In general, less experienced observers diagnosed most jets larger than 50%. In many dogs with small jets, no murmur was found by auscultation and phonocardiography. The audibility of mild regurgitation was significantly reduced in dogs that were difficult to auscultate. Early systolic murmurs were typical of mild regurgitation, whereas holosystolic murmurs typified severe regurgitation. In a few dogs, late systolic murmurs alternated with holosystolic murmurs. Systolic clicks were found phonocardiographically in 18 dogs with mild to moderate regurgitation, but the audibility apparently was low. In many mildly affected dogs, physical maneuvers increased murmur intensity. Thus, some form of dynamic auscultation might facilitate the diagnosis of mild regurgitation. Auscultatory findings in mild regurgitation appear to depend on observer experience, circulatory status, and how difficult the dog is to auscultate.     

涩宁兰输气管道工程进度控制

运用项目工程的控制理论，结合国内管道工程建设的经验，创建了涩宁兰管道工程建设管理模式，从对材料的采办、发放、现场调拔到对进度数据统计分析、预测及计划执行情况进行分析，及时、合理地调配资源，确保月计划的完成，以实现工期控制目标。     

民营企业分化问题研究

中国民营企业存在迅速兴起后大量分化的现象,揭示其根本原因对于民营企业持续发展具有重要意义。从民营企业创业者遵循的价值观对公司治理结构影响因素的分析入手,研究了民营企业的分化机制,得出了民营企业实行“劳动股份制”是产生这一现象的体制原因的结论,并指出了避免分化的改造方向。