Development and validation of an improved enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of thyroglobulin autoantibodies in canine serum samples

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TGAB) in canine serum was developed and validated. The test result for each sample was derived from the optical density readings (OD) and expressed as an Ab-score(%) calculated from three in-house calibrators. The assay specifically detected TGAB as judged from lack of response in the assay after samples had been incubated with specific antigen. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation ranged from 2.0–4.9% and 4.6–9.9%, respectively. The detection limit, an Ab-score of 5.6%, was close to the median Ab-score of 10% observed in healthy dogs (n = 132). The median Ab-score of dogs with primary hypothyroidism and lymphocytic thyroiditis (n = 11), skin diseases (n = 35), and non-thyroidal diseases (n = 63) was 340%, 12%, and 8%, respectively. The prevalence of TGAB in hypothyroid dogs with lymphocytic thyroiditis (sensitivity) was 91% (95% confidence limits: 59%–99%). In dogs with dermatological diseases without lymphocytic thyroiditis the prevalence of TGAB was 3% corresponding to a specificity of 97% (95% confidence limit: 85%–100%). In dogs with non-thyroidal diseases and healthy dogs the prevalence of TGAB was 5% and 6%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of serum TGAB was evaluated by subjecting the data from 11 dogs with lymphocytic thyroiditis and 35 control dogs without lymphocytic thyroiditis to receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (W = 0.966; 95% confidence limit 87%–100%) was significantly higher than that of a worthless test (0.5) (P < 0.0001), thereby indicating that serum TGAB measurements distinguished between dogs with and without lymphocytic thyroiditis.     

青年期及产蛋期绍兴鸭和康贝尔鸭血清促性腺激素释放激素浓度的比较

采用放射免疫分析法 (RIA)测定了不同日龄 (60 ,10 0 ,2 0 0和 380日龄 )绍兴鸭和卡基 康贝尔鸭 (KhakiCampbellDuck)血清中促性腺激素释放激素 (GnRH)浓度 ,试图通过比较不同品种、性别和日龄鸭之间GnRH浓度的变化 ,探讨GnRH与产蛋性能的关系。结果表明 :绍兴鸭和康贝尔鸭母鸭血清中GnRH浓度呈现类似的年龄性变化 ,60日龄时GnRH浓度较低 ,10 0日龄时最高 ,2 0 0日龄时显著下降 ,380日龄时回升至较高水平。公鸭血清中GnRH浓度的年龄性变化与母鸭相似 ,10 0日龄时最高 ,2 0 0日龄时最低     

禽胰多肽粗品对肉鸡生长及血液生长激素、甲状腺激素水平的影响

1日龄粤黄鸡128只 ,随机分为4组 ,在饲喂相同日粮的条件下 ,Ⅰ组饲饮自来水为对照组 ,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组饲饮禽胰多肽(APP)粗品溶液 ,剂量分别为0.58、1.16和2.32mg/只 d。试验期84d。结果表明 :(1)84日龄时 ,各试验组鸡只平均体重均高于对照组 ,其中Ⅱ组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)70日龄时 ,各试验组血浆GH水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05) ;(3)56日龄时 ,Ⅱ组血浆T4 浓度、Ⅲ组T3 浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。提示APP粗品可促进肉鸡生长 ,提高血液中GH、T4 和T3 的含量。     

The regulation of mycorrhiza formation— carbohydrate and hormone theories reviewed

Two “classical” theories, both originating in Elias Melin's laboratory in Uppsala, have tried to explain the regulation of ectomycorrhiza formation. The carbohydrate theory, formulated by E. Björkman in 1942, identifies root carbohydrate concentrations as regulatory, while these are in turn considered to be strongly influenced by plant mineral nutrition and light conditions. The hormone theory, expounded by V. Slankis in the 1960s, claims auxin of fungal origin to be the key regulator, influencing root carbohydrate status, while the fungus itself may, to some extent, be affected by mineral nutrition. Both theories have been subject to much discussion and have led to further work, without ever having been conclusively proven experimentally. Recent results in Uppsala and elsewhere have shed new light on several of the key issues. The development of research in this field since 1942 is critically reviewed in light of later data, and a unifying theory is sketched on the basis of E. Hacskaylo's proposal from 1969 to reconcile contradictory results.     

不同波长光照对开产初期母鸡间脑c-fos基因表达的影响

为深入了解不同波长光照对母鸡生产性能的影响机理,用c-Fos法探讨了母鸡间脑对不同波长光照的反应,同时检测GnRH免疫反应神经元的动态变化。将150日龄母鸡右眼遮光7 d后接受20 lx的不同波长光照刺激1.5 h,暗适应1.5 h后灌流固定,取脑制作石蜡切片,采用免疫组化方法检测Fos蛋白和GnRH样免疫反应阳性神经元在间脑的分布。结果显示,不同波长光照均影响c-fos基因表达和GnRH的释放,绿光组和蓝光组的表达均高于红光组。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对奶牛超排效果及血液指标的影响

本研究旨在探讨饲喂N-氨甲酰谷氨酸（NCG）对奶牛超数排卵效果及血液生化指标的影响。选取荷斯坦育成牛16头，随机分为2组，每组8头，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮的基础上饲喂20 g/（d·头）的NCG，采用连续4 d递减注射FSH法测定NCG饲喂时间对供体牛超排效果的影响，分别在3次超排处理的第0、5、9天采集尾根静脉血测定激素指标及血清生化指标。结果表明，①NCG饲喂20 d时（第1次超排），试验组头均回收胚数、可用胚数、退化胚数、未受精卵数与对照组相比差异均不显著（P>0.05）；NCG饲喂50 d时（第2次超排），试验组头均回收胚数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；NCG饲喂80 d时（第3次超排），试验组头均可用胚数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；综合考虑3次超排效果，试验组头均回收胚数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。②NCG饲喂时间对供体牛血清中促卵泡素、促黄体素、孕酮、雌二醇的浓度均无显著影响（P>0.05），说明NCG饲喂时间对奶牛生殖激素的分泌无影响或为次要影响因素，超排效果的变化与生殖激素变化无明显的关联作用。③NCG饲喂时间对供体牛血清中谷草转氨酶的浓度无显著影响（P>0.05）；在NCG饲喂13 d时，试验组供体牛血清中葡萄糖浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；在NCG饲喂34 d时，试验组供体牛血清中尿素氮浓度显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；在NCG饲喂43和69 d时，试验组供体牛血清中一氧化氮浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综合考虑，在重复3次超排时，每头供体牛每天饲喂20 g NCG，可提高3次连续超排的回收胚数4.98枚及可用胚数1.8枚，进而降低胚胎的生产成本。     

生长激素分泌规律的研究概况

围绕生长激素在正常生理状况下的分泌方式，探讨了采食、品种、年龄、性别等因素对生长激素分泌的影响，并对生长激素正常分泌的调节进行了讨论。     

在新农村建设中发展农村少儿图书馆事业

阐述了新农村建设中发展农村少儿图书馆(室)的意义、农村少儿图书馆(室)的现状及原因,以及如何发展农村少儿图书馆(室)、解决农村少儿看书难问题的措施。