花生中UDP-glucosyltransferase基因的克隆及在非生物胁迫下的表达研究

通过RACE技术从花生叶片cDNA中克隆到了UDP-glucosyltransferase基因,命名为AhUGT83A1-like （Genbank注册号为KF411463）。该基因全长为1 530bp,ORF为1 380bp,编码460个氨基酸。序列比对与进化分析结果表明,该序列有保守的UDPGT结构域,并且与其它植物的UGT蛋白同源性较高。荧光定量PCR结果表明,AhUGT83A1-like基因在高盐和低温处理的花生根和叶片中均上调表达;在干旱处理时,根中表达也受到显著上调,但叶片中表达量则有明显下降。以上结果表明AhUGT83A1-like可能参与了花生对干旱、低温和高盐的抗性调控。ABA处理结果表明,AhUGT83A1-like在花生根中对ABA响应明显,但在叶片中对ABA没有明显响应,表明该基因在花生根中对非生物胁迫的调控可能是以依赖ABA的方式发挥作用的。?     

抗稻瘟病水稻三系不育系广抗13A的高产繁殖技术

广抗13A系福建省三明市农科院选育而成的广谱抗病籼型三系不育系,具有抗稻瘟病、开花习性好、异交率高等特点。总结了其主要高产繁殖技术:培育壮种,合理移栽,加强本田管理。     

Two New Cytotoxic Indole Alkaloids from a Deep-Sea Sediment Derived Metagenomic Clone

Two new indole alkaloids, metagenetriindole A (1) and metagenebiindole A (2), were identified from deep-sea sediment metagenomic clone derived Escherichia coli fermentation broth. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The two new indole alkaloids demonstrated moderately cytotoxic activity against CNE2, Bel7402 and HT1080 cancer cell lines in vitro.     

Endotoxin Structures in the Psychrophiles Psychromonas marina and Psychrobacter cryohalolentis Contain Distinctive Acyl Features

Lipid A is the essential component of endotoxin (Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide), a potent immunostimulatory compound. As the outer surface of the outer membrane, the details of lipid A structure are crucial not only to bacterial pathogenesis but also to membrane integrity. This work characterizes the structure of lipid A in two psychrophiles, Psychromonas marina and Psychrobacter cryohalolentis, and also two mesophiles to which they are related using MALDI-TOF MS and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) GC-MS. P. marina lipid A is strikingly similar to that of Escherichia coli in organization and total acyl size, but incorporates an unusual doubly unsaturated tetradecadienoyl acyl residue. P. cryohalolentis also shows structural organization similar to a closely related mesophile, Acinetobacter baumannii, however it has generally shorter acyl constituents and shows many acyl variants differing by single methylene (-CH₂-) units, a characteristic it shares with the one previously reported psychrotolerant lipid A structure. This work is the first detailed structural characterization of lipid A from an obligate psychrophile and the second from a psychrotolerant species. It reveals distinctive structural features of psychrophilic lipid A in comparison to that of related mesophiles which suggest constitutive adaptations to maintain outer membrane fluidity in cold environments.     

Cytotoxic and Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of Triterpene Glycosides from Holothuria scabra and Cucumaria frondosa against HepG2 Cells

The cytotoxic effects of thirteen triterpene glycosides from Holothuria scabra Jaeger and Cucumaria frondosa Gunnerus (Holothuroidea) against four human cell lines were detected and their cytotoxicity-structure relationships were established. The apoptosis-inducing activity of a more potent glycoside echinoside A (1) in HepG2 cells was further investigated by determining its effect on the morphology, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψ_m) and mRNA expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes. The results showed that the number of glycosyl residues in sugar chains and the side chain of aglycone could affect their cytotoxicity towards tumor cells and selective cytotoxicity. 1 significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. 1 also markedly decreased the Δψ_m and Bcl-2/Bax mRNA express ratio, and up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 in HepG2 cells. Therefore, 1 induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway. These findings could potentially promote the usage of these glycosides as leading compounds for developing new antitumor drugs.     

ALA和MgSO_4处理对红掌光合特性及干物质积累的影响

以‘热情’红掌幼苗为试材,单独或混合喷施300 mg/L ALA和5 g/L Mg SO4,研究ALA和Mg SO4对幼苗光合特性及干物质积累的影响。结果表明,ALA和Mg SO4无论是单独处理还是共同处理,均可显著或极显著提高红掌叶片的叶绿素含量、叶绿素a的比率、净光合速率、叶片气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、水分利用率、瞬时羧化效率、干鲜比(干重/鲜重)以及电子传递到QA-下游的其他电子受体的概率,降低气孔限制值。其中以ALA和Mg SO4混合处理的效果最佳,该处理的叶绿素含量比对照高20.53%,净光合速率比对照提高1.58倍,差异均达极显著水平。由此可见,ALA和Mg SO4混合处理能更有效提高红掌光合性能,促进干物质的积累。     

红树林秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤混交生长效果研究

在海滩涂上栽培秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤,经过11a的经营管理,对红树林秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤林木的生长量进行调查分析。结果表明：红树林秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤混交林的林木生长,均比秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤纯林的林木生长效果好。混交林生长的林木树高、胸径、枝下高、树冠,分别比纯林林木生长的树木高大7．69％、7．5％、11．1l％,胸径粗2．17％、11．41％、6．67％,枝下高大2．01％、10．95％、8．57％,冠幅大5．00％、10．53％、13．50％。红树林秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤林木在浅潮位生长,比中潮位林木生长效果好,支柱根大、板状根系发达,吸收海水污染物强,能将盐类物质通过叶片光合作用排到植物体外,可去氮和磷等污染物,净化海边环境,防浪护堤,防止海岸侵蚀,起到保护生态环境作用。     

西藏墨竹工卡积雪时空分布特征分析

利用MODIS10A2积雪产品数据（2001～2013年）对西藏墨竹工卡县积雪的时间变化及其空间分布特征进行分析,结果表明,西藏墨竹工卡地区墨竹工卡98.62％的区域积雪持续日数是不超过180d;积雪随着海拔升高,持续天数也在增加;积雪覆盖率年际变化趋势不明显,但季节性差异大.     

用VB从A文件提取雷电资料并写入EXCEL表

做雷电研究需要地面气象数据资料,而现有的地面气象资料以文本形式存在,无法进行数据查询、统计、计算等,因而不能满足雷电统计及相关性分析的需求。为了解决此问题,利用Visual Basic 6.0编程实现了自动从地面气象观测数据文件(简称为A文件)中提取雷暴等所需数据并写入Excel表的功能,提取结果可按单站、单要素输出,从而为雷电研究提供了可操作的基础气象数据,为雷电服务工作提供了便利。     

感光型杂交稻不育系博A的创新与应用

回顾感光型杂交稻不育系博A的选育过程,博A在配组感光型杂交稻品种上的广泛应用和显著成绩,以及其恢复系博B在培育新不育系博ⅡA、博ⅢA、西A上的应用,并提出对博A进行更高层次研究与利用的思路.