香石竹组培变态苗的酯酶和过氧化物酶的研究

本文对香石竹正常组培苗和变态苗的过氧化物酶和酯酶活性及其同工酶进行比较研究。结果表明变态苗的这两种酶活性变化不大 ,但茎叶两器官均有过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶丢失现象。外部形态上的变态现象同分子水平上酶的变化密切相关。     

RAPD和酯酶同工酶技术在香菇杂交育种中的应用

利用ＲＡＰＤ和酯酶同工酶技术研究了６个香菇品种间的遗传差异和亲缘关系。通过聚类分析发现，类间组合杂种优势强，类内组合杂种优势弱，因此，杂交亲本应选择不同类的菌析不同类的菌。通过单孢杂交和出菇试验发现，杂交子代酶谱出现“互补型酶带”和“杂种新酶带”，杂交后代杂种优势强，容易选出优良品种。     

栽培稻籼,粳交F1杂种优势与同功酶表达

水稻杂种优势的表现,前人已作过部分研究,初步的结论是:水稻的杂种优势具有遗传多样性。那么,灿、粳交F_1代杂种优势有哪些特点呢?本文拟讨论这个问题。 1 材料和方法 1984年组成珍汕97×城堡_2、桂朝_2×城堡_2、珍汕97×密阳_(23)桂朝_2×密阳_(23)桂朝_(13)×密阳_(23)、川新糯×密阳_(23)等6个杂交组合。密阳_(23)是南朝鲜用籼梗交育成的偏籼型品种,城堡_2是日本用籼粳交育成的偏粳型品种。杂交时     

利用EST同工酶谱鉴定黑稻品种纯度的研究

采用改进的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对5种黑稻主要栽培品种进行了EST同工酶谱分析.结果表明,此方法分辨率高.测试各品种的EST同工酶存在丰富的多态性,其电泳图谱具有鲜明的特征,并构成了各自的＂指纹＂.其中黑优粘和云黑酶谱条带数多达15条,a1和a3为5个品种的共有谱带.通过EST同工酶谱相似度指数分析,黑优粘与黑丰糯、乌贡1号相似度指数大于0.75,说明这3个品种间亲缘关系较近.     

Genetics of Five Seed Esterase Isozymes in Pearl Millet

Inheritance and linkage relationships of pearl millet seed esterase isozymes were studied using; polyacrylamide dise: gel electrophoresis and α-naphthyl acetate as substrate. The Zone of enzyme activity was resolved into five bands. The presence of a band showed complete dominance over its absence. Each one of the bands (1 to 4) was under the control of a single gene. Band five was found to be controlled by three independent loci with duplicate gent action Loci for Est₁, Est₃ and Est₄ Were found to be linked. Est₂ Was independent of this linkage group.     

普通小麦和华山新麦草及其属间杂种F_1同工酶分析

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对普通小麦和华山新麦草及其属间杂种 F_1的三叶期叶片、拔节期叶片、剑叶、幼穗和幼根进行了酯酶同工酶分析。结果表明,不同器官及同一器官的不同发育时期酯酶同工酶酶谱表型有明显差异。普通小麦和华山新麦草就同一器官、同一发育时期相比,酶谱差异较大,佐证了普通小麦和华山新麦草间亲缘关系较远。     

Ⅱ优63及其亲本酯酶同工酶电泳分析

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析Ⅱ优63及其亲本Ⅱ-32A和Ⅱ-32B稻苗的酯酶同工酶表明:萌发生长10～18天的Ⅱ优63稻苗中具活性渐强的特征带17A(Rf=0.745),而其亲本均无此带。     

Could early gene flow have created similar allozyme-gene frequencies in cultivated and wild barley?

The possible role of early gene flow between wild and cultivated barley in their similar esterase gene frequencies was tested in a simulation study. The hypothetical population consisted of 99.9% wild forms possessing three alleles of an esterase gene and 0.01% domesticated forms possessing one of these esterase alleles. Various rates of inbreeding, selection coefficients against the wild form and shifting cultivation methods were tested for their effect on the establishment of the domesticated form and the esterase gene flow between the two barley types. Of these factors, inbreeding rates, in the range of 90–99%, had the smallest effect on the establishment of the domesticated form under primitive cultivation. Via gene flow, the esterase allelic frequency in the domesticated form could be similar to that of the wild form under 90% outcrossing in the domesticated form for 115–230 years, an unrealistic situation for barley which normally exhibits about 1% outcrossing. It seems, therefore, that the similar esterase allelic frequencies in wild and cultivated barley is only partly due to gene flow, and it is more plausibly accounted for by multiple domestications.     

白灵菇亲本及诱变杂交子代菌丝生长及酯酶同工酶分析

对1个诱变亲本和7个诱变后的杂交菌株进行菌丝长速、生长势及酯酶同工酶比较。结果表明:白灵菇紫外诱变杂交品种间有一定的差异性,YY1129和YY1132在生长速度和长势方面都优于亲本白灵9号;其酯酶同工酶分析说明它们的杂种优势较强,可作为优良的资源利用。     

温度对苦皮滕麻醉成分毒力的影响

生测结果表明,温度对杀虫植物苦皮藤麻醉成分的毒力有显著影响,在试验温度范围内,毒力随温度升高而降低,即苦皮藤是具有负温度系数的杀虫剂。温度升高,昆虫体内酯酶活性增加,解毒作用加强,这可能是产生负温度系数的主要原因。