中空纤维管式超滤分离麦草碱提取液水溶性木质素-碳水化合物复合体

用溶剂抽提法分离出含钠盐及低相对分子质量(Mr)物质的麦草常温碱提取水溶性木质素-碳水化合物复合体(LCC)级分,采用中空纤维管式超滤技术定量去除LCC中钠盐及低Mr(＜1000)物质等杂质.研究结果表明,在超滤压力为0.10 MPa、超滤浓度为0.5%(以质量分数计)的条件下,水溶性LCC经10次循环超滤后,其中钠盐及低Mr物质得到了有效去除,分离得到高得率、高纯度、富含碳水化合物的水溶性LCC级分.     

Isolation and Purification of Bovine Colostrum slgA and IgG

To further utilize bioactive substance such as bovine colostrum sIgA and IgG, sIgA and IgG were isolated and purified simultaneously by salting out, ultrafiltration and gel chromatography, etc. The analysis of results were showed quantitatively by nonhydrogenized SDS-PAGE, and quanlities of sIgA and IgG were respectively detected by Western Blot. The results showed that the purity and yield of bovine colostrum sIgA were 85.3% and 42.8%, respectively, while the purity and yield of bovine colostrum IgG were respectively 97.2% and 64.4%. This preparative method provides theoretical and experimental foundation for sIgA industrial production.     

超滤法加工西瓜澄清汁的初步研究

用３种不同孔隙度的膜进行西瓜汁超滤试验,测定了超滤速度,以及膜的再生性能。鉴定了产品的营养成分与感官指标,重点研究了超滤技术的除菌效果。结果表明,采用超滤技术生产西瓜澄清汁具有品质优、效率高、成本低,操作简便的特点;西瓜汁的超滤以选用 ＧＲ６１膜比较适合。      

中空纤维超滤澄清果汁时浓差极化现象的产生原理及对策

本文阐述了中空纤维超滤膜澄清果汁时浓差极化现象的产生原理,并从正反向进料,加压及反冲等方面分析了对策 。     

超滤质谱法筛选与人血清白蛋白作用的大豆异黄酮粉中异黄酮成分

以异黄酮标准物质和人血清白蛋白为模型,采用超滤质谱法建立了一种从天然提取物中筛选鉴定活性物质的方法。利用此方法从大豆异黄酮粉提取物中筛选并鉴定了4种能与人血清白蛋白结合的异黄酮物质,验证了该方法的有效性,为筛选出与靶蛋白相互作用的具有生物活性的药物分子提供了新的实验途径。     

Effect of modified ultrafiltration on cytokines and hemoconcentration in dogs undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass

Cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) generates severe inflammatory reactions secondary to hemodilution and surgical stress. This study was conducted to evaluate whether modified ultrafiltration (MUF) could be performed safely and to clarify its effects during mitral valve repair in dogs in terms of hemodilution and the status of inflammatory cytokines. We retrospectively studied 38 dogs with mitral valve disease who underwent MUF immediately after mitral valve repair under CPB. To determine the effect of MUF, we measured the pre- and post-MUF blood dilution and blood cytokine levels. The levels of red blood cells, hematocrit (HCT), and albumin were significantly increased after MUF, whereas interleukin (IL)-6 levels were significantly increased from 24.3 (range 9.6–54.6) to 32.3 (15.9–65.1) pg/ml. The levels of IL-8 and IL-10 declined significantly after MUF, from 368.2 (246.1–669.4) and 45.4 (28.6–76.1) to 272.2 (174.1–414.4) and 28.8 (18.8–44.5) pg/ml, respectively. Our results demonstrated that MUF can be applied in dogs undergoing CPB and is effective in achieving hemoconcentration. Moreover, MUF may be useful for the removal of cytokines. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and clarify the effects of inflammatory cytokines after CPB.     

柿子单宁的制备及其抗氧化活性研究

利用含有1％盐酸的无水甲醇提取柿子果肉中的单宁，粗提液经大孔树脂AB-8初步纯化后，再经超滤膜法制得柿子单宁两级分：高分子量单宁(High Molecular Weight Tannin，HMWT)以及小分子量单宁(Small Molecular Weight Tannin，SMWT)。HMWT具有良好的水溶性，凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析表明其分子量分布范围为1.16×10⁴～1.54×10⁴。抗氧化试验表明：HMWT对2-脱氧-D-核糖、甲基紫、水杨酸体系产生的羟基自由基均具有很强的清除能力，其最大清除率分别为90.47%、96.46%、87.77%，；HMWT对邻苯三酚自氧化和亚油酸脂质过氧化亦有较强的抑制作用，其最大抑制率分别为56.57%、69.63%。在所有体系中HMWT抗氧化能力呈明显的剂量效应关系，且效果均强于相同浓度的葡萄籽原花青素(OPC)及SMWT，同时表明HMWT是柿子单宁的主要抗氧化活性组分。     

超滤对水飞蓟蛋白酶解物抗氧化活性的影响

采用超滤法从水飞蓟蛋白酶解物中初步分离纯化抗氧化活性肽,考察操作压力、操作温度及酶解物质量分数对超滤过程中膜通量的影响,并对超滤前后水飞蓟蛋白酶解物的抗氧化活性进行比较结果表明:采用截留相对分子质量5 000的聚醚砜膜对水飞蓟蛋白酶解物进行超滤分离的最适工艺条件为操作压力0.1 MPa、操作温度25℃、酶解物质量分数2...     

苹果皮渣再生利用——果胶提取技术的研究

实验以苹果加工中的果皮渣为原料,研究了原料处理、酸提取条件、提取液纯化及超滤浓缩等方法制备果胶的工艺。苹果皮渣应在12 h 内及时提取,加入3倍重量水,在 pH 2,95℃下保温浸提1 h,经过滤分离、浓缩,干燥制得果胶粉。超滤浓缩可同时完成去杂、浓缩两个过程,优于真空浓缩,与喷雾干燥,醇沉淀结合应用,可制备高质量果胶粉。     

绿豆芽超氧物歧化酶的纯化及性质研究

采用硫酸铵析，超滤，ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈｄｅｘＡ－５０柱层析，从绿豆芽中提纯了超氧物歧化酶，酶的纯化程度达到每ｍｇ蛋白含３１９４．７Ｕ，总酶活回收率为３８．９纯化倍数为３０．７，酶理化性质研究表明，所得酶在２７０ｎｍ紫外光区有一吸收峰；聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示２条谱带，氨基酸分析表明含３０８个氨基酸残基，在６０℃处理４０ｍｉｎ，酶活损失很小，在ｐＨ２～１１范围活性稳定，ＫＣＮ，ＥＤＴＡ对酶活性具抑制作