猪胴体淋巴结中金黄色葡萄球菌的分离与鉴定

随机采取西宁市某生猪屠宰场猪胴体淋巴结60份,进行细菌常规分离培养,结果分离出金黄色葡萄球菌菌株40株,表明该批猪胴体中的金黄色葡萄球菌带菌率可能较高,应引起有关部门的重视。     

栉孔扇贝消化盲囊亚细胞组分分离与鉴定技术

采用匀浆、差速离心、镜检和标志酶测定等方法,研究了栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)消化盲囊亚细胞组分分离与鉴定技术。结果显示,经Hoechst33258染色,在匀浆2min对照组中,观察到大量栉孔扇贝消化盲囊完整细胞,呈圆形或椭圆形,细胞膜完整,荧光强度较高;在匀浆3、4、5 min实验组中,完整细胞数目逐渐减少,且出现许多形态较小、荧光强度弱、轮廓模糊的细胞碎片。通过血球计数板法得到的细胞破碎结果与上述染色结果一致,随着匀浆时间(2~5 min)的增加,细胞破碎率升高,当匀浆时间达到5 min时,细胞破碎率升至94.24%。利用Hoechst 33258染色栉孔扇贝消化盲囊亚细胞分离组分(S2、C2、C4、S5和C5),镜检发现,C2组分荧光强度最强,荧光颗粒数目多,而其他组分荧光强度弱,且基本观察不到荧光颗粒。由此推测,细胞核主要存在于C2组分中;同时,细胞膜(5’-核苷酸酶)、线粒体(琥珀酸脱氢酶)、细胞质(乳酸脱氢酶)和微粒体(葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶)标志酶活力在其他亚细胞组分中有少量检出,但它们在S2、C4、S5和C5组分中的的标志酶活性比例较高(分别为63.90%、64.89%、77.82%和67.55%)。由此推测,S2、C2、C4、S5和C5分离组分分别为细胞膜、细胞核、细胞质、线粒体和微粒体。本研究成功构建了栉孔扇贝消化盲囊亚细胞组分分离与鉴定技术方法,为贝类生理机制研究提供技术支持。     

盐酸解离对果蝇唾腺染色体解聚与制片效果的影响

盐酸解离是果蝇唾腺染色体制片中的关键步骤,研究了盐酸浓度与处理时间对染色体解聚合与制片效果的影响.解离不充分时,压片后唾腺染色体仍团聚在一起;解离过度时,染色体结构受损,二者都达不到制片的要求.用2 mol/L盐酸处理20 min或者用3 mol/L盐酸处理15 min,染色体解聚适度,染色体分散,染色体臂及横纹均清晰可见,制片效果理想.用3 mol/L盐酸解离,所需时间短,更适合于制片观察.     

Bauhinia candicans stimulation of glucose uptake in isolated gastric glands of normal and diabetic rabbits

A butanol extract of dried leaves of Bahuinia candicans showed, in vitro, a stimulatory effect of glucose uptake in isolated gastric glands of normal and alloxan-diabetic rabbits. The extract (0.001-0.07 mg/mg protein) produced a dose-dependent effect and was similar to the effect of insulin (1-100 nM). These findings suggest that the extract contains compound(s) that efficiently increase glucose transport at the basolateral side of isolated gastric glands.     

四溴联苯醚对菲律宾蛤仔组织解毒代谢基因表达的影响

菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)样本壳高(2.76±0.18)cm,壳长(4.11±0.22)cm;四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)梯度设置为0.25、6.25μg/L,以海水组为对照,取样测定时间为0、1、3、6、10、15和21 d。结果表明:BDE-47对菲律宾蛤仔鳃丝和消化盲囊AhR、CYP4、GST-pi和Pgp mRNA表达影响显著(P<0.05),而对照组无明显变化。在实验时间内,各处理组鳃丝和消化盲囊AhR基因表达呈峰值变化,分别于第6天、第1天时达到最大值和最小值,然后恢复至对照组水平;各处理组组织CYP4和GST-pi基因表达均呈峰值变化,分别于第3天、第1天达到最小值和最大值,其中消化盲囊CYP4基因表达在3 d后保持稳定,且被显著抑制,而组织GST-pi基因表达则在6d后趋于稳定,0.25、6.25μg/L处理组表现为高于和低于对照组水平;各处理组鳃Pgp基因表达在实验时间内呈峰值变化,分别于第1天、第10天达到最大值,均显著高于对照组水平,而0.25、6.25μg/L处理组消化盲囊Pgp基因表达在21d内分别呈逐渐升高和峰值变化,6 d后表现为被诱导和抑制。由此可见,菲律宾蛤仔在BDE-47胁迫下组织解毒代谢基因表达均被显著诱导或抑制,其中GST-pi基因在低浓度处理组被诱导,高浓度组被抑制,表现出明显的时间效应性,可作为BDE-47污染评价的生物效应指标。     

荣昌猪唾液腺全长cDNA文库的构建及ESTs分析

【目的】构建荣昌猪唾液腺全长cDNA文库,并进行部分表达序列标签(ESTs)的测序及分析,为荣昌猪种质资源的保存、开发和挖掘提供重要的分子信息。【方法】以14日龄荣昌猪仔猪为材料,取其唾液腺,采用SMART法构建唾液腺全长cDNA文库,并进行ESTs测序、注释及功能分析。【结果】初级文库滴度为5.88×106PFU/mL,重组率为99.67%,大部分插入片段长度为400~2 000bp。共获得144条有效ESTs序列,共计108条非重复序列,包括23个重叠群和85个单一序列,77(占71.29%)条序列为已知功能基因,31(占28.71%)条为未知功能序列,其中18条为新基因。GO分类和KEGG途径分析结果显示,荣昌猪唾液腺表达基因功能主要包括细胞成分、分子功能和生物学过程3个类群。在细胞成分类群中,细胞外的成分所占比例最高;在分子功能类群中,酶抑制剂活性所占比例最高;而在生物过程类群中,以转运和定位等过程最突出。表达的基因主要参与补足物和凝固级联、百日咳、加压素调控的水再吸收及味觉传导等代谢途径。【结论】成功构建了荣昌猪唾液腺全长cDNA文库,解析了荣昌猪唾液腺的表达特征。     

Spontaneous adenocarcinoma with giant cell formation in the accessory sex glands in a male Sprague-Dawley rat

In this study, we report the features of an adenocarcinoma with giant cell formation spontaneously occurring in the accessory sex glands of a male 10-month-old Sprague-Dawley rat. A milky white mass was found in the region corresponding to the left seminal vesicle and the left coagulating gland. Histologically, tumor cells exhibited diverse growth patterns, including glandular/trabecular, cystic, and sheet-like growth areas. The tumor cells were pleomorphic, with round- or oval-shaped nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Mitotic figures were occasionally observed. Giant cells were also prominent in the sheet-like growth area, with intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing eosinophilic material. The stroma was rich in collagen fibers and fibroblasts. Numerous inflammatory cells were observed in the glandular and cystic lumina and stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. In the sheet-like growth area, some of the tumor cells and giant cells were positive for vimentin in the cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus. Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor cells contained a small number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and had no basement membrane or desmosome. The giant cells occasionally contained variably sized intracytoplasmic lumina and globular filamentous bodies, probably corresponding to vimentin. Considering these morphological features, the tumor was diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma with the formation of giant tumor cells originating from the male accessory sex glands.