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21.
干旱区绿洲荒漠交错带土地退化及生态重建 总被引:20,自引:15,他引:20
由于经济的发展,土地资源受到越来越大的压力。当这种压力超过了土地资源的承载能力,就导致了土地退化的发生。作为陆地生态系统的基础,土地资源的退化表现为:土壤肥力降低,生物多样性降低,以及伴随的经济发展的落后。当前世界范围内对土地退化的治理,基本方法仍是基于生态学理论的生物方法。但对土地退化的恢复与生态系统的重建的研究,需要经过谨慎设计的长期实验。绿洲荒漠交错带的重要性,不仅表现为是绿洲的保护屏障,而且在绿洲经济的发展中也起到巨大的作用。通过对国内外大量研究的回顾,讨论了在不同地区进行的长期实验所采用的方法。有人为因素参与的退化土地恢复与生态重建,可以在短期内取得明显效果。产生土地退化的原因,不仅仅是土地资源特点与自然环境这样一些自然因素,还包括一些社会与经济因素。因此退化土地的恢复与生态重建的成功,需要一种考虑自然、社会和经济因素的综合的方法。 相似文献
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培养条件对酸枣叶片不定梢再生率的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以酸枣无菌苗叶片为外植体,选用基本培养基NN69和WPM,外源激素包括TDZ、IAA、IBA和NAA,暗培养时间为2、3、4周。采用正交实验设计方法,研究了基本培养基、外源激素及暗培养时间对叶片不定梢再生的影响。结果表明在附加TDZ1~3mg/L的WPM和NN69上都可诱导不定梢再生,但WPM比NN69更有效。暗培养时间对不定梢再生也有影响,暗培养3周比2、4周更有利于提高叶片的不定梢再生率。在附加TDZ1mg/L、IAA0.1mg/L的WPM培养基上,暗培养3周后转到光下培养,获得的不定梢再生率达87.5%。 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of environment of liver regeneration on the proliferation of rat fetal hepatocytes after intrasplenical transplantation. METHODS:Fetal hepatocytes isolated from 3-week SD rat fetuses bred were transplanted into the spleens of liver regeneration model rats with 70% partial hepatectomy. The cell cycle of the hepatocytes in the remnants liver was analyzed by flow cytometer and the density dimensions of the donor fetal hepatocytes in spleen were measured by image analysis system 7 and 30 days post-transplantation, respectively. RESULTS:Compared with the control group, the proportions of S and G2 /M cells in the remnants liver were obviously decreased (P<0.05), but the density dimensions of the donor fetal hepatocytes in spleen increased significantly (P<0.05) in rats with hepatectomy 7 days post-transplantation. CONCLUSION:The environment of liver regeneration is propitious to the proliferation of fetal hepatocytes after transplantation into spleen. 相似文献
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The re-emergence of indigenous forest in an urban environment, Christchurch, New Zealand 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Glenn H. Stewart Maria E. Ignatieva Colin D. Meurk Richard D. Earl 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2004,2(3):149-158
Christchurch, the second largest city in New Zealand is a planned city on a coastal plain on the east coast of the South Island. The birth of the city and the subsequent century of development was characterised by colonial values and tree and garden planting with familiar European species along with those from Australia, North America, and eventually all other continents. The image of an “English garden city” with classical parks of oaks and willow-lined rivers became the accepted norm and the way in which the city has been promoted to potential tourists. Gardening is one of the top two recreational activities and exotic species greatly outnumber native species in the flora and in gardens. This has had serious consequences for the highly fragmented and degraded indigenous vegetation and its co-adapted wildlife. A few hardy indigenous species continued to regenerate through this period, but since the 1970s, there has been a progressive change of attitude and interest in reclaiming the natural heritage of the city, manifest in widespread private and public planting of indigenous species and active habitat restoration. In this article we examine the indigenous and exotic shrub and tree components of the Christchurch flora as planted street trees, in domestic gardens, and in parks. We also present data on shrub and tree regeneration in parks and domestic gardens in the city. Indications are that the more sensitive, less intrusive management of urban environments, combined with the greater density of indigenous seed sources, has allowed regeneration of a wide range of indigenous species across a broad spectrum of habitats – from neglected gardens to pavement cracks to exotic plantations. This is despite the competition from the prodigious seed banks and density of exotic trees, shrubs, and ground covers and albeit minimal impacts of introduced browsing and seed eating mammals. If the present trends continue through appropriate management and facilitation, these tentative signs of native forest regeneration should eventually proliferate into a sustainable mixed origin urban forest that resurrects and preserves the natural character of the region. 相似文献
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