履带车辆的转向控制

介绍了履带车辆由拉杆式转向操纵机构改为由方向盘控制的转向操纵机构的原理、方案和组成，试验证明该系统能很好地满足履带车辆的转向和行驶。     

The quality of service provided by the irrigation department to the users associations, Tunuyan System, Mendoza, Argentina

The quality of service provided by the provincial Irrigation Department (DGI) to the Water Users Associations (UA), and subsequently by the UA's to the related water users, is based on the provincial water law. The intended volume of water being delivered per considered period further depends on the water availability and on the (crop irrigation) water requirements. The Service Level (SL) compares the intended water supply with the water supply that would be required to supply the entire irrigable area with sufficient water. As soon as the intended water delivery pattern is set, the measured actual delivery can be assessed against the intention. Several performance indicators are used in this context. Based on the assessment of the Water Delivery Performance Ratio and the Overall Consumed Ratio recommendations are made on changes which can be made to improve water use and reduce problems of waterlogging.     

越野汽车机械自动变速器换挡规律的自适应控制

针对越野汽车载荷变化大、路况复杂而又要具有机动灵活的特点,利用自适应控制技术所建立的自适应控制器,对实际行车状况的油门、车速和冲击度进行在线估计。根据得到的实际的车辆负荷度,按照已经建立的最小和最大负荷度下的机械自动变速器换挡控制规律,通过线性插值法,建立适应实际行车状况的换挡规律,实现换挡规律的自适应控制。     

工程车辆并行自适应神经网络自动换挡控制

为了解决工程车辆在重载作业时传动系统效率大幅下降的问题,以工程车辆"两参数"换挡规律为依据,提出一种并行自适应神经网络自动换挡控制的方法。结构上由神经网络控制、自适应神经网络模型、网络评价和运行监控模型组成。仿真结果表明,该控制方法提高了工程车辆液力机械传动系统效率,有效地克服了神经网络控制实时性差,难以在工程实际中应用的问题,实现了换挡控制的智能化。     

车辆变速箱故障诊断的发展现状与展望

车辆在运输过程中,一旦变速箱发生异常或故障,则导致变速箱失效而发生事故。以车辆变速箱为对象的故障诊断技术属于旋转机械故障诊断技术的应用领域,是基于机械故障诊断技术的发展而发展起来的产物。为此,简要介绍了国内外车辆变速箱故障诊断的发展现状和存在的问题,并对未来的车辆变速箱故障诊断研究与应用的发展方向进行了探讨,从而为我国的农用车辆故障诊断的发展提供一定的参考。     

除雪车功能及主要参数设计

机械除雪是各种除雪方法中效率最高的一种。国外的除雪车结构复杂、售价高、使用、维修成本大，推广和普及困难。为此，借鉴国外先进技术，结合我国的环境和道路条件开发适合国情的除雪车就显得十分必要。设计一台集前推雪铲推雪、中间除雪辊搅雪、后部除雪辊扫雪及抛雪机构抛雪多种功能于一体的除雪车，在功能设计上具有先进性与多功能性。并通过理论分析和计算，为除雪车主要参数的确定提供依据。     

Impacts of Institutional Reforms on Irrigated Agriculture in Pakistan

Poor functioning of theirrigation system in Pakistan has been asource of concern for the last few decades,during which time it has been the subject ofconsiderable external assistance andinternal policy reforms. Consequently, thegovernment of Pakistan introducedinstitutional restructuring in irrigationand drainage subsectors to impartnecessary improvements. Under thesereforms, management at secondary canallevel has recently been handed over to theFarmers Organizations (FOs) of selecteddistributaries in pilot areas. This studywas designed to evaluate a farmer-manageddistributary in southern Punjab. Fieldmeasurements revealed that hydraulicaspects of the irrigation service deliveredby the FO management has been significantlyimproved and as a result highlyproportionate and equitable waterdistribution was observed, particularly atthe tail reaches of the distributary. Dueto effective FO management farmers'interventions to increase the outletdischarge by illegal means has been almosteradicated. As a result of theseimprovements imparted by the FO in systemmanagement, the extent of irrigated area hasincreased on average by 6 to 7%, evenunder severe drought-like conditionsprevailing in the country during recentyears. Further cost recoveries haveincreased by an amount of 14% for summerand 23% for winter growing seasons,respectively, from the irrigated area of thedistributary. Thus experience from Hakra4-R distributary has shown that even underundesirable natural circumstancesIrrigation Management Transfer (IMT) wasquite effective in achieving the keytargets of the institutional reformslaunched at pilot scale in the country.     

车辆用永磁发电机磁路分析与试验研究

应用等值磁路理论对磁路进行了分析，用图解法求解出钕铁硼永磁体的工作点，研制出了一种无电励磁绕组、无碳刷滑环结构，故障率低的永磁发电机，采用单相双半渡可控整流稳压式电子稳压器，集稳压、整流于一体，电能消耗少，发电效率高，解决了车辆用永磁发电机在变转速变负荷工况下输出电压保持稳定的问题。     

基于CAN总线的混合动力汽车控制系统

介绍了基于 CAN总线开发的混合动力汽车控制系统及各子系统的任务、网络图和部分信息流。为了解决整车控制的实时性与汽车车身网络控制系统数据传输量大的矛盾 ,系统采用了高、低速双 CAN总线结构 ,并且通过信息交换模块实现对高、低速 CAN网络中的部分需交换信息的数据交换。     

离心输油泵故障诊断专家系统的研究与实现

提出了一种新的对基本神经网络进行组合的思路，将基本神经网络分层联接，每一层对应对象的某一属性，并根据属性分类。以这一思路为指导，组建了BP网络与竞争网络组织相结合的神经网络，并以此为核心，搭建了离心输油泵故障诊断专家系统的框架。