天津地区常见草坪病虫害的防治

综述了天津地区几种常见的草坪病虫害的症状、发生规律、危害,介绍了这几种病虫害的防治方法。     

Fruit developmnt rule of two Chinensis Actinidia cultivars ‘Fengyue' and'‘Cuiyu’

The fruit development rules of two Chinensis Actinidia cultivars were studied in this paper. ‘Fengyue' has thedevelopment phase named comparatively stable period, slow increase period, rapid increase period and stagnatingincrease period. Fruit firmness change exhibits two periods, i.e. slowly declining period and rapidly declining period.There is an obvious corresponding relation between the changes of fruit firmness and the soluble solids content, i.e. therapidly declining time of fruit firmness corresponds with the rapidly increasing time of soluble solids content. According toto early November, respectively.     

四川食螨瓢虫田间发生规律研究

本文报道了5种食螨瓢虫在四川的分布。其中,束管食螨瓢虫、深点食螨瓢虫、云南食螨瓢虫为优势种。食螨瓢虫以成虫在树上卷叶及地表枯枝落叶内越冬,随着不同寄主植物上叶螨高峰期不同,食螨瓢虫存在栖息作物转移现象。在桔园内,食螨瓢虫与桔全爪螨的空间生态位重叠大,而时间生态位重叠小。     

基于粗糙集的产品特征知识获取研究

针对制造业产品设计的个性化需求,将粗糙集理论应用于产品设计知识的属性约简和分类规则生成,发现产品或零部件间潜在的特征知识模式,从而为设计人员所能够提供的模糊对象进行分类或提供设计知识.     

Assisted colonization: Integrating conservation strategies in the face of climate change

Global climate change poses an immense challenge for conservation biologists seeking to mitigate impacts to species and ecosystems. Species persistence will depend on geographic range shifts or adaptation in response to warming patterns as novel climates and community assemblages arise. Assisted colonization has been proposed as a method for addressing these challenges. This technique, which consists of transporting species to a new range that is predicted to be favorable for persistence under future climate scenarios, has become the subject of controversy and discussion in the conservation community due to its highly manipulative nature, questions about widespread feasibility, and uncertainty associated with the likelihood of translocated species becoming invasive. We reviewed the discussion and criticism associated with assisted colonization and sought to identify other conservation techniques that also display potential to promote the colonization and adaptation of species in response to climate change. We propose an integrated conservation strategy that includes management for habitat connectivity, conservation genetics, and when necessary, assisted colonization of species that are still unable to shift their ranges even given implementation of the above standard conservation approaches. We argue that this integrated approach will facilitate persistence for a larger proportion of species than is possible by solely using assisted colonization. Furthermore, a multi-faceted approach will likely reduce the uncertainty of conservation outcomes and will become increasingly necessary for conservation of biodiversity in a changing climate.     

棉花黄萎病拮抗细菌HMB-1005鉴定及定殖

以大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)为指示菌,对从棉田土壤中已经分离筛选到的细菌HMB-1005进行形态、19项生理生化特征及16S rDNA试验,结果表明,HMB-1005为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens);通过灭菌土和非灭菌土进行盆栽试验,拮抗菌HMB-1005芽孢液浸种、土壤全部混菌和部分混菌3种处理,经过5个月的盆栽试验表明,拮抗细菌HMB-1005能够在灭菌土和非灭菌土中定殖,且定殖数量达106cfu/g土左右,并仍能保持较高的抑菌活性。通过对棉苗根内细菌的分离,证实拮抗细菌HMB-1005能在棉花根内定殖,数量达到103cfu/g。实验结果显示,灭菌土的拮抗菌数高于非灭菌土,并且3种处理方式差异不明显,在实际生产应用中,建议使用浸种方法。     

大棚中百菌清等4种农药在小白菜上的降解规律研究

研究了小白菜栽培过程中,百菌清、敌敌畏、氧化乐果和抗蚜威在不同施用剂量条件下的农药降解动态规律,结果表明,不同农药在小白菜中的残留量和降解速度有较大差异。4种农药施药后在小白菜上的残留量随喷药时间的推移而减少,抗蚜威降解速度最慢,氧化乐果降解速度最快。     

生防菌哈茨木霉FJAT-9040的GFP标记及土壤定殖示踪

哈茨木霉Trichoderma harzianum FJAT-9040对茄科尖孢镰刀菌具有较强拮抗作用。为跟踪分析该菌株在土壤中的存活与定殖特性,利用PEG-CaCl2介导的原生质体转化体系,筛选获得1株荧光性状稳定的菌株FJAT-9295,该菌株在生长速率、产孢量、对酸碱度和温度的适应性及对尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌活性等方面与野生型菌株FJAT-9040无显著差异（P〉0.05）。同时,研究了菌株FJAT-9295在4种类型土壤中的定殖能力以及作物生长对该菌株在土壤中定殖的影响。结果表明：菌株在育苗土中定殖最好,其次为沙土及菜园土,黄泥土中定殖最差;种植茄子比未种植作物的土壤更有利于菌株的存活;菌株FJAT-9295在不同类型土壤中的菌落数随时间的延长均略有下降,16天后趋于稳定,维持在105 CFU/g,较初始接菌量下降了约1个数量级。     

南水北调西线一期工程区泥石流分布特征

南水北调西线一期工程区是我国水能资源最为丰富的地区之一,在该区修建水利工程,泥石流是经常遇到的地质灾害问题.在考察论证的基础上,结合工程区泥石流发育与地质构造、地层岩性、气象水文和地形地貌的关系,探讨了泥石流分布规律.研究表明,工程区泥石流沟数量较多,但分布不均匀;泥石流沟流域面积集中于1～5 km2,主沟长度以1～3 km居多,相对高差大多小于1 500 m;70.9%的沟谷坡度为10～30°,88.3%的沟床比降在0.1～0.5之间;泥石流分布受地形地貌的控制,受地质构造和地震的制约,受地层岩性的影响, 表现出区域分异的特征.