Sensitivity of four Yeasts to Fungicides and CO2 Concentrations and Their Antagonistic Ability in Combination with Fungicide to pathogenic Fungi in vitro

The yeasts Cryptococcus laurentii,Trichosporon pullulans,Rhodotorula glutinis and Trichosporon sp.were used to investigate their sensitivity to four fungicides and different concentrations of CO2,as well as their antagonistic ability to Penicilliumexpansum and Alternaria alternata in vitro when applied with fungicide.There were significant differences in sensitivity to the fungicides among the different yeasts(P = 0.05).R.glutinis was more sensitive to Deccocil,Iprodione and Stroby as compared to other yeasts.Combination antagonistic yeasts with fungicide could more significantly enhance biocontrol ability of the yeasts against the pathogenic fungi in vitro(P = 0.05).C.laurentii was the most effective antagonist among the four yeasts and could completely control spore germination of P.expansum and A.alternata when combined with Stroby at the concentration of 100 μL L-1.The yeasts,except R.glutinis,could grow well on nutrient yeast dextrose agar (NYDA) after 8 d incubation even at 20% CO2 concentration at 25℃.Particularly Trichosporon sp.showeda better adaptability to low temperature as compared to other antagonists.     

表达序列标签（ESTs）及其应用

表达序列标签(ESTs)是指从(ESTcDNA文库中随机挑取克隆并对其3’或5’端进行单轮自动测序所获得的短cDNA库列，一般长度为300～500bp。要有效获取ESTs，必须对cDNA文库进行预处理，处理方法有衰减杂交法、均一化法和差异显示法。在dbEST中收录了大量各种生物的ESTs。ESTs广泛应用于鉴定基因、发现新基因、电子克隆、构建遗传学图谱、制备DNA芯片、分子标记、研究基因的差异表达及检验病原微生物等方面。     

一条不对称合成S(+)-2-氨基-4-磷酸基丁酸的新路线

利用4-二乙氧基膦酰基-2-酮丁酸乙酯与 L-赤式-(+)-1,乙-二苯基-2-氨基乙醇的缩合,将产物还原、氢解及水解得光活性产物,ee 值67%。     

Genetic Engineering Approaches to Pig Production*

Modern biotechnology promises a number of new applications in animal breeding and production. Although conventional pig breeding has achieved a high level of efficiency and productivity numerous problems have been encountered with animal health and the loss of meat quality. Selection based on phenotypic performance data of individual animals does not take into account the importance of specific genes and their relevance within a complex regulatory system. In most cases it is therefore difficult to trace back the genetic origins of clinically important disorders. The application of genetic engineering techniques in pig production will facilitate diagnosis, improvement of productivity, and animal health by allowing direct genetic manipulation. Attention must be focussed on the physical and genetic analysis of the procine genome. The isolation and characterisation of genes, DNA-markers, polymorphic DNA-fragments, and their chromosomal assignment will be important prerequisites and tools for the elucidation of genetic disorders. Especially the detection of heterozygous carriers of recessive disorders and their elimination from the breeding stock will increase selection accuracy and decrease the generation intervals. But also the rapid and simple detection of infectious diseases, which is sometimes difficult if not impossible at present, will improve animal health and welfare. Although the production of transgenic animals either by DNA-microinjection into zygotes or the use of embryonal stem cells manipulated in vitro is less straightforward than DNA-based diagnosis it will play an important role in the direct manipulation of the porcine genome and genes. Breeding programmes including the use of transgenic livestock have already been developed. There is no doubt that genetic engineering has reached a degree of practical feasibility, allowing it to play an important role in pig breeding in particular and animal production in general.     

白细胞介素和干扰素γ对绵羊体外受精胚胎体外发育影响的研究

利用SOFM+0.8%BSA+1mM谷氨酰胺作为绵羊胚胎的培养液,分别添加LIF、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6及IFN-γ,以研究LIF、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6及IFN-γ对绵羊早期胚胎发育的影响。结果说明,LIF促进2～8细胞胚胎发育至桑椹胚,同时也能够促进桑椹胚向扩大囊胚和孵化囊胚发育。但IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6及IFN-γ对绵羊早期胚胎的发育无显著影响。     

表达HAV结构基因的重组腺病毒鉴定及细胞病变分析

利用RT-PCR方法,从HAV-L8株的RNA中扩增出结构基因(vp3 vp1),克隆到穿梭质粒pXCX2NotI上。采用磷酸钙-DNA共沉淀技术,将腺病毒载体pJM17与pXCX2-CMV-HAV共转染293细胞。在光学显微镜下观察到明显的细胞病变(CPE);经RT-PCR、免疫荧光染色和蛋白印迹鉴定证明HAV的结构基因已插入到腺病毒基因组中;在电子显微镜下观察发现有二十面体的病毒颗粒。以上结果表明获得了重组腺病毒rAdHAV,纯化后的rAdHAV滴度为1×109.0TCID50/mL。     

大骨鸡中MSTN基因表达规律性的研究

本实验以大骨鸡为试材,采用RT-PCR法检测了MSTN基因在大骨鸡不同器官、不同时间的表达情况,结果表明MSTN基因在骨骼肌中表达水平较高,在心肌、肾脏、脑、肠、舌中也有微量表达,但在肺、肝脏中未检测出MSTNmRNA,而且在14日龄时表达水平明显低于35日龄和56日龄,而且在孵化后一周时胸肌中MSTN基因的表达水平达到最低。     

迪卡配套系猪RYR1的PCR分析及其利用的研究

试验从鸡东县永安猪场随机抽取迪卡配套系猪B系和E系42头，通过PCR扩增技术和酶切鉴定．采用克隆技术进行测序，来检测是否含有氟烷基因序列。经过以上技术检测这42头猪均没有氟烷基因。     

猪肺炎支原体黏附因子基因R1R2区的克隆及表达

根据GenBank登录的猪肺炎支原体232株P97基因和J株黏附因子基因设计了1对引物，以我国猪肺炎支原体Z株(强毒株)基因组DNA为模板，通过PCR方法扩增了该株黏附因子基因的部分序列。经序列分析后，重新设计了1对带有EcoRI和HindⅢ酶切位点的引物，并经引物的定点突变，PCR扩增了Z株黏附因子的R1R2区。扩增产物经双酶切后克隆到表达载体pET-32(a) 中。该重组质粒经酶切鉴定后，将其具有正确阅读框架的重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞，37℃下经IPTG诱导表达，得到相对分子质量约29000的融合蛋白，表达量约为11％。     

超临界CO_2流体处理工艺对木材渗透性的影响

以苯—乙醇为夹带剂,研究超临界CO2流体不同处理压力、温度、时间对福建产杉木、马尾松、檫木木材渗透性的影响。结果表明,在35 MPa内,处理压力的增大有利于3种木材渗透性的提高;杉木在处理温度为40℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,为493%,马尾松和檫木在处理温度为45℃时,渗透性的变化率达到最大,分别为479%和349%;较佳的处理时间为30 min。