A survey investigating the current practice of French health professionals regarding infection risk after monkey bites

International tourism is steadily increasing, with 15% of travellers reporting health problems when they come back. Animal bites represent 2% of consulting causes, of which 20% are due to monkey bites. The Monkey B virus (Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1) is an alphaherpesvirus (Herpesviridae, genus Simplexvirus) enzootic in macaques (Genus Macaca). Zoonotic infections with the Monkey B virus following exposure to macaques are exceptionally rare, but can cause fatal encephalomyelitis in humans. An observational survey was undertaken in 2018 to assess the practice of French health professionals regarding infection risk after monkey bites. French health professionals practicing in vaccination and rabies centres were specifically targeted for this study. Standardized questionnaires were sent by email to a sample of French health professionals. They were asked to participate on a voluntary and anonymous basis. The questionnaires requested epidemiological details and included multiple‐choice questions about the infection management of monkey bites. The response rate was 33.5%. The frequency of monkey bites in 2017 was variable with a minority of centres managing more than 6 per year (12%), 46% managing 1–5 monkey bites and 42% none. Most of the monkey bites were described as occurring in South Asia at tourist sites, on naked upper limbs, shortly after the travellers arrived at their destination. Tetanus status verification, rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis and antibiotic therapy were said to be prescribed in most cases. Knowledge about the Monkey B virus was reported as scarce for 38% of the participants. The number of monkey bites managed per year per centre varied greatly but practices regarding infectious risk after monkey bites were generally homogeneous. The risk of Monkey B virus transmission did not readily come to mind in the differential diagnosis of infection risk for many French health professionals.     

氮、磷、钾配施及其与铜、硼配施对大豆产量的影响

采用田间小区试验,研究浙春3号大立在不同的氮、磷、钾配施及其与铂或硼配施条件下产量构成因子的变化及各因子之间的相关性。结果表明,氮、磷、钾与硼或钼配施促进了大豆株高的增长,增加了大豆的百粒重、总英数和单株籽粒重,提高了大豆的产量;大豆产量与大豆植株的生物量、株高、单株籽粒重、百粒重和总英数达到显著的正相关,与经济系数及有效分枝数为负相关,氮、磷、钾与硼或钼配施主要通过大幅度提高生物学产量而最终提高籽粒产量;在试验土壤条件下,氮、磷、钾之间的配施比以2：l：l处理的大豆产量最高;氮、磷、钾对大豆产量影响大小的顺序为N＞K＞P。     

紫菜薹细胞质雄性不育系及其保持系在不同发育时期内源激素的变化

利用酶联免疫测定技术研究了紫菜薹细胞质雄性不育系和保持系不同发育时期的生长素IAA、赤霉素GA和玉米素核苷ZR的动态变化.结果表明,内源IAA、GA、ZR含量在生殖器官和营养器官保持系和两种不育系都表现出显著性变化,改良萝卜不育系和ogura不育系的内源激素含量在植物发育的各个时期也存在差异.苗期ZR含量主要集中于根部,保持系根部ZR含量最高;幼根保持系IAA含量显著高于不育系,幼苗期叶片IAA含量相差不大;不育系与保持系苗期不同器官GA含量分布不均衡.在花期叶片激素含量在保持系和不育系之间变化较大,蕾期不育系的IAA、GA和ZR含量出现不同程度的亏缺,尤其是从小蕾期到大蕾期阶段,ogura不育系、改良萝卜不育系的IAA、GA和ZR含量都极显著低于保持系.IAA、GA和ZR是植物体内重要的信号物质,可调节植物的多种生命活动,其亏缺影响花粉的正常发育,从而引起败育.     

三种兽药在不同暴露系统对蚯蚓的急性毒性

采用人工土壤法和滤纸法对不同浓度的阿维菌素、安普霉素、磺胺二甲基嘧啶3种常用兽药对蚯蚓的急性毒性进行了研究。结果表明,用土壤法和滤纸法测定的阿维菌素对蚯蚓的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别为17.06mg·kg-1和4.63×10-3mg·cm-2,阿维菌素对蚯蚓具有一定的毒性作用,其皮肤接触毒性比土壤食入毒性更大。用滤纸法测定的安普霉素、磺胺二甲基嘧啶对蚯蚓的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别大于10mg·cm-2和15mg·cm-2;用土壤法测定安普霉素、磺胺二甲基嘧啶对蚯蚓的半数致死浓度(LC50)均大于5000mg·kg-1,表明安普霉素、磺胺二甲基嘧啶对蚯蚓的毒性较低。     

早熟丰产白菜型冬油菜新品系964-1-1选育报告

冬油菜新品系964-1-1是天水市农科所以白菜型冬油菜品种天油1号作母本,加拿大甘蓝型春油菜品种p ivot作父本杂交选育而成。在2001-2003年的区域试验中,2 a 10点次折合产量2 118 kg/hm2,较对照品种天油1号增产12.1%。该品系株高110.6 cm,千粒重2.57 g,角粒数24.6粒,生育期273 d,越冬率94.2%。适宜在陇东、陇南及定西等海拔2 000 m以下地区推广种植。     

UV-B辐射与酸雨复合胁迫对油菜幼苗生长的影响

采用水培实验方法研究了紫外辐射(UV—B，280—320nm)与酸雨(AR)单一和复合胁迫对油菜幼苗生长的影响。实验表明，单一胁迫与复合胁迫对油菜幼苗生长有不同程度的抑制作用。在单一紫外辐射胁迫下(T1，T2)，地上部分的降幅为11．8％-44．8％、21．7％-50．4％，地下部分的降幅为2．7％-34．7％、2．8％-42．8％。单一酸雨胁迫下(AR1，AR2)，降幅依次为6．2％-17．7％、3．7％-10．9％，1．6％～23．7％、0．6％-10．9％。复合胁迫下降幅明显低于单一胁迫，地上部分的降幅为24．7％-50．5％(AR1 T)、18．5％。49．2％(AR2 T1)、32．3％。67．9％(AR1 T2)、24．4％-66．5％(AR2 T2)。地下部分的降幅依次为3．6％-46．2％、3．5％。43．1％、4．O％。52．9％、3．7％。49．7％。     

应用~(40)B研究硼素在油菜叶片中的分布特征

应用~(10)B固体径迹蚀刻技术,测定油菜叶片硼的分布表明,硼在叶片中移动很慢,喂饲~(10)B20天后的叶片与邻位叶的硼含量比:土培试验(缺硼土壤)为1.7-9.3,水培试验(供硼充足)为1.8-2.2;同一株油菜的叶片含硼量从基部向近顶部依次递减,土培试验为0.62-0.96ppm,水培试验为1.72-2.01ppm;同一张叶片的硼的分布是不均匀的,叶正面比叶反面硼含量高0.8ppm(?期)和1.8ppm(花期)(t=5.22和7.10),叶边缘比叶中部的硼含量高1.4-1.9ppm(t=20.00和16.24),叶尖端比叶中部的硼含量高1.8和1.9ppm(t=7.57和8.25)。这些特征与叶片缺硼症状相符合,它为油菜合理施硼提供了科学依据。     

镁、锌、硼肥对烤烟几个生理生化指标、产量和品质的影响

 1987～1989年,在缺乏和比较缺乏镁、锌、硼的土壤上所作的田间试验结果表明,合理施用这些肥料,能提高烤烟的叶绿素含量、硝酸还原酶活性,有提高光合强度的趋势。结果还表明,施用镁、锌、硼肥能提高烟叶的百叶重、产量、上中等烟(尤其是上等烟)比例和亩产值,烟叶内在化学成分达到或接近国内要求,尤其能提高烟碱含量。经济效益分析表明,合理施用镁、锌、硼肥是提高烤烟品质和经济收益的一项农业技术措施。     

氧化苦参碱治疗慢性乙型肝炎后肝纤维化的疗效观察

目的:观察氧化苦参碱治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的疗效。方法:43例慢性乙型肝炎随机分为治疗组22例与对照组21例,治疗组采用氧化苦参碱与常规药物联合治疗,对照组仅采用常规药物治疗。疗程24周。用酶联免疫法测定HBeAg,聚合酶链免疫护增法测定HBV-DNA,用放射免疫法测定治疗前后血清透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、IV型胶原(CIV)、III型前胶原(PCIII)水平。结果:治疗组HBeAg转阴率36.4%(8/22),HBV-DNA转阴率54.5%(12/22)。血清HA、LN、CIV及PCIII明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:氧化苦参碱有较好的抗乙型肝炎肝纤维化作用。