成分对温压成形Reed／Cu／PE复合材料性能的影响

为进一步改善基于农林剩余物的木基复合粉末的温压成形综合性能,开发新型复合材料,以芦苇秆粉末（Reed）为基材、紫铜粉末（Cu）为强韧化因子、聚乙烯（PE）为紫铜粉末分散助剂,运用响应面试验法、三维立体数码显微镜、扫描电镜和电子万能材料实验机等方法和手段研究PE及Cu对温压成形Reed/Cu/PE复合材料性能的影响,对试件材料的性能与结构进行表征。结果表明：Reed/Cu/PE复合材料的最优温压成形工艺条件为,PE和Cu质量分数分别为10％和17％;制备的Reed/Cu/PE复合材料的静曲强度、表观硬度（HV）、吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率分别达到了49．26、9．267 MPa、3．32％和4．35％。     

黑曲霉固体发酵产木聚糖酶的响应面优化设计及其酶学性质的研究

本研究采用响应面法的中心组合对影响黑曲霉(aspergillus niger JL 15)固体发酵产木聚糖酶的条件进行了优化.以橘皮粉为基质,补充碳源、氮源,以及含水量和发酵时间对木聚糖酶产量具有显著影响(P<0.05).模拟二次多项式回归预测模型,并建立自变量与响应值的回归方程,获得各因素的最佳水平,即:甘油、硫酸铵的添加量分别为4.2%和3.1%,含水量为61%,发酵时间为73.4 h,木聚糖酶活性最大预测值达922.9 U/g干发酵产物,验证值为917.7 U/g干发酵产物,高出基础培养基酶活3.2倍.酶学性质分析研究表明,黑曲霉木聚糖酶(XylA)的最适温度和最适pH分别为55oC和pH 5.0.XylA的K_m和V_(max)值分别为9.24 mg/mL和54.05 μmol/min/mL.Mn~(2+)、Zn~(2+)和斗和Mg~(2+)对XylA活性具有促进作用,而Fe~(3+)和cu~(2+)对XylA活性具有明显抑制作用.HPLC分析结果表明,XylA的水解桦木木聚糖和麸皮不溶性木聚糖的产物均为木糖至木六糖,主要产物为木三糖.     

响应面法优化蚕沙叶绿素锌钾盐的制备工艺

在单因素试验基础上,选取皂化时间、锌代温度和锌代时间作为影响因子,应用Box-Behnken中心组合设计建立数学模型,以叶绿素锌钾盐产率为响应值,进行响应面分析(RSA)。结果表明,叶绿素锌钾盐的最佳制备工艺为皂化时间58 min,锌代温度57℃,锌代时间83 min。响应面模型在此条件下预测的叶绿素锌钾盐产率为8.95%,验证值(9.23%)与预测值相对误差3.13%。     

平均铣削厚度对MDF铣削粉尘粒度分布及表面粗糙度的影响

研究了不同平均铣削厚度条件下MDF铣削粉尘粒度分布状态及典型粒度粉尘的形态,并在此基础上测试了MDF铣削表面的粗糙度。结果表明,铣削MDF粉尘粒度分布主要集中在0.5～450.0μm,铣削MDF粉尘颗粒基本上为狭长型纤维状。随着平均铣削厚度的增加,MDF粉尘的平均粒度{D（4,3）,D（3,2）}及中位径D（50）呈逐渐增大的趋势,而铣削速度影响较进给速度影响明显。随着平均铣削厚度的增加,MDF铣削表面质量降低,而铣削速度影响较进给速度影响明显。     

基于响应面分析方法的氧化乐果降解条件优化

[目的]采用响应曲面法对影响氧化乐果降解的因素进行优化。[方法]选取5个因素pH值（A）、接种量（B）、装液量（C）、温度（D）和摇床转速（E）的最佳水平范围进行研究。通过对二次多项回归方程求解获得氧化乐果降解的最佳条件。[结果]氧化乐果降解的优化条件为：pH值7.10,接种量9.46%,装液量86.38ml,培养温度30.25℃和摇床转速165.32r/min。在此最优条件下,氧化乐果的降解率最大,响应预测值为71.78%,验证值为71.40%。[结论]该研究为降低氧化乐果对动物体的危害提供科学依据。     

Principal Response Curves analysis of polyphenol variation in resistant and susceptible cotton after infection by a root-knot nematode (RKN)

The root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita, attacks cotton root system. This study aimed to compare the induction of phenolic compounds over time in two cotton genotypes, resistant (TX-25) and susceptible (FM966), by RKN. Chemical profiles of cotton roots were obtained by HPLC, NMR, and colorimetric methods at four different time intervals. The Principal Response Curves analysis, a time-dependent, multivariate method, showed consistent variability over time in the profile of phenolic compounds between treatments for both genotypes. The variables that most contributed to the divergence between damaged and undamaged cotton roots were dimethoxylated and non-methoxylated gossypols, total flavonoids, and total phenols.     

Selectivity in a trawl codend during haul-back operation—An overlooked phenomenon

The selectivity of a 99 mm trawl codend was assessed using a codend cover fitted with a MultiSampler, which was acoustically triggered to take separate samples at three different phases of the haul. The first sample was collected during towing, the second during haul-up and the third at the surface. A total of 18 hauls were conducted with a commercial fishing vessel west of Scotland. It was demonstrated that escapes take place not only during the tow but also in the short period when the trawl is hauled back from the seabed and when the codend is at the surface. For haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus), respectively, the mean percentages escaping at the surface were 16, 12 and 38% of the total escape while 17, 8 and 28% escaped during the haul-up phase. Compared to towing, the escape rate (no./min) increased for haddock by a factor 2.7 during haul-up and by a factor 1.7 at the surface, whereas the escape rates of whiting were similar for the three phases. The escape rate of Norway lobster increased by a factor of approximately 7 for both the haul-up and surface phases, compared to the towing phase. The selectivity parameters L50 (50% retention length) and SR (selection range = L75–L25) were estimated and compared for the three different phases and for the whole haul for haddock, whiting and Norway lobster. For all three species there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in L50 between the three phases of the haul. There was also no significant difference for whiting and Norway lobster when comparing the SR of the three phases, whereas the SR was significantly lower for haddock when comparing the surface phase with towing and haul-up. The estimate of L50 when towing was about 6 cm lower for haddock and whiting and 9 mm for Norway lobster compared to the selection curve estimated conventionally for the whole haul. Finally, the effect of sea state, duration and codend catch on the selectivity parameters were estimated for the individual phases and for the whole haul. A significant effect of at least one variable was found in all phases.     

高职《动物性食品卫生检验》课程教学方式的改革

《动物性食品卫生检验》作为一门畜牧兽医、动物防疫与检疫专业的主干课程,具有专业性和实践性强的特点,为了提高学生对食品卫生检验的基础理论、实践技能和食品安全系统控制理念,从教学效果着手提出改革的思路,利用现有的资源充分发掘学生的学习积极性和实践动手能力,重视强化基本技能的训练,取得了一定的效果。     

几种蔬菜的钾肥效应研究

不同蔬菜在不同土壤上的施钾效应研究结果表明：施用钾肥，能促进蔬菜植株的生长，显著提高产量。在一定钾肥用量范围内，产量随钾肥水平提高而提高，超过一定量时，产量并不增加。钾素营养能提高果实中 Ｖｃ 和全糖的含量，改善贮藏特性。 Ｖｃ 含量的提高效应与产量效应一致，但糖分的含量在稍低钾素水平上出现。由于产量提高和品质改善的效应，施钾经济效益十分显著，产投比大。     

稀土,碳,氮共渗在模具表面强化中的应用

在气体碳氮共渗渗剂中，添加微量稀土元素对５ＣｒＭｎＭｏ钢的组织和性能有显著的影响。试验结果表明，由于稀土元素具较低的电负性和高的化学活性，三元共渗可强化模具表面，使表层获得大量的合金碳化物，基体组织也由针状马氏体变为以扳条马氏体为的混合马氏体，模具有硬度及热强性都得到提高，延长了模具的使用寿命１－２倍。