GPS手段机导航定位方法及可靠性试验研究

GPS导航定位以其高精度、全天修、高效率，多功能，操作简便，应用广泛等特点著称。针对GPS接收机型中的eTrexC（小博士）手持机在森林资源调查中的样地（点）导航定位操作方法及多点定位进行试验。结果表明，该机可直接用于样地（点）定位，其误差受特殊地形制约，与地类无关。     

What attracts elk onto cattle pasture? Implications for inter-species disease transmission

In Southwest Alberta, beef cattle and wild elk (Cervus elaphus) have similar habitat preferences. Understanding their inter-species contact structure is important for assessing the risk of pathogen transmission between them. These spatio-temporal patterns of interactions are shaped, in part, by range management and environmental factors affecting elk distribution. In this study, resource selection modeling was used to identify factors influencing elk presence on cattle pasture and elk selection of foraging patches; furthermore, consequences for inter-species disease transmission were discussed.     

Effect of Season on Travel Patterns and Hoof Growth of Domestic Horses

Four Morgan mares and five Morgan geldings ranging in age from 5- to 12-years-old were fitted with Global Positioning System units to determine if season has an influence on travel pattern. Body and hoof growth measurements were obtained so that the influence of season on body condition and hoof growth could be determined. Waist and heart circumference, cresty neck score, and body condition score were determined in each season. The ambient temperature and precipitation was recorded for each season. Waist circumference was the greatest (P < .05) in the spring and summer and the least in the fall and winter. Hoof growth was the greatest (P < .05) in the fall and the least in the winter. The front and rear hooves grew at similar rates in all horses. Hoof growth in geldings and mares were also similar. The average distances traveled were similar across seasons; however, the horse did numerically travel more in the spring and summer compared with the fall and winter. The range of the travel pattern was influenced by season with the horses traveling significantly less in the winter, although the average travel distances were similar. In conclusion, season in temperate zones will influence body condition, hoof growth, and pattern of travel, but the total distance traveled will be similar. Further research needs to be conducted to determine the influence of season on hoof growth and travel patterns.     

手持GPS接收机短多径干扰抑制方法研究

分析了手持GPS接收机在实际应用中定位精度的多径干扰影响因素,提出了短多径干扰抑制算法,并将该算法用于导航接收机中,建立了实现原理框图,进而提出了短多径抑制算法的具体步骤,通过实测检测得到较高的精度.     

ArcGIS林业制图理论与实践

文章以ArcGIS10.0为基础,结合昆明市圆宝山林区森林防火通道修复,从GPS参数设置及地理信息采集、地形图PS处理、ArcGIS地理配准、显示GPS点、建立Shape文件(矢量图层)连接GPS点(描图)、长度(面积)计算、图形输出等方面分析了ArcGIS在林业制图中的应用。     

基于RFID_GPS的智能农田信息采集系统设计

介绍了一种基于射频识别(RFID)技术的农田信息采集电子标签及阅读器的设计方案。以MSP430F5438单片机作为主控芯片,实现对土壤温湿度、光照强度、CO2浓度等信息的采集和处理,并通过GPS模块实现各电子标签的定位及采集时间的定时,再由CC1101射频收发芯片完成电子标签与阅读器之间的数据通信。此外,电子标签采用低频唤醒方案大大减少了系统的耗电,经过实验证明,电子标签能在3.4m的范围内被唤醒,采集数据准确,工作效果理想。     

Range fidelity: The missing link between caribou decline and habitat alteration?

Conservation of forest-dwelling caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) is of great concern across most of its range. Anthropogenic disturbances, primarily logging activities, have been identified as the most important cause of caribou decline, although the mechanisms underlying this decline are not fully understood. Caribou commonly display fidelity to calving sites or seasonal ranges, but the potential role of this life-history trait has been largely overlooked in research and conservation planning. This is surprising because sites and ranges with high inter-annual use should have high conservation value. We investigated the relationship between habitat disturbances and home-range fidelity of forest-dwelling caribou across three study sites in Québec, Canada, using a broad range of natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Between 2004 and 2007, we tracked 47 adult female caribou using GPS collars. Home-range fidelity varied between seasons, being higher during calving and summer, and lower during winter. Caribou reduced fidelity following natural and anthropogenic disturbances, the latter having a stronger negative influence. Anthropogenic disturbances had a strong negative impact on home-range fidelity during annual, summer and winter periods, whereas natural disturbance was the dominant factor during calving. Despite this negative influence on fidelity, caribou tended to demonstrate range fidelity even in study sites most impacted by human activities. Habitat disturbances could produce two possible outcomes for caribou conservation: (1) a trend for females to reduce home-range fidelity which could translate into lower calf and female caribou survival through reduced familiarity with food distribution, escape cover and predation risk and (2) a global tendency to maintain range fidelity even in a drastically modified landscape which could turn into an ecological trap, particularly for calves when predation risk increases due to increased black bear density in early successional forests. Taking range fidelity behavior into consideration during forest management planning could direct conservation efforts toward the best available sites and therefore facilitate caribou persistence in managed landscapes.     

Monitoring distances travelled by horses using GPS tracking collars

Objective The aims of this work were to (1) develop a low-cost equine movement tracking collar based on readily available components, (2) conduct preliminary studies assessing the effects of both paddock size and internal fence design on the movements of domestic horses, with and without foals at foot, and (3) describe distances moved by mares and their foals. Additional monitoring of free-ranging feral horses was conducted to allow preliminary comparisons with the movement of confined domestic horses. Procedures A lightweight global positioning system (GPS) data logger modified from a personal/vehicle tracker and mounted on a collar was used to monitor the movement of domestic horses in a range of paddock sizes and internal fence designs for 6.5-day periods. Results In the paddocks used (0.8–16 ha), groups of domestic horses exhibited a logarithmic response in mean daily distance travelled as a function of increasing paddock size, tending asymptotically towards approximately 7.5 km/day. The distance moved by newborn foals was similar to their dams, with total distance travelled also dependent on paddock size. Without altering available paddock area, paddock design, with the exception of a spiral design, did not significantly affect mean daily distance travelled. Feral horses (17.9 km/day) travelled substantially greater mean daily distances than domestic horses (7.2 km/day in 16-ha paddock), even when allowing for larger paddock size. Conclusions Horses kept in stables or small yards and paddocks are quite sedentary in comparison with their feral relatives. For a given paddock area, most designs did not significantly affect mean daily distance travelled.     

嵌入式GPS技术的农用飞机作业航线及边界规划研究

就农用飞机作业的航线规划和边界算法提出了一些改进措施，以增强导航系统的性能，有效提高飞机作业的效率。     

GPS技术在林业工作中的应用

GPS在林业系统中的应用广泛，具有定位、导航、求积三大功能。GPS求积功能的开发，为三类作业设计调查带来了一种技术上的突破。相对于以往的森林罗盘仪测量有了质的飞跃。