布鲁氏菌A、M因子血清的研制

研制牛种布鲁氏菌A因子血清和羊种布鲁氏菌M因子血清,用于光滑型布鲁氏菌特异性种属鉴定。将灭活牛种布鲁氏菌2308株及羊种布鲁氏菌16M株免疫1.5~2 kg家兔各5只制备高免血清。对高免血清采用抗原交叉吸附的方法,制得A、M因子血清,分装冻干后置-20℃保存。微量试管凝集试验结果显示:研制的A因子血清对16M抗原在1∶2.5时无凝集现象,对2308抗原凝集价为1∶320;研制的M因子血清对2308抗原在1∶2.5时无凝集现象,对16M抗原凝集价为1∶160。玻片凝集试验结果显示:研制的A、M因子血清对异种抗原无凝集现象。试验表明,研制的A、M因子血清具有特异性强、效价高的特点,可辅助光滑型布鲁氏菌特异性种属鉴定。     

Bioinformatics Analysis,Cloning and Expression of Omp19 Gene of Brucella and Preliminary Establishment of ELISA Method

This study was aimed to further investigate the structure and function of Brucella outer membrane protein 19 (OMP19),obtain the recombinant protein of OMP19 with reactivity,and establish the new method for diagnosing brucellosis based on indirect ELISA.The amino acid sequence of OMP19 protein was analyzed by bioinformatics software,Omp19 gene was amplified by PCR,and the recombinant expression vector pET-32a-Omp19 was constructed by seamless cloning method,it was transformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells,induced and purified OMP19 protein.The immunogenicity of OMP19 protein was detected by Western blotting and ELISA,respectively,to establish an indirect ELISA method based on the protein.The results showed that there were 19 signal peptide sequences in the N terminal of OMP19 protein,and the secondary structure was random coil,and OMP19 protein contained dominant antigenic epitopes.The prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a-Omp19 was successfully constructed by PCR and seamless cloning method,the OMP19 fusion protein was successfully induced,expressed and purified,the size of protein was about 35 ku,which was consistent with the expect size.The reactivity of OMP19 was identified by Western blotting and ELISA,the results showed that the fusion protein had good reactivity,and the coating concentration was 10 μg/mL.The dilution ratio of the first antibody was 1：50 and the second antibody dilution ratio was 1：8 000,the P/N value reach the highest at 2.80.The results laid a foundation for the establishment of rapid diagnosis of brucellosis and the development of new vaccine.     

布鲁菌分泌蛋白BspG的亚细胞定位分析

本研究旨在确定布鲁菌分泌蛋白BspG在宿主细胞中的亚细胞定位。通过生物信息学分析预测BspG蛋白序列特征及功能域,构建立体模型;使用常规分子克隆技术以布鲁菌16M株为模板进行目的基因扩增,构建pMD19-T-BspG克隆载体及pDsRed2-C1-BspG重组真核表达载体,真核载体转染HEK293T细胞,RT-PCR检测BspG在细胞中的转录情况,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察荧光蛋白的表达。结果显示:BspG蛋白具有核定位信号(NLS)及核输出信号(NES);成功扩增BspG基因并构建了表达BspG蛋白的重组真核表达载体pDsRed2-C1-BspG;在真核载体转染的HEK293T细胞里,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察到BspG蛋白存在于宿主细胞核及其周围。本研究表明布鲁菌分泌蛋白BspG存在于宿主细胞核及其周围,可能有核-胞穿梭过程,为BspG的功能及分子机制研究奠定了基础。     

Characterization of epididymal and testicular histologic lesions and use of immunohistochemistry and PCR on formalin-fixed tissues to detect Brucella canis in male dogs

In male dogs, Brucella canis frequently causes epididymitis, ultimately resulting in testicular atrophy and infertility. Although B. canis predominantly affects the epididymis, the misleading term “orchitis” is still commonly used by clinicians. Of additional concern, diagnosis in dogs remains challenging because of variable sensitivity and specificity of serologic assays and fluctuations in bacteremia levels in infected dogs, reducing the sensitivity of blood culture. We describe here the histologic lesions in the scrotal contents of 8 dogs suspected of being infected with B. canis and clinically diagnosed with orchitis. We explored the possibility of using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time PCR (rtPCR) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues to detect the presence of B. canis. Epididymitis of variable chronicity was identified in all 8 dogs, with only 3 also exhibiting orchitis. Using rtPCR, the presence of B. canis was identified in 4 of 8 dogs, with 3 of these 4 dogs also positive by IHC. These results suggest that rtPCR and IHC are promising techniques that can be used in FFPE tissues to detect B. canis when other detection techniques are unavailable. Additionally, accurate recognition of epididymitis rather than orchitis in suspect cases could aid in accurate diagnosis.     

The genome of Brucella melitensis

The genome of Brucella melitensis strain 16M was sequenced and contained 3,294,931 bp distributed over two circular chromosomes. Chromosome I was composed of 2,117,144 bp and chromosome II has 1,177,787 bp. A total of 3198 ORFs were predicted. The origins of replication of the chromosomes are similar to each other and to those of other α-proteobacteria. Housekeeping genes such as those that encode for DNA replication, protein synthesis, core metabolism, and cell-wall biosynthesis were found on both chromosomes. Genes encoding adhesins, invasins, and hemolysins were also identified.     

动物布鲁氏菌病防治研究进展

布鲁氏菌病至今依然是在世界范围内流行的人畜共患传染病。除牛种、羊种、猪种、绵羊副睾种、犬种布鲁氏菌病的流行外，最近又发现了海洋种布鲁氏菌病的存在。对布鲁氏菌病的病原学诊断已从传统的分离培养鉴定发展到应用PCR、基因探针等分子生物学技术，诊断的敏感性大大提高了。在血清学诊断方面，EIISA技术已经成为国际公认的成熟技术。在预防用疫苗方面，牛用RB51和羊用Mlll两种粗糙型疫苗开辟了布鲁氏菌病防治的新领域，将更有效地推动布鲁氏菌病的防治效果。     

布鲁菌进化和分类学研究进展

布鲁菌属革兰氏阴性兼性胞内寄生菌,能感染多种宿主动物和人。该属可分为6个典型种,包括羊种、牛种、猪种、沙林鼠种、绵羊附睾种以及犬种布鲁菌等。此分类是基于其致病性以及宿主偏好性的差异划分。尽管6个种通过传统表型试验能区分,但布鲁菌种内采用DNA-DNA杂交证明DNA同源性高度一致（相似性大于90%）。因此有人提议布鲁菌由单一种组成,即布鲁菌属中只有羊种布鲁菌,其他种都是羊种菌的生物亚型之一。然而基于其他分子技术的基因分型表明其DNA多态性表现明显,说明目前对这个种的分型还是比较准确。而最近分离的海洋种布鲁氏菌分离株（鳍型和鲸型）采用传统分型标准和一些特异的分子标记也证明这种分型比较正确。本文对目前布鲁菌种属进化和分类学进行综述,希望对研究其进化和分类有所帮助。     

羊布鲁氏菌强毒株16M感染小鼠巨噬细胞模型的建立

巨噬细胞是机体抗吞噬能力最强的细胞,但布鲁氏菌不但不能被巨噬细胞杀死,反而能在胞内大量繁殖,因此,本研究建立其感染模型,为下一步继续研究布鲁氏菌与其宿主细胞表面相关膜蛋白之间的作用和胞内寄生机制奠定基础。用羊布鲁氏菌强毒株16M感染巨噬细胞系264.7（细胞和细菌比例为1∶500）,感染时间为4 h,建立布鲁氏菌感染巨噬细胞模型,做间接免疫荧光试验和透射电镜试验。间接免疫荧光试验中一抗与二抗最佳稀释度分别为1∶80和1∶80,电镜下观察到细菌侵入细胞时膜凹陷,形态发生变化,形成内吞小体。本试验减少感染过程所涉及的环境因素,优化了间接免疫荧光试验所需的一抗和二抗浓度比,成功建立感染模型。     

牛种布鲁杆菌PCR检测方法的研究

为了弥补血清学和微生物学方法检测和诊断布鲁菌病的种种不足,建立用布鲁菌BCSP31聚合酶链反应（PCR）快速检测布鲁菌病原的方法。根据编码牛种布鲁菌31 000外膜蛋白基因序列设计的一对特异性引物,扩增出预期350bp的基因片段。结果,此方法具有较高的特异性和敏感性,DNA最低检测量为0.42pg。结果表明,布鲁菌病原...     

牛布鲁氏菌OMP25的原核表达及表达产物的免疫学特性

目的研究布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白OMP25的克隆、测序和表达,并对其进行免疫特性检测。方法采用PCR技术对牛布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白OMP25基因进行了扩增和克隆测序,并成功构建了原核表达质粒pGEX-OMP25。将其转入E.coliBL21,经IPTG诱导表达,用电洗脱纯化后获得了高纯度的目的蛋白。纯化后的蛋白与弗氏佐剂乳化后免疫家兔得到了较高效价的抗血清。结论通过ELISA、Western-blotting分析及特异性检测试验,证明目的蛋白不仅具有抗原性且有良好的免疫反性。