石灰氮颗粒剂防治番茄根结线虫

用石灰氮颗粒剂(有效成分为氰胺化钙)进行了处理温室土壤防治番茄根结线虫试验。试验结果表明,石灰氮颗粒剂可较好地控制番茄根结线虫为害。石灰氮3.3,5.0,6.7kg/667m23个处理,药后90天土壤中2龄幼虫数量减退率分别为16.85%,31.58%和61.54%,而对照药剂1.8%阿维菌素乳油1.0L/667m2处理的线虫减退率为37.28%。药后90天石灰氮颗粒剂各处理防治效果分别为60.00%,66.00%和73.72%,而对照药剂为61.99%。石灰氮颗粒剂可有效地控制番茄根结线虫的为害,有较高的推广应用价值。     

Ni/Al2O3-MxOy催化剂催化松香氢化反应研究

研究了自制非贵金属纳米催化剂Ni/Al2O3-MxOy催化松香的氢化反应。结果表明,松香氢化的最适工艺条件为:反应温度210℃、反应压力4.5 MPa、反应时间2 h、催化剂用量2.5%、搅拌转速500 r/min,在此条件下枞酸转化率可达98%以上,催化剂可重复使用4次。     

棉铃虫脂肪酸结合蛋白的克隆与表达

为深入了解棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera脂肪酸结合蛋白HaFABP1在参与细胞内脂肪酸代谢过程中的功能,基于酵母单杂交结果从幼虫中肠cDNA中扩增得到HaFABP1的开发阅读框,构建重组菌株BL21-pET28a-HaFABP1,进行融合蛋白His-HaFABP1的诱导和纯化,并利用实时荧光定量PCR检测棉铃虫不同时期和组织中HaFABP1的表达规律,最后检测2-十三烷酮处理下棉铃虫6龄幼虫中肠组织内HaFABP1的变化情况。结果显示,克隆获得的棉铃虫HaFABP1为405 bp,编码134个氨基酸,相对分子量和等电点分别为15.08 kD和5.54;在37℃下用0.5 mmol/L异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导重组菌株4 h后,得到约18.4 kD的可溶性蛋白His-HaFABP1,纯化后的融合蛋白条带单一且大小符合预期;HaFABP1在棉铃虫的脂肪体、中肠、体壁和头部中都有表达,在头部的表达量最低,在中肠中的表达量最高;HaFABP1在棉铃虫幼虫的每个发育时期都有表达,表达量总体呈现先降低后升高的趋势,4龄时最低而1龄时最高;10 mg/g 2-十三烷酮处理饲料饲喂棉铃虫6龄幼虫6 h和15 h后,中肠内HaFABP1的表达量与对照相比显著提高,且随着时间的延长逐渐增加。表明HaFABP1与棉铃虫的生长发育有关,并且有可能参与了昆虫的解毒过程。     

Carbon Fluxes from Different Pools in a Mined Area under Reclamation in Minas Gerais State,Brazil

Despite the benefits of grass cultivation and organic fertilization in mining areas undergoing reclamation, these practices may be associated to CO₂ emissions and soil organic matter (SOM) losses by priming effect. In the present study, we evaluated the changes on SOM pools and C–CO₂ emissions in a bauxite‐mined area under reclamation fertilized with poultry litter (PL) (0, 10, 20, and 40 Mg ha⁻¹) and cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha . Increases of about 3·5 times in the soil labile C were observed 1 year after experiment establishment. High C–CO₂ fluxes and a significant positive priming effect were observed in the presence of B. brizantha , increasing native C mineralization by nearly 4·9 times. Nevertheless, no net soil C loss was detected, probably because of the C inputs derived from B. brizantha , which offset these losses. In fact, the grass increased total organic C by 45% when fertilized with 40 Mg PL ha⁻¹. The data obtained suggest that the cultivation of B. brizantha fertilized with PL can be a promising option for rapid recovery in SOM in areas under reclamation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FMDV OA/58病毒株VP3蛋白结构的模拟与分析

以口蹄疫病毒株OA／58 RNA为模板，反转录并扩增目的cDNA，然后与pMD18-T载体连接并转化JM109菌株，提取的重组质粒用凝胶电泳、PCR和BarnHⅠ、HindⅢ双酶切法鉴定。分析表明，口蹄疫病毒VP1、VP2、VP3和VP4在核苷酸水平上的变异率是无差异的（P〉0．05）；而它们在氨基酸水平上的变异率差异显著（P〈0．05）。该毒株与20株源于GenBank中的VP3氨基酸序列比较发现其保守区主要位于第1～24、26～35、37～43、45～57、61～122、124～173、175～209、211～220位。运用同源模建，OA／58 VP3蛋白三维空间结构可分为A，B，C3个结构区域。保守区氨基酸残基在维持VP3蛋白的空间构象和功能方面具有重要作用。     

梨叶片中苹果褪绿叶斑病毒的引物原位标记检测

 选用带苹果褪绿叶斑病毒的香梨叶片，制备成适合进行原位RT-PCR的石蜡切片。设计特异引物，利用引物原位标记技术对切片组织中的病毒进行了检测研究，结果表明，PRINS-FITC染色法和PRINS-Rhodamine染色法均能获得良好的检测效果，有病毒部位分别显示绿色荧光和红色荧光，而且荧光出现的位置与原位RT-PCR检测的结果一致。由此证明引物原位标记技术可用于果树病毒的原位检测。     

禽大肠杆菌巴氏杆菌融合二联弱毒菌株F4安全性免疫原性研究

用禽巴氏杆菌C48-1(5∶A)禽大肠杆菌O78的原生质体融合二联弱毒株F4的37℃24h马丁肉汤培养物,以3.45×109～6.90×1010CFU/只的4种不同剂量,分别肌肉注射接种5～40日龄粤黄鸡共216只,观察14d,结果表明F4株对20日龄以上的鸡安全性达100%。F4株的培养物肌注鸡体后4h从肝脏分离,如此连续通过粤黄鸡10代的试验表明,F4株的毒力是稳定的。以F4株的培养物3.45×109CFU/只肌注免疫200只20日龄粤黄鸡,免疫后第14天起每隔2周、直至第12周分别以C48-1、O78标准强毒菌的3×LD50剂量攻击;同时分别制备O78菌的超声粉碎抗原、菌体抗原、荚膜多糖抗原,C48-1菌的超声粉碎抗原、热稳定抗原、荚膜多糖抗原,建立检测血清中抗O78、C48-1的ELISA方法;免疫后每隔1周分别检测免疫鸡血清中的O78、C48-1IgG效价,直至免疫后84d。结果表明:F4株免疫后对O78的免疫保护率为14d50%、28d70%、42d65%、56d50%、84d35%,对C48-1的免疫保护率为14d25%、28d40%、42d75%、56d50%、84d30%。免疫鸡血清中抗O78、抗C48-1的IgG消长曲线均与免疫保护曲线相一致。     

Gene expression of fatty acid-binding proteins, fatty acid transport proteins (cd36 and FATP) and β-oxidation-related genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed fish oil or vegetable oil

Relative gene expression pattern of fatty acid transport proteins (FATP and cd36), intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP3, FABP10 and FABP11), β-oxidation-related genes [carnitine palmitoyl transferase II (CPTII), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β (PPARβ), acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX), long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (FACS), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (dehydrogenase)] and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was assessed by RT-qPCR in Atlantic salmon muscle (red and white), liver, heart, myosepta and visceral fat. FABP11, a FABP isoform not previously described in Atlantic salmon, was highly expressed in visceral fat and myosepta and at the lower level in red muscle, white muscle, myosepta and heart. Furthermore, Atlantic salmon were fed either a diet containing fish oil (FO) or a complete replacement of FO with a vegetable oil blend (55% rapeseed oil, 30% palm oil and 15% linseed oil; VO) for the production cycle (27 months from start of feeding and until ∼4.5 kg mean weight). The expression of genes related to β-oxidation, fatty acid uptake and transport in the white muscle indicate ( n  = 3) significant down-regulation in VO fed Atlantic salmon and correlated with previously reported white muscle triacylglycerol stores and β-oxidation. FABP11 in visceral fat and myosepta was also down-regulated in VO fed fish.     

FGF9调节性腺分化研究进展

性别决定过程是双潜能胚胎发育成睾丸或卵巢的过程.通过小鼠基因敲除试验以及在遗传水平分析性反转病人证明该过程是由多个基因调控的.论文综述了睾丸发育通路中信号分子成纤维细胞生长因子9(FGF9)在性腺分化中的作用.FGF9基因参与调节早期睾丸发育的3个重要事件,为调节性腺体腔上皮细胞增殖,促进Sertoli前体细胞形成,调节中肾细胞迁移,影响睾丸索的形成,FGF9诱导FGFR2在核内定位,并维持Sox9的表达.