禽巴氏杆菌B_(26)-T_(1200)弱毒冻干苗的研究 Ⅰ.禽巴氏杆菌B_(26)- T_(1200)弱毒菌株的选育

从广西各地患禽巴氏杆菌病急性死亡的鸡、鸭肝脏分离出５６株禽巴氏杆菌强毒株，经培养特性和生化特性试验鉴定，从中选出１５株典型禽巴氏杆菌菌株。Ｃａｒｔｅｒ荚膜抗原分型鉴定，１５株菌均为荚膜Ａ型，间接血凝滴度为１∶１６０～１∶６４０。通过毒力和免疫原性测定，从中选择毒力较强、免疫原性较好的Ｂ２５、Ｂ２６、Ｂ２７３菌株进行人工致弱，其中Ｂ２６菌株在０．１％裂解全血马丁汤中，通过物理诱变方法致弱，即在传代过程中，把培养温度由３７℃逐渐提高到４５℃，每１２ｈ传１代而成功致弱，传至１２００代时，毒力显著减弱，且仍保持其良好的免疫原性和培养特性，从而获得了禽巴氏杆菌Ｂ２６－Ｔ１２００弱毒菌株     

Prokaryotic Expression of Brucella BAB Gene and Establishment of iELISA

In this study,the genome of Brucella Rev.1 strain was used as a template to amplify the BAB gene sequence,clone it into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a(+),obtain the recombinant plasmid pET-30a-BAB,and perform prokaryotic expression on the recombinant plasmid.The indirect ELISA method was constructed by using the expression products detected by Western blotting.The results showed that the BAB gene was successfully cloned and expressed in this experiment,and the purified expression product was analyzed by SDS-PAGE.This study obtained a relatively pure recombinant BAB protein;Western blotting test showed that the expressed protein could react specifically with Brucella sheep positive serum and had good reactogenicity;Using the recombinant BAB protein as the coating antigen,an indirect ELISA method for detecting BAB antibodies was established and optimized.The best determined coating conditions were as follows BAB protein coating amount was 0.25 μg/mL,serum dilution was 1:400;blocking solution was 3% pig-derived gelatin;secondary antibody dilution was 1:6 000;color development time was 10 min.The established method was used to detect 40 clinical sheep serums,and the cut-off value was calculated to be 0.607.That was,when the serum tested had P/N ≥ 1.5 and D_{450 nm} ≥ 0.607,it was judged as positive,when D_{450 nm} ≤ 0.561,it was judged as negative,and when 0.607<D_{450 nm}<0.561,it was judged as a suspect value,and retest was required.Compared with the Huhong plate test and the test tube agglutination test,the positive coincidence rate was 100%,the negative coincidence rate was 71.88%,and the total coincidence rate was 77.5%.     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒姻台株gB基因的序列测定及其结构功能分析

研究以鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）烟台株为模板，PCIK扩增出1条约2．7的gB基因片段，并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中。序列测定显示，gB基因长2622bp，包含完的阅读框架。序列比较分析发现，烟台株和王岗株、河北株的班基因核苷酸序列与SA2株的比均在第89位上缺失1个碱基G，而在第102位核苷酸处插入1个碱基A，从而引起氨基酸序中第29-32位5个氨基酸的移码突变。烟台株还有另外7个碱基发生突变，使得其班基因与北株、王岗株、SA2疫苗株的gB基因核苷酸同源性分别为99．8％、99．7％和99．6％，氨基酸的同性分别为99．4％、99．4％、98．9％，表明不同ILTV毒株之间gB基因是非常保守的。划型相列河源     

复方中药提取物在新城疫B_1株免疫中的免疫增强作用

用自制的中药提取物与新城疫Ｂ１株混合后免疫５５日龄鸡，以血凝抑制试验测定新城疫抗体效价。结果表明，５５日龄鸡的中药提取物最佳用量为１．０ｍＬ，试验组鸡ＮＤ抗体效价明显高于对照组。免疫后６０ｄ用Ｆ４８Ｅ８新城疫强毒进行攻击，试验组的保护率达到１００％，而对照组相对较低。     

The effects of limb posture on relationships between in vitro radial hoof strain,load and joint angles

Reasons for performing study: Radial strain in normal hooves has been found to vary with strain gauge location, limb posture and sample limb but reported magnitudes were considered to be low. More accurate measurement of radial strain may enhance the understanding of hoof function. Objectives: To explore in vitro radial hoof strain in relation other kinetic and kinematic variables that may be related. Methods: Five normal forelimbs were removed at the proximal articular surface of the third metacarpal bone (McIII). The limbs were loaded using a modified Instron test machine. Six calibrated infrared cameras captured movement from markers on the hoof and bone fixed markers on the second and first phalanxes and McIII, whilst radial hoof strain was measured using a calibrated instrumented plug. Change in strain, joint angle and load were found at simulated walking postures and bivariate correlations were used to compare the relationships between them. Results: Radial strain was moderately correlated with proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) rotation (r =?0.519). Large reductions in radial strain were found in loading and midstance with 10° of heel lift postures. Conclusions and potential relevance: PIPJ rotation has previously been linked to the magnitude of deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) loads and it is therefore suspected that these loads may have the greatest influence on radial strain magnitudes. Further investigation of radial strain is needed to describe the patterns fully during the stance phase in vivo.     

甘蓝大田中降解菌对氯氰菊酯的降解动态研究

在大田甘蓝地中,以从菜园土壤和菠菜叶片分离得到的氯氰菊酯降解菌株T-1和菌株Y-3为研究对象,采用气相色谱法检测,对降解菌降解氯氰菊酯的残留动态进行研究。结果表明:与对照相比,降解菌对氯氰菊酯的降解有促进作用;菌株Y-3和菌株T-1在土壤中对氯氰菊酯的降解动态基本类似,半衰期均为10d;具有内生性的菌株Y-3在甘蓝植株体内对氯氰菊酯降解效果较好,半衰期为7d。     

中国大麦黄矮病毒及 BYDV-GAV 株系研究进展

大麦黄矮病毒（Barley yellow dwarf virus, BYDVs）隶属于黄症病毒科（Luteovirdae）黄症病毒属（Luteovirus），由该病毒引起的小麦黄矮病最早在美国发生并报道，此后在国外其他地域也曾有过发生报道。在我国，小麦黄矮病最早于 1960 年在陕西、甘肃发生并报道，近年来，在我国其他地区也有发生，该病害被称为麦类作物上的“癌症”，对麦类作物生产影响较大，为害严重时，造成麦类作物产量大幅降低。BYDV 株系的划分依据为其传毒介体蚜虫的传播专化性，即一个病毒株系只能由一种或两种蚜虫进行传播，根据 ICTV 国际病毒委员会分类系统报道，目前国际上确定的该病毒株系有 BYDV-MAV、BYDV-PAV、BYDV-RMV、BYDV-SGV 等，我国鉴定有 BYDV-PAV、BYDV-GPV、BYDV-GAV、BYDV-RMV 4 个株系，GAV 为我国流行株系。主要从 BYDV 的为害症状、株系分化、传播介体、基因组结构和功能、病害防治方面进行相关综述，着重介绍 BYDV-GAV 株系的抗性鉴定、抗性基因等方面的相关研究进展，以期为该病害的抗病育种和防治提供一定的理论基础。     

坛紫菜杂交品系优势的初步评价

通过坛紫菜诱变选育品系和野生选育品系间杂交,筛选出了4个经济性状优良的杂交品系(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ);杂交品系的子代表现出较大的杂交优势,既具有亲本优势,又具有超亲优势;品系Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ的3～5cm幼苗经过10d培育,平均日增重量的超标优势分别达12.35%、139.78%、107.57%和173.52%;杂种优势指数达99.83%、213.07%、184.44%和243.05%;品系Ⅱ耐高温能力较强,在29℃水温中可正常生存10d以上;品系Ⅲ在4个杂交品系中生长最快,培育20d时藻体的平均长度是父本的1.29倍,总藻胆蛋白含量最高,达(103.83±0.49)mg/g干品;品系Ⅳ和Ⅴ藻体宽而薄,不易腐烂和老化,其中品系Ⅳ叶绿素含量高达(9.79±0.48)mg/g干品,比母本高46.21;从杂交品系的性状稳定性来看,品系Ⅱ的F2和F3叶状体长度生长相对稳定,品系Ⅲ的F3叶状体经过选育后,生长性能比F2叶状体更加突出。和F2叶状体相比,品系Ⅳ的F3各项指标表现出较大的稳定性。本研究为坛紫菜杂交育种的应用积累了有用资料。     

橄榄鲜食新品系‘灵峰’和‘闽清2号’的主要性状综合评价

‘灵峰’和‘闽清2号’橄榄是从福州地区的‘长营’橄榄实生群体中筛选出的鲜食新品系。‘灵峰’橄榄果实椭圆形,平均单果重7.40 g,可食率81.00%,总糖4.10%,总酸1.16%,可溶性固形物11.40%,钙1230.00 mg.Kg-1;果皮黄绿色,果肉黄白色,果肉质地脆、化渣无涩味,回甘好,为晚熟类型。‘闽清2号’橄榄果实纺锤形,平均单果重7.60 g,可食率82.40%,总糖2.46%,总酸1.19%,可溶性固形物8.83%,钙627.33 mg.Kg-1;果皮绿色,果肉黄白色,果肉质地脆、化渣无涩味,风味清淡,并且表现出丰产和稳产特性,为中熟类型。‘灵峰’橄榄可作为鲜食品系,‘闽清2号’橄榄可作为鲜食兼加工品系。