具有HollingⅡ类功能反应和阶段结构捕食系统的全局稳定性

研究一类具有HollingⅡ类功能反应和捕食者、食饵均具有阶段结构的两种群捕食系统,得到了系统的一致持久性和周期系统存在唯一全局渐近稳定的周期解的充分条件.     

一类具有连续控制的传染病模型的全局渐近稳定性

建立了一类具有连续控制的有关传染性害虫的数学模型,研究了模型正平衡点的全局渐近稳定性,并得到了控制变量的最小上界.     

基于DCCA方法分析气候变化对四川省粮食产量的影响

选取四川省23个气象台站1961-2012年的年气温距平、降水量距平数据等气象资料以及四川省粮食产量数据,应用非线性时间序列的去趋势互相关分析（DCCA）方法对四川省粮食产量与年平均气温和年平均降水量两个主要气候因子的相关性及其随时间变化特征进行分析。结果表明：四川省粮食产量与年平均气温和年平均降水量这两个主要气候因子之间均表现出强烈的长期持续的正相关性特征,标度不变区间在52a以上。进一步对1990-2012年气候变化对四川省粮食产量的影响进行DCCA滑移分析,结果显示,尽管受到区域性气候暖干化趋势的影响,四川省粮食产量出现不稳定波动现象,但粮食产量整体受气候变化的影响程度在逐渐减弱,这可能得益于近年来四川省农业资金及科技力度的大幅投入。     

林丹环境安全性评价研究

为了评价林丹在环境介质中的持久性,对林丹的土壤降解、水解、光解与快速生物降解性进行了试验研究。结果表明,林丹的土壤降解半衰期为36．9～68．6d,水解半衰期为8．94～2310d,对光反应稳定,难以快速生物降解。林丹对斑马鱼的96h—LC50为4．22μg·L^-1,对环境生物具有极高的毒性;林丹在金鱼体内的生物富集系数BCF〉1000,具有较高的生物富集性。根据试验结果推断,林丹在环境介质中具有极强的稳定性,很容易在食物链中发生生物积累。     

鸡新城疫V4克隆株疫苗研究与应用Ⅱ.疫苗安全性免疫效力、免疫持续期及保存期试验

用克隆株NDV4HB92接种鸡胚,制备5批活疫苗,经无菌检验合格后用于试验。安全试验表明:用10倍使用量含毒胚液,接种7日龄雏鸡,无不良反应;疫苗最小免疫量试验表明,用104EID500.1mL免疫18日龄易感雏鸡,14d后攻毒保护力达9/10以上;免疫持续期试验证明,用106EID50免疫18日龄易感雏鸡,有效抗体(HI≥1∶16)可持续4个月以上;保存期试验证明:湿苗-15℃保存有效期为18个月,4～8℃保存为4个月。     

河西走廊地下水位的趋势性与持续性分析——以黑河干流中游地区为例

依据河西走廊黑河干流中游地区地下水位观测点时间序列观测资料,利用Kendall秩次相关和Hurst指数分别分析了53个观测点1985~2007年地下水位的趋势性和持续性特征。结果表明:河西走廊戈壁带和绿洲区地下水位的趋势性和持续性各不相同,地下水位的年均值与月均值都通过了显著性检验,呈下降趋势,且戈壁带下降幅度大于绿洲区,并具有一定持续性。     

黄腐酸对乙草胺生物活性及持效期的影响

采用玉米根长法或芽长法研究了黄腐酸对乙草胺的生物活性、持效期和除草效果的影响.结果显示:乙草胺浓度和玉米根芽生长呈明显负线性关系,乙草胺浓度与根芽的线性方程为Y1=0.098x1+9.449和Y2=0.079x2+22.255,相关系数R1=-0.9916、R2=-0.9809;黄腐酸能够提高乙草胺的生物活性和除草效果,并延长乙草胺的持效期,添加0.25%～4.00%黄腐酸,乙草胺抑制玉米芽长和根长的活性分别提高7.12%～14.27%和6.32%～11.65%,其持效期延长0.46～12.17天:施药后28天,添加0.5%～2.0%的黄腐酸使乙草胺防除稗草的鲜重抑制率提高11.93%～16.88%.     

An analysis of the persistence and potency of film‐coated seed protectant as influenced by various storage parameters

BACKGROUND: An efficient delivery system for seed‐protectant chemicals is needed in light of several disadvantages of conventional seed treatment methods. This study evaluates the efficacy of film‐coat application in maintaining the persistence and potency of imidacloprid on Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill. seeds after simultaneous storage under ambient and regulated environment in paper and aluminium packages. RESULTS: High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed 0.135 mg kg^?1 of herbage material to be the threshold value beyond which absolute control was obtained, and with film coating the latter was achieved even with half‐dosage seed treatment, irrespective of the storage condition. The technique provided early protection to the crop and also nullified the deleterious effects of ambient storage on the persistence and potency of the pesticide. CONCLUSION: Film coating enabled superior pesticide dosage as well as higher biological efficacy to be achieved. Hence, in addition to being an ecofriendly alternative, the technique would be a more economically viable option for storage of treated seeds. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Formulation affecting alachlor efficacy and persistence in sandy soils

BACKGROUND: The development of controlled‐release formulations of alachlor to extend the period of weed control was studied. This extended duration reduces the need for high herbicide application rates that could lead to environmental contamination. For this purpose, the influence of formulation, as well as the influence of soil characteristics, on alachlor efficacy and persistence in soil of a commercial formulation (CF) and different ethylcellulose microencapsulated formulations (MEFs) was evaluated. RESULTS: Higher alachlor rates yielded an enhanced initial herbicidal activity. The prolonged release of alachlor provided by the MEFs resulted in a higher herbicidal efficacy and a longer period of weed control compared with the effects of CF in the two soils tested (at 40 days after treatment, oat growth inhibition for CF and MEFs was 1.96% and 93.5% respectively). Soil characteristics strongly influenced alachlor efficacy and weed control by MEFs. The highest alachlor efficacy and persistence were observed in the soil with lowest microbial activity and clay and organic matter content. CONCLUSIONS: The use of MEFs can be advantageous because they permit the maintenance of the desired concentration of the herbicide in the soil for longer periods of weed control. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Residues of diflubenzuron on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and their efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella

Residues of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron were quantified on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves treated with a diflubenzuron 480 g litre^?1 SC, Dimilin. To analyse the samples, an analytical procedure was developed involving a simple extraction step followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography on an octadecyl‐modified silica column with methanol + 0.01 M ammonium acetate mobile phase. The results showed diflubenzuron to be highly stable on horse chestnut leaves; more than 4 months (127 days) after application, 38% (on average) of the insecticide still remained on/in the leaves. The data confirmed biological observations showing diflubenzuron's long‐term efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimi?, which is the most important pest of the horse chestnut in Europe. The hypothesis of possible penetration of diflubenzuron into the leaf mass is explored and discussed. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry