环介导等温扩增技术检测酸乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌

目的：建立快速准确检测酸乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌的方法.方法：根据蜡样芽孢杆菌hblA基因设计特异性引物,通过环介导等温扩增技术（LAMP）直接检测酸乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌,扩增产物电泳检测.结果：LAMP法检测酸乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌的特异性强,方法检出限6.4CFU/mL,人工污染检出限21CFU/mL.结论：LAMP法用于检测酸乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌的灵敏度高、耗时短,为酸乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌的快速检测提供了新的方法.     

PRRS流行毒株与减毒活疫苗TJM F92株qPCR区分方法的建立与应用

 
为快速准确区分PRRS流行毒株与减毒活疫苗TJM F92株以及对流行毒株进行定量检测,按GenBank中发表的美洲型PRRSV SX 1分离株、弱毒疫苗株NSP2基因缺失部位的不同设计了一对特异性引物,通过RT PCR和体外转录的方法,构建了体外转录RNA作为标准品,并对反应条件和反应体系进行优化,旨在建立一种敏感性高、特异性强、重复性和稳定性良好的qPCR鉴别方法。结果表明,该方法最低能检测出1.0×101拷贝/μL的模板,敏感性比常规PCR高100倍;应用该方法对218份临床样本进行鉴别与定量,qPCR检出率较常规RT PCR高12.9个百分点。研究表明,qPCR鉴别方法的建立实现了对PRRS流行毒株与疫苗毒株的快速区分以及对流行毒株的定量检测,为PRRS的快速诊断提供了依据。     

基于CLEC语料库平台对非英语专业学生写作错误分析及对策研究

英语写作是非英语专业学生英语学习过程中必须掌握的一项输出能力,也是学生英语学习的薄弱环节。随着语料库在理论和技术上的日趋成熟,语料库应用于外语教学的趋势越来越明显,人们也越发重视语料库在英语教学中不可低估的作用。本文试图通过中国学习者英语语料库(CLEC)这一平台,分析中国非英语专业学生写作中典型的词汇及语法错误的特点,探讨所应该采取的教学策略。     

β-环糊精修饰聚乙烯醇纳米纤维的制备及其吸附性质研究

通过静电纺丝技术,以聚乙烯醇（PVA）与戊二醛为原料制得聚乙烯醇纳米纤维薄膜（PVA—NF膜）。先在酸性条件下,使该薄膜交联成非水溶性的纳米纤维薄膜（c-PVA—NF膜）,而后在碱性条件下,先将环氧氯丙烷与膜反应,将环氧丙基键合到膜上,继而将β-环糊精与环氧基反应修饰到膜表面,制备出具有选择吸附性能并可重复利用的纳米纤维材料（c—PVA—B—CD—NF膜）。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜表征,确定所制得膜表面已成功键合上β-环糊精,且键合前后膜表面形态无明显变化。本文以酚酞为探针,用于检测c—PVA-13-CD—NF膜对其溶液的吸附行为,用紫外分光光度检测所制得的c—PVA—B～CD—NF膜对酚酞的吸附效率。实验表明,相对于未修饰的c—PVA—NF膜,c—PVA—B—CD～NF膜对酚酞的吸附能力显著增强,并在30min达到吸附平衡,最大吸附量为88mg／g。     

Effects of Peracetic Acid （PAA） Combined with Calcium Treatments on Storage Quality of Loquat Fruit

[Objective] The paper was to evaluate effects of peracetic acid （PAA） combined with calcium treatments on storage quality of Ioquat fruits, so as to pro- vide practical techniques to solve the problems of postharvest rot and quality deteri- oration for Ioquat fruits. [Method] With Ioquat fruits of Qingzhong variety as materi- als, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCI2 was used to soak Ioquat fruits for 4 min, 0.8% CaCl2 and water treatments were set as two controls; the fruits were dried and packaged by 0.02 mm PE bags, then stored under non-chilling low temperature of （7±1） ℃. The indicators related to storage quality of Ioquat fruits were randomly tested once every 3 d, and their variation situations were analyzed. [Result] Compared with two control treatments and 0.2% PAA, 0.8% PAA combined with calcium treatments, the treatment of 0.4% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCl2 could significantly inhibit rot index, weight loss rate, firmness and cell membrane permeability of Ioquat fruits during storage period, which could also effectively delay the reduction of titratable acid, vitamin C, soluble solid content and juice yield, and maintain respiration intensity of fruits at a low level; the appearance and flavor qual- ity of fruits were good after stored for 25 d. [Conclusion] 0.4% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCl2 treatment is an efficient, safe and economical practice technology in an- ti-corrosion and quality preservation for postharvest Ioquat fruits .     

豹猫和金猫针毛红外光谱比较研究

[目的]研究比较豹猫和金猫针毛红外光谱。[方法]使用傅立叶红外光谱对豹猫和金猫两种野生动物毛发进行了检测和分析。[结果]在豹猫和金猫针毛的中部红外图谱及其二阶导数谱均具有明显的种间差异,如648 cm-1和654 cm-1波数处金猫出现明显 M 形双峰吸收峰,而豹猫没有;金猫的二阶导数谱在709-763 cm-1范围内以峰强较大的单峰为主,豹猫则以峰强较小的 M 形双峰为主,这均说明两种动物毛发的蛋白侧链的构成上则存在较大的差异。[结论]红外光谱分析方法可以应用于动物毛发的种间识别,在毛发的研究领域有较好的应用前景。     

稀土钇对水稻的潜在生物效应（英文）

[目的]通过研究土壤中硝酸钇对水稻生物量和生物酶活的影响,探索富钇稀土矿区植物疯长但不结果的原因。[方法]将不同浓度的硝酸钇溶液喷洒于土样之上,充分混合土样后置于培养皿,培养稻种以便后续检测。[结果 ]当土壤Y含量在25~100 mg/kg范围内,生物量（总重量,根重,茎重、叶重）、生长绿素（CHL）含量与水稻的蛋白质含量显著增长;土壤Y含量在200~800 mg/kg范围内,芽和水稻根中的抗氧化系统如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）受到抑制,均呈现下降趋势。丙二醛（MDA）的含量增加,当土壤Y含量在25-100mg/kg、100~800 mg/kg范围内,芽和水稻根中的丙二醛（MDA）浓度下降。这表明,低浓度的Y可促进植物生长,相对较高的浓度抑制生长。[结论]从矿区采矿区、农田和脐橙园采集的土壤中Y的含量分别为641±49,328±16和473±40 mg/kg,研究区的Y含量均高于效益水平100 mg/kg,这可能是导致植物疯狂生长但不结果的原因。因此,矿区的谨慎管理是必要的。     

Conditional QTL Mapping of Sedimentation Volume on Seven Quality Traits in Common Wheat

To evaluate the possible genetic interrelationships between flour components and the sedimentation volume（SD）,a doubled haploid（DH） population comprising 168 lines were used to identify the conditional quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for SD in three environments.Ten additive QTLs and 15 pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected for SD through unconditional and conditional QTL mapping.Three major additive QTLs were detected for SD conditioned on the seven quality traits.Two additive QTLs were found to be independent of these traits.Three additive QTLs were suppressed by three of the seven traits because of non-detection in unconditional mapping.Three pairs of epistatic QTLs were completely affected by the seven traits because of detection in unconditional mapping but no-detection in conditional mapping.Twelve pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected in conditional mapping.Our results indicated that conditional mapping could contribute to a better understanding of the interdependence of different and closely correlated traits at the QTL molecular level,especially some minor QTLs were found.The conditional mapping approach provides new insights that will make it possible to avoid the disadvantages of different traits by breeding through molecular design.     

生长调节剂对枣果实表面气孔的影响

为了探讨植物生长调节剂对枣果实表面气孔形态和密度的影响,以大白铃和大瓜枣为试材,研究不同浓度的2,4-D（2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸）和TDZ（苯基噻二唑基脲）处理对枣果实表面的气孔密度、气孔畸变率、气孔开度和气孔保卫细胞长宽的影响.结果表明：1 g·L-1的2,4-D处理可以显著降低大瓜枣果皮气孔密度,且果实生长发育良好,但对气孔开度无显著影响;0.1～0.2 g· L-1的TDZ处理可以显著降低枣果皮气孔开度,但显著增加了气孔密度,并对果实伤害较大;2,4-D和TDZ处理随浓度增大,果皮畸形气孔比例显著增大.     

中原经济区粮食生产的区域差异及其政策启示

中原经济区优越的农业生产条件和突出的粮食区位优势,决定了自身的战略定位及其在国家粮食安全体系中的重要地位。但全区范围内各粮食产区、各地市粮食生产情况差异较大,使得全区粮食工作面临较为复杂的局面。对此,应采取切实措施,一方面科学规划,加快推进以河南省为中心、辐射周边地区的粮食生产核心区建设,因地制宜地优化粮食作物结构与区域布局,提高全区粮食综合生产能力;另一方面还应适时建立全区粮食工作的沟通、协调机制,加强信息沟通和技术交流,促进粮食生产的全面协调发展。