葡萄果实硬度及影响硬度的主要因素

葡萄果实硬度是葡萄果实商品性的重要衡量指标,越来越受到果树生产者和育种者的重视。为了使人们对相关研究成果有更好的了解,促进对葡萄果实硬度的进一步深入研究,文章就葡萄果实硬度及影响硬度的主要因素的研究进展进行了总结归纳和梳理,阐述了葡萄果实硬度及测量方法,生长发育过程中和采后贮藏期葡萄果实硬度的变化规律,以及影响葡萄果实硬度的内外因素,内部因素即果实细胞自身结构和所含有的特殊离子成分,外部因素为外源激素以及外界环境条件。     

Morphological characterization and notes on the life cycle of a newly discovered variant of Loma salmonae (Putz, Hoffman & Dunbar) from a natural infection of chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum)

Two variants of Loma salmonae occur in net-pen reared chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. The typical variant (OA) has a host specificity for salmonids of the genus Oncorhynchus whereas the atypical variant (SV) has a host specificity for brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, and in this study, the ultrastructure of the two are compared. In fish at 8 weeks post-exposure xenomas of the SV variant have a very high proportion of mature spores compared with other developmental stages, while in xenomas of the OA variant there are fewer spores and many other developmental stages. Spores of the SV variant had up to 20 turns of their polar tube whereas those of the OA variant only had 17. Furthermore, the spores of the SV variant were significantly larger than those of the OA variant. The sporophorous vesicle for both variants appears to form around a sporogonial plasmodia, which results in many spores developing within the vesicle.     

台湾渔业发展概况

本文从统计数学、养殖模式及教育科研三方面简要介绍台湾渔业发展概况。     

The role of learning in fish orientation

Past research on fish orientation and migration has tended to focus on genetically fixed patterns of behaviour. However, in most aquatic environments, the physical landscape as well as biologically important locations will be subject to varying degrees of change, favouring an ability to learn. Here, we review the evidence from field and laboratory‐based experiments that fish can and do use learning and memory to orientate within their natural environments, relying on information from a diverse array of different sources. Comparisons of different species and populations suggest that fish may be predisposed to learn specific associations at specific times or places, appropriate for the particular navigational problems that they are likely to encounter.     

What are the prospects for black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro) aquaculture in salt‐affected inland Australia?

Black bream are a highly regarded sport and table fish, and there has been considerable interest in their aquaculture potential for the salt‐affected agricultural regions of inland southern Australia. In many ways they are an ideal candidate species for inland saline aquaculture because they appear to be very hardy, hatchery techniques are well established for them, and high survival rates have been maintained under a variety of culture conditions and feeding regimes. However, their slow growth rate needs to be increased by at least 33% for black bream to become an economically viable aquaculture species. Growth is amenable to genetic improvement, and sub‐adult growth rate shows moderate heritability and no adverse genetic correlations with other production traits. Nevertheless fillet yield is comparatively low, and in conjunction with unpredictable and early sexual development in culture, industry‐scale meat production remains problematic. These obstacles, however, do not preclude the use of black bream as a recreational fish species for inland saline waters, where their stocking may provide an additional source of rural income and relieve fishing pressure on depleted estuarine populations.     

建水县林业生态建设现状及发展对策初探

通过分析建水县林业生态建设现状及存在的问题,结合我县当前的生态环境形势,提出林业生态建设的奋斗目标及发展对策,以期为更好推动建水县林业生态建设的可持续发展提供一定的指导依据。     

我国海洋休闲渔业发展模式初探 --以舟山蚂蚁岛省级休闲渔业示范基地为例的实证分析

休闲渔业已经成为我国海洋旅游的新亮点和海岛经济发展的新兴产业。本文通过分析舟山蚂蚁岛成功打造省级休闲渔业示范基地的模式，提出海洋休闲渔业的发展应注重挖掘海洋文化和地方特色，与旅游等三产发展相结合，与落实“五个统筹”、建设社会主义现代化新型渔农村以及构建和谐社会相结合，并探讨了我国海洋休闲渔业的发展模式。提出了规划要科学化、统筹化，经营要产业化、集约化，管理要规范化、法制化，发展要可持续化等对策建议。     

Protection by iron salts against sporidesmin intoxication in sheep

A number of iron compounds have been shown to protect sheep against the harmful effects of the facial eczema toxin, sporidesmin. Various salts were found to be effective; the oxidation state of the metal was not important although water-solubility did appear to be a prerequisite for prophylactic activity. The effect of iron salts was additive with that of zinc, and it is suggested that the protective action of these compounds results from their ability to inhibit the absorption of copper, consistent with the previously-proposed freeradical mechanism for sporidesmin toxicity.     

21世纪高校学生工作发展趋势初探

２１世纪信息时代的到来和高等教育改革的不断深化，对我国高校学生工作提出了严峻的挑战。在这种新的形势下，高校学生工作将呈现五种发展趋势。