Effects of butylphthalide on atherosclerosis lesion and VCAM-1 expression in aortic wall of ApoE-/- mice

AIM: To observe the protective effects of butylphthalide on atherosclerosis lesion and vascular cell adhesion molecular-1 (VCAM-1) expression in the aortic wall of ApoE^-/- mice, and to explore the possible mechanism underlying these beneficial effects.METHODS: Male ApoE^-/- mice at 6 weeks of age (n=90) were randomly divided into 3 groups. Thirty ApoE^-/- mice fed with high-fat diet and treated with saline simultaneously were defined as model group. Thirty ApoE^-/- mice fed with high-fat diet and treated with butylphthalide (100 and 200 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) were defined as treatment groups. Thirty wild-type C57BL/6J mice treated with saline were defined as control group. Fifteen mice in each group were sacrificed both at the ages of 18 and 30 weeks. The body weight, food intake and water intake were monitored weekly through the experiment. The lipid profiles were determined both at 18 and 30 weeks of age. Aortic roots were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for pathological examination. Serum ox-LDL, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were examined by ELISA. The expression of VCAM-1 at mRNA and protein levels was determinate by real-time PCR and Western blot in the thoracic aortas. RESULTS: Compared with control group, at 18 and 30 weeks of age, the body weight, serum lipid profiles and inflammatory factors were increased, while the atherosclerotic plaques were raised. The mRNA and protein levels of VCAM-1 were up-regulated. However, serum lipid levels in butylphthalide treatment groups (both at doses of 100 and 200 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) were decreased significantly. Serum ox-LDL, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were also decreased by butylphthalide treatment. Furthermore, atherosclerotic plaque areas in the aortic roots were reduced by butylphthalide treatment. In addition, the expression of VCAM-1 at mRNA and protein levels in the thoracic aortas was down-regulated by butylphthalide treatment.CONCLUSION: Butylphthalide delays the occurrence of high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis and down-regulates the expression of VCAM-1 in the ApoE^-/- mice, which may be due to its alleviative effects on hyperlipidemia and inflammation.     

病原性河流弧菌对青石斑鱼体表黏液黏附特性研究

采用3H-TdR同位素示踪法研究了河流弧菌对不同处理后的青石斑鱼表皮黏液的黏附作用。结果显示：青石斑鱼表皮黏液经40、60和80 ℃热处理10 min后河流弧菌的黏附率出现显著性升高，而100 ℃处理10 min则能极显著降低河流弧菌的黏附作用；蛋白酶K和胰蛋白酶处理黏液对河流弧菌的黏附作用没有显著影响，高碘酸处理则能极显著提高河流弧菌的黏附率；8种碳水化合物中的葡萄糖、甘露糖、甘露醇、麦芽糖能极显著促进河流弧菌的黏附作用，乳糖、果糖及蔗糖能显著性促进河流弧菌的黏附作用；半乳糖则没有显著性影响；高浓度的细胞表面提取物能显著抑制河流弧菌的黏附作用，但较低浓度的细胞表面提取物反而有一定的促进作用；青石斑鱼表皮黏液经Sephadex G-100分离得到3个洗脱峰，河流弧菌对第1个洗脱峰的黏附作用最强。本文研究结果表明，病原性河流弧菌对青石斑鱼表皮黏液有较强的黏附作用；青石斑鱼表皮黏液中存在特异性黏附受体；黏液中的主要黏附受体是热稳定性较高、耐蛋白酶K和胰蛋白酶的大分子物质。     

牛源坏死梭杆菌43K外膜蛋白的黏附特性研究

旨在明确牛源坏死梭杆菌43K OMP的黏附特性。将43K OMP基因克隆连接至pET-32a载体,转化入大肠杆菌BL21 DE3中,通过IPTG诱导进行原核表达,应用黏附试验、天然蛋白竞争试验、抗体抑制试验和蛋白酶水解试验,明确牛源坏死梭杆菌43K OMP的黏附性,同时将纯化的重组蛋白和提取的天然43K OMP与牛子宫内膜细胞和牛乳腺上皮细胞共孵育,观察43K OMP对细胞的黏附作用。结果显示：43K OMP基因克隆到pET-32a载体中,随后在大肠杆菌BL21 DE3以包涵体形式成功表达;携带重组质粒(H2019)的大肠杆菌经IPTG诱导后,与空载体对照相比,与宿主细胞的结合显著增强(P<0.05);天然43K OMP与细胞共孵育后,黏附细胞的细菌数量显著降低(P<0.05);H2019与43K OMP多抗或单抗预孵育后,显著降低黏附宿主细胞的细菌数量(P<0.05);经不同浓度蛋白酶K处理H2019后,黏附细胞的细菌数量显著降低(P<0.05),且与蛋白酶K浓度呈现剂量依赖关系。同时,43K OMP天然蛋白和重组蛋白能黏附于牛子宫内膜细胞和乳腺上皮细胞表面。...     

三种树种木纤维的漆酶活化胶合

通过测定经漆酶活化处理后的思茅松、枫香和杉木纤维制成的纤维板的内结合强度,对木纤维活化后的胶合性能进行了比较.结果显示:在相同条件下进行漆酶活化处理,不同树种木纤维的自身胶合性能有一定差别,可能与其木素含量有关;不同树种木纤维进行酶活化反应时介质最佳pH值均在酸性范围,但略有差别.     

果园悬挂式柔性对靶喷雾装置研制与试验

为减少农药飘移损失,保护生态环境,该研究从提高喷雾有效性和降低喷雾装置对果树枝叶的机械性损伤出发,研制了一种悬挂式柔性对靶喷雾装置。该装置以东方红MS-304拖拉机为载体,采用超声波传感器探测树冠位置,利用霍尔传感器构建测速模块。对株距4.0 m、树高1.6 m、树冠直径1.4 m的橘树进行对靶喷雾试验验证悬挂式柔性对靶喷雾装置作业性能。试验结果表明：拖拉机行驶速度为0.5 m/s时,喷雾压力0.4、0.5及0.6 MPa对应的平均药液附着率分别为84.7%、91.7%、88.9%,药液附着率较高且接近,喷雾压力对药液附着率的影响不明显;拖拉机行驶速度为1.0 m/s时,喷雾压力0.4、0.5和0.6 MPa对应的平均药液附着率分别为64.2%、70.3%、75.8%,喷雾压力越大,药液附着率越高;拖拉机行驶速度为 1.5 m/s时,平均药液附着率低于50%,且喷雾飘移较为严重,不适宜进行自动对靶喷雾;拖拉机行驶速度和喷雾压力相同时,药液附着率按树冠上、中、下层顺序呈递减规律,且速度越高,递减规律越明显。研究结果对提高果园对靶喷雾的药液附着率具有较好的实用价值。     

百合花粉管粘附与定向生长相关基因SCA的克隆及基因多样性分析

以亚洲百合‘Tresor’、麝香百合‘White heaven’和东方百合‘Caruso’为试材,首次在百合基因组中扩增到SCA基因全长序列,在亚洲百合和东方百合中分别获得4个SCA基因拷贝,在麝香百合中获得3个SCA基因拷贝,各拷贝之间具有72.97%～99.68%相似性。从百合基因组中克隆到的SCA基因均含有两个外显子和一个内含子,推导编码113～115个氨基酸残基的前体蛋白(其中成熟蛋白均含91个氨基酸残基)。SCA蛋白具有典型的LTP蛋白N端信号肽,保守的8个半胱氨酸残基和2个五肽模序,并且氨基酸序列之间的相似性高于基因序列相似性,为87.91%～98.90%。亚洲百合、麝香百合、东方百合SCA氨基酸序列比对发现在某些氨基酸位点存在着明显种系间差异。在系统进化树中,三个杂种系的11个SCA基因的氨基酸序列与单子叶植物LTP亲缘关系较近,与双子叶植物较远,这与植物分类学中亲缘关系的远近相一致。