一氧化碳对切花月季瓶插寿命和抗氧化代谢的影响

 研究了不同浓度(0.001、0.01和0.1μmol·L ^{- 1} ) 的外源一氧化碳(CO) 供体高铁血红素(Hematin, H) 对切花月季‘影星’的瓶插寿命和抗氧化代谢的影响。结果表明, 与对照相比, CO供体在0.001～0.01μmol·L ^{- 1}范围内, 随使用浓度的提高延长了切花月季的瓶插寿命, 其中0.01μmol·L ^{- 1}处理效果最明显, 而0.1μmol·L ^{- 1}的处理反而缩短切花月季的瓶插寿命。进一步研究发现, H 0.01μmol·L ^{- 1}处理还不同程度地上调前期过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性, 显著降低MDA含量。     

1-甲基环丙烯对高温下香蕉果实后熟的影响

以香蕉果实为试材,研究了1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对高温逆境下香蕉果实后熟生理的影响。结果表明:35℃高温下贮藏的香蕉果实出现了明显的青皮熟现象,而0.5μL/L的1-MCP处理24h后可显著抑制高温下贮藏果实硬度的降低,延缓果皮细胞膜透性的升高,同时有效地延迟了果肉中淀粉酶活性升高、淀粉含量下降及可溶性糖含量上升。1-MCP处理果实于35℃下贮藏9d后移入20℃环境,进一步延缓了这些后熟生理变化。1-MCP和高温均抑制了果皮叶绿素含量下降,因此1-MCP处理减轻了香蕉热害的程度,延长了果实在高温下的贮藏寿命。     

TritonX-100对月季切花效应的研究

以月季为材料,研究聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(TritonX-100)预处理缓解水分胁迫对切花的影响.结果表明:体积分数0.01 % TritonX-100预处理1 h能有效缓解短期水分胁迫对月季切花水分代谢的影响,从而使切花瓶插寿命接近正常水平.     

桃的分级贮藏研究

以碧霞蟠桃为试材,硬度和果皮底色为成熟指标,将其分成3个成熟度等级进行贮藏,以腐烂、褐化的临界点为贮藏结束适期指标.结果表明:1级、2级适合贮藏45～60 d,3级适合贮藏30～45 d,依不同成熟度分别贮藏,以贮藏适期陆续供应市场,既延长了供应期,也较好地保证了贮藏桃的品质.     

几个日韩梨品种贮藏性评价

研究了几个主栽的日韩梨品种贮藏中的品质变化.结果表明:不同品种贮藏过程中的硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸变化差异不大,但好果率和果肉品质的表现在品种间差异明显,新高的贮藏性较好,丰水的贮藏性较差,黄金和圆黄介于二者之间,为选择适宜的贮藏品种及出库时间提供了参考.     

梨果实贮藏中可溶性果胶和半纤维素分子结构的变化

 为了了解分子结构变化与耐藏性的关系，以耐贮性不同的苹果梨和新高梨为试材，利用Ultrogel AcA 22凝胶柱渗漏分离，比较了梨贮藏中可溶性果胶和半纤维素分子大小的变化。结果表明，苹果梨的半纤维素分子大于新高梨。在贮藏过程中，耐贮性强的苹果梨果实可溶性果胶分子大小变化不明显，但半纤维素分子明显变小。相反，新高梨的可溶性果胶分子明显变小，而未观察到半纤维素分子大小的变化。说明梨的耐贮性与可溶性果胶分子结构变化及半纤维素分子大小有关，而与半纤维素分子结构变化没有直接关系。     

Effect of exogenous putrescine on post-harvest life of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) fruit,cultivar Selva

Effect of different concentrations of putrescine on post-harvest life of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) fruit, cultivar Selva at 5 °C was studied. Fruits were immerged in 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM putrescine as well as distilled water (control) for 5 min, then transferred into the fridge (5 °C) together with untreated fruits (dry treatment). The rate of weight loss, ethylene production, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and pH of fruits were determined 5, 9 and 13 days after the beginning of storage. Flesh firmness, appearance, color change and taste of fruits were also determined in the same intervals using a taste panel. Storage life of the strawberry fruits was significantly increased by the use of putrescine, so that the untreated and control fruits had 6 and 8 days storage life, respectively, while the immerged fruits in 1 and 2 mM putrescine were still suitable to be exposed in the market 12 and 14 days after the beginning of storage, respectively. No significant weight losses were observed in treated fruits compared to controls and dry treatment at all determination times. Ethylene production was decreased significantly by the use of putrescine. Untreated fruits (dry treatment) had the highest rate of ethylene production and the lowest rate was occurred in 2 mM putrescine treatment at all determination times (5, 9 and 13 days after the beginning of storage). The use of putrescine also prevented the softening of fruit flesh during the storage and kept their firmness, so that, the 2 mM putrescine treatment caused the highest fruit firmness at all determination times. Distilled water treatment (control) had the lowest fruit firmness 5 and 9 days after storage, while this occurred for the dry treatment 13 days after storage. Soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity of the fruits were not significantly affected by the use of putrescine, but the highest and lowest rate of titratable acidity were related to the 2 mM putrescine and dry treatment, respectively, at the three determination times. Overall, the quality of fruits was improved by the use of 2 mM putrescine in terms of properties evaluated by the taste panel.     

青海湖旅游区生命周期研究

立足青海湖旅游区实际,在分析影响旅游区生命周期的诸因素基础上,提出了延长该区旅游生命周期的具体措施。     

害草薇甘菊生防因子——安婀珍蝶的自然种群生命表研究

室外设立隔离网笼，在自然气候条件下，饲养、释放薇甘菊重要生防因子——安婀珍蝶，研究了安婀珍蝶野外释放后对广东地区环境的适应能力；利用庞雄飞作用因子组配的生命表方法，组建安婀珍蝶自然种群生命表，量化分析评价各因子对安婀珍蝶的影响。结果表明：释放安婀珍蝶两代的自然种群趋势指数分别为0．0872和0．0939，都非常低，安婀珍蝶野外增殖能力较差。第一代和第二代中“捕食与其他”的控制作用指数分别为190．0191和84．8973，均高于其他因子的控制作用，“捕食与其他”为影响安婀珍蝶生长发育的重要因子。综合上述结果认为，需通过大量饲养人工释放、补充幼虫数量的方法，逐步提高安婀珍蝶在野外建立自然种群的能力。     

轮纹异痂蝗生物学特性初步研究

研究结果表明:轮纹异痂蝗在通辽1年发生1代,以卵在土中越冬。越冬卵于翌年5月上中旬孵化,蝗蝻共4龄,全蝻期26～32 d,6月上、中旬为羽化盛期。7月上、中旬为产卵盛期,卵产在土中深4～6 cm处。成虫可活到9月中旬。轮纹异痂蝗喜食菊科和百合科等幼嫩多汁的植物,食量为每头每日食鲜草1.05 g,每666.7 m²可损失鲜草10.25～12.75 kg。