猪圆环病毒的分子生物学检测

根据GenBank中发表的猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirus type 2, PCV-2)基因组序列,利用Primier5设计了一对特异性引物,分别采用CTAB法和DNA试剂盒提取猪脾脏总DNA,用PCR方法扩增猪PCV-2基因保守区序列,并对PCR扩增程序进行优化,对PCR检测方法的敏感性、重复性做了研究。结果显示扩增的目的片段约为573 bp,94°C 30 sec,60°C 30 sec,72°C 30 sec,30个循环扩增效果最好;模板DNA最低稀释倍数为100倍,即能检测到最低模板DNA的质量为25.8 ng;同一组织不同部位PCR检测的重复性较好;该检测方法为PCV-2的快速检测提供了方法和依据。     

Displaying epitope B and epitope 7 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on virus like particles of porcine circovirus type 2 provides partial protection to pigs

The Cap of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) can be assembled into virus like particles (VLPs) in vitro that have multiple loops located on the particle surface. This would make it a good vehicle for displaying exogenous proteins or epitopes. We derived two epitopes, epitope B (EpB, S³⁷HIQLIYNL⁴⁵) and epitope 7 (Ep7, Q¹⁹⁶WGRL²⁰⁰) from Gp5 of the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV). We replaced the core region of Loop CD (L⁷⁵PPGGGSN⁸²) and the carboxyl terminus (K²²²DPPL²²⁶) of PCV2 Cap, respectively, to construct a bi-epitope chimeric PCV2 Cap. Its immunogenicity and protective effects were evaluated as one PRRSV subunit vaccine. The chimeric PCV2 Cap was soluble, efficiently expressed in an Escherichia coli expression system, and could be self-assembled into chimeric virus like particles (cVLPs) with a diameter of 12–15 nm. Western blotting confirmed that the cVLPs could be specifically recognized by anti-PCV2, anti-EpB and anti-Ep7 antibodies. The cVLPs vaccine could alleviate the clinical symptoms and reduce the viral loads after HP-PRRSV challenge in 100–120 days old pigs. These data suggest that the cVLPs vaccine could provide pigs with partial protection against homologous PRRSV strains, and it provides a new design for additional PRRSV subunit vaccines.     

猪细小病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒和猪圆环病毒2型多重PCR检测方法的建立与应用

根据GenBank中已发表的猪细小病毒(porcine parvovirus,PPV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)和猪圆环病毒2型 (porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)基因序列,对各病毒基因区进行同源性分析,确定PPV 的VP2、PRV的 gD、和PCV2的ORF2基因为各病毒的诊断靶序列,设计特异性引物,在建立各病毒单项PCR技术的基础上,优化多重PCR反应条件,建立了3种病毒的多重PCR技术,可同时扩增PPV 313 bp、 PRV 217 bp和PCV2 447 bp的特异性片段。用多重PCR技术与单项PCR技术对比检测试验证明两者的符合率为100％,表明建立的多重PCR检测方法,具有特异、快速、准确的特点,可同时鉴别诊断这3种病毒。从10个发病猪场和门诊病例的病猪采集的211份样品,用建立的多重PCR检测方法,检出PPV阳性42份,阳性率为19.91%;PRV阳性26份,阳性率为12.32%;PCV2阳性56份,阳性率为26.54%;2种以上病毒混合感染25份,混合感染阳性率为11.85%。检测结果表明,山西省猪群已感染这3种疫病。     

猪圆环病毒2型10JS-2株的分离与全基因组序列分析

本试验从江苏某猪场采集猪血清,进行猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的检测和分离,根据GenBank中登录的PCV2全基因组序列,设计1对特异性引物,扩增PCV2全基因组,并且进行序列测定和分析。发现一株PCV2 10JS-2的基因组全长为1779 nt,在病毒复制起始区域含有11个碱基的插入。在GenBank中对含有11个碱基插入的毒株序列进行BLAST发现,有两株PCV2(AY321993和EF565360)也有11个碱基的插入,但是与10JS-2比较,插入的碱基和插入的位置不同。遗传进化分析显示10JS-2属于PCV2a基因型,AY321993和EF565360属于PCV2b基因型,因此推断10JS-2可能是由PCV2a基因型的毒株在复制起始区域发生碱基插入形成的。这是首次发现此类PCV2毒株。     

猪圆环病毒2b型Cap蛋白多克隆抗体制备及其生物学特性分析

为了使猪圆环病毒2b型(PCV2b)Cap蛋白在猪圆环病毒病等疾病的诊断和防制方面取得更有效的应用,本试验将编码PCV2b Cap蛋白的ORF2基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,并构建pET-32a-ORF2重组质粒,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21受体菌后,通过IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白,将重组蛋白用镍柱进行纯化并免疫大白兔,制备兔抗PCV2b Cap蛋白的多克隆抗体。利用ELISA、Western blotting、间接免疫荧光及病毒交叉反应等试验对制备的多克隆抗体进行生物学特性检测。ELISA检测结果显示,该抗体效价可达到1:2¹⁶;Western blotting检测结果显示,该多克隆抗体可与PCV2b产生特异性的反应条带,说明其具有较好的反应活性;间接免疫荧光试验结果显示,该多克隆抗体能识别感染PK-15细胞中的PCV2b,说明该多克隆抗体具有鉴别诊断PCV2b的能力;病毒交叉试验结果显示,该多克隆抗体能与PCV2b反应,而不与猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪轮状病毒(PRoV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)等猪源病毒发生交叉反应,表明该多克隆抗体具有高度特异性。本试验制备的抗PCV2b Cap蛋白多克隆抗体为PCV2b病原特性研究及该病的临床检测奠定基础。     

猪圆环病毒2型CAP蛋白在flashBAC杆状病毒表达系统中的表达与鉴定

试验旨在通过真核表达系统表达猪圆环病毒2型（porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2） CAP蛋白。以PCV2 TZ0601株为模板,将PCV2 CAP全基因及CAP去除信号肽的基因编码序列克隆至pOET3载体上,酶切与测序鉴定正确后,将重组质粒pOET3-CAP及pOET3-CAP-X转染sf9昆虫细胞。采用flashBAC杆状病毒表达系统表达PCV2 CAP及去除信号肽的CAP蛋白,通过间接免疫荧光法、SDS-PAGE 和Western blotting鉴定目的蛋白的表达。结果表明,真核表达质粒pOET3-CAP及pOET3-CAP-X构建成功,目的基因在sf9昆虫细胞中高效表达,得到的蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定,在25~35 ku处有蛋白条带,表达的蛋白质可被PCV2阳性血清识别。试验结果为进一步制备PCV2亚单位疫苗及诊断抗原试剂盒的研发奠定了基础。     

猪圆环病毒2型山西株全基因组序列分析

为了解山西省猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）的遗传变异情况,本试验采用PCR方法对山西省分离的4株猪圆环病毒流行株（SXXZ1株、SXXZ2株、SXTY株和SXJZ株）的全基因组进行了扩增、克隆和测序,并将其全基因组序列与国内外34株主要流行毒株进行核苷酸同源性与系统进化树分析。结果显示,4株PCV2山西流行株全基因组核酸序列全长SXJZ株为1 768 bp,其余均为1 767 bp,分别占25%和75%。4株毒株核苷酸同源性为95.9%~100.0%,与国内外34株参考株同源性为94.5%~99.9%,与国产疫苗株同源性为95.6%~99.8%;PCV2全基因组序列进化分析表明,本研究分离的SXXZ1株、SXXZ2株和SXTY株属于PCV-2b基因型,SXJZ株属于PCV-2e基因型,其中SXXZ1株和SXXZ2株与广东QY株的进化关系最近,SXTY与奥地利AUT5株的进化关系最近,SXJZ与福建FJ株的进化关系最近;而SXXZ1株、SXXZ2株和SXTY株与山西PCV2疫苗DBN-SX07-2株的进化关系较近,SXJZ株与国内PCV2疫苗LG株的进化关系较近。从而证实在山西省流行的PCV2毒株以PCV-2b为主,同时还分离出了PCV-2e亚型,表明山西省存在PCV-2e亚型毒株。本试验结果为山西省PCV2的分子流行病学、遗传变异及防控奠定了基础。     

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) induces cell proliferation,fusion, and chemokine expression in swine monocytic cells in vitro

Granulomatous lymphadenitis is one of the pathognomonic lesions in post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)-affected pigs. This unique lesion has not been reported in direct association with viral infection in pigs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) alone is able to induce functional modulation in porcine monocytic cells in vitro to elucidate its possible role in the development of granulomatous inflammation. It was found that the proliferation activity of blood monocytes (Mo) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) was significantly enhanced by PCV2. During monocyte-macrophage differentiation, the PCV2 antigen-containing rate and formation of multinucleated giant cells (MGC) were significantly increased in MDM when compared to those in Mo. The MDM-derived MGC displayed a significantly higher PCV2 antigen-containing rate than did the mono-nucleated MDM. Supernatants from PCV2-inoculated MDM at 24 h post-inoculation induced an increased tendency of chemotactic activity for blood Mo. At the same inoculation time period, levels of mRNA expression of the monocytic chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1, also significantly increased in PCV2-inoculated MDM. The results suggest that PCV2 alone may induce cell proliferation, fusion, and chemokine expression in swine monocytic cells. Thus, PCV2 itself may play a significant role in the induction of granulomatous inflammation in PMWS-affected pigs.     

高致病性猪蓝耳病与经典猪蓝耳病二重RT—PCR检测方法的建立及应用

高致病性猪蓝耳病病毒（HP—PRRSV）（JX-EF112445）核苷酸序列与经典猪蓝耳病病毒（LP-PRRSV）（U87392）核苷酸序列,设计两对特异性引物,建立了HP—PRRSV和LP—PRRSV二重RT-PCR快速检测体系。应用此体系成功对1498份组织／血清进行了准确检测。同时,分别与商品化的HP-PRRSVRT-PCR检测试剂盒和LP—PRRSV检测试剂盒进行比对试验,结果吻合率达100％,该方法特异性好、敏感性高、克服了对两种病原进行分别检测所带来的耗时、耗试剂、增加污染几率等风险,为蓝耳病的快速诊断和流行病学调查奠定了基础。