斜板上流式厌氧污泥床处理低浓度有机废水的试验研究

本文报告了用１６．１升斜板上流式厌氧污泥床在常温下处理低浓度有机废水的启动和运行试验研究。试验使用稀释酒精废水为模拟处理基质，启动阶段仅用７７天时间，装置水力负荷达到２ｍ３／（ｍ３．ｄ），ＣＯＤ去除率达到７８．９％，此时进水ＣＯＤ浓度为７６７．８ｍｇ／Ｌ。在第二阶段试验中，仅用一天时间，装置就恢复了时隔半年的正常运行。以后在温度１２℃以上，ＨＲＴ为１２小时，进水ＣＯＤ浓度在６６０．０～９８２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围的１２９天稳定运行中，平均ＣＯＤ去除率为７６．１％。结果表明：采用该工艺处理低浓度有机废水在技术上是可行的，具有启动快，运行稳定，工艺控制简便的优点。水浸没的成组浅层斜板在ＵＡＳＢ／ＩＴＳ反应器中有良好的污泥截留能力和稳流效果，容易生成大颗粒污泥。颗粒污泥最大粒径可达５ｍｍ，ＳＶＩ为１８．２ｍｌ／ｇ。颗粒污泥中以甲烷丝菌为优势菌。     

浅论园林施工与养护管理的结合——以中宁县园林绿化工程为例

园林绿化是城市化建设的重要内容之一,施工与养护管理在园林绿化建设中具有极其重要的作用。文章提出了绿化施工与养护两者的有机结合是做好中宁县园林绿化工作的关键,并对此作了相关探讨。     

锌的消化吸收机制研究进展

介绍了不同锌源的消化吸收特点、锌的吸收机制、分布和调节等方面的研究进展，为进一步研究锌的吸收及其在动物生产中的合理利用提供参考依据。     

植物组织培养中有机添加物应用研究

植物组织培养中,在培养基内加入有机添加物,对培养物的分化、增殖有明显促进作用。文章综述了有机添加物的作用及其目前在植物组织培养中的应用情况。     

有机认证新标准的解析及对我国有机蔬菜产业的影响

最近发布实施的有机产品认证新标准对有机产品认证提出了更加严格的要求。通过对新标准的解析,系统阐述了新标准对有机蔬菜在生产资料选择、生产过程中的轮作、产品的检测、销售和质量追溯体系建立等方面的要求,分析了新标准对今后我国有机蔬菜产业发展的影响。     

菌丝生长速度与呼吸消耗及胞外酶活性的关系

以棉籽壳为主料,对平菇、刺芹侧耳、黄伞、灵芝、金针菇和香菇原种培养期间的菌丝生长速度、呼吸消耗及胞外酶活性的关系进行了研究。结果表明,6种食用菌的菌丝生长速度与呼吸消耗正相关,而有机物的降解速率与胞外酶活性的大小没有相关性。     

Root Exudates of Rice Cultivars Affect Rhizospheric Phosphorus Dynamics in Soils with Different Phosphorus Statuses

Exudation of organic acids by the roots of three rice cultivars grown in three soils of different phosphorus (P) statuses, and their impacts on the rhizospheric P dynamics and P uptake by the rice plants, were investigated. Quantum root exudates from all the rice cultivars were significantly greater at 21 days after transplantation than at panicle initiation or flowering stages. Malic acid was the most predominant organic acid present in the rice root exudates (10.3 to 89.5 μmol plant^?1 d^?1), followed by tartaric, citric, and acetic acids. Greater exudation of organic acids from rice grown in P-deficient soil by all the rice cultivars suggested response of rice plant to P stress. Results indicate that the release of organic acids in the root exudates of rice plants can extract P from strongly adsorbed soil P fraction, thereby increasing native soil P utilization efficiency and ensuring adequate P nutrition for the growing rice plants.     

Soil tillage for crop production and for protection of soil and environmental quality: a Scandinavian viewpoint

Based on experience from 35 years of tillage research in Sweden, future development of soil tillage is discussed and some research problems are identified. Tillage and seeding methods must be more carefully adapted to conditions at individual sites and occasions. Low-pressure typres, better weed control and improved seed coulters favour the increased use of reduced tillage. In order to diminish the impact of agriculture on the environment, it is necessary to develop methods for establishment of crops in the early spring or immediately after harvest, even in soils with large amounts of crop residues or high moisture content. The roles of tillage methods, and of soil compaction and structure on environmental impact of agriculture must be investigated. World food production must increase, since the world population is rapidly increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop improved crop production systems, including crop establishment systems, which favour efficient use of basic crop growth factors, while protecting or increasing soil productivity. Compaction, decreased organic matter content, and erosion are important long-term threats to soil productivity.     

6种牧草产量对有机肥SustainGro的响应

随着我国有机畜牧业的兴起,有机饲草的生产也迫在眉睫。本试验试图探讨有机肥对牧草产量的影响,结果表明有机肥SG不但能提高牧草产量,而且还能增加收益,随施肥量从450～900kg/hm2的增加牧草产量也不断增加,与对照相比施有机肥后苜蓿收益可增加216～710元/公顷。     

丹麦有机猪的生产和养猪业沙门氏菌的控制

本文介绍了丹麦有机猪的生产情况(有机猪的品种、畜舍环境和条件、畜舍卫生和饲养饲料状况)、沙门氏菌控制计划的情况(饲料、种猪群、断奶仔猪群、育肥猪群和屠宰场的监控)和效果。同时,简析了我国发展有机畜牧业的必要性,最后提出实行危害分析和关键控制点(HACCP)预防管理体系和有机养殖是我国养猪业的发展方向。