基于模糊理想点法的多区域多目标

水利工程项目建设次序对水资源方案实施的效果影响较大。因此研究中选用防洪、供水、农村水利水电发展、生态环境保护、工程投资作为水资源方案实施效果的评价目标。考虑到不同区域水利建设的重点不同，本文利用模糊决策分析理论确定出各评价目标在不同区域的权重，基于模糊理想点法建立评价模型，并以湖南省水利工程建设排序为实例进行分析，得出理想的工程排序结果。     

涉农纠纷化解机制主体职能研究简

从涉农纠纷的现状和涉农纠纷化解机制的现状出发,分析涉农纠纷化解机制存在的问题及完善多元主体互动化解涉农纠纷的必要性,优化不同主体在化解涉农纠纷过程中的职能.     

Multivariate analysis and genetic diversity for morphometric and root textural quality traits in ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal)

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is an important medicinal plant and its dried roots are used in traditional systems of medicine. The market price of roots is determined by physical (textural) quality. Brittle roots with high starch and low fiber are considered to be superior because of ease in grinding. Genetic diversity studies based on root textural parameters have not been done so far. So the present study was designed to assess genetic diversity for morphometric traits and root textural quality parameters among two morphologically distinct groups: Poshita and Nagore. The PCA separated the morphometric and root texture variables distinctly into two different principal components: PC-1 and PC-2 respectively, indicating that both are negatively associated. All the morphotypes in Poshita group showed high positive loadings in PC-1 indicating that component genotypes are high root yielding. Nagore morphotypes were low yielding but the root texture was good. Clustering of morphotypes grouped Poshita and Nagore separately with high inter-cluster distances indicating that both groups are highly divergent from each other, suggesting that there is sufficient scope for varietal improvement through hybridization.     

Genetic Variance and Covariance Patterns of Growth and Survival in Northern Pinus sylvestris

The amount of additive genetic and environmental variance for tree height and field survival, and the genetic relationship between the traits were estimated using data from half-sib progenies of Swedish and Finnish Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plus-trees, assessed in 18 single-tree plot progeny trials. The progeny trials were established in northern Sweden and comprised 9-13-yr-old, Finnish polycross progenies or Swedish open-pollinated progenies. In total across the trials, 71?630 individual trees from 888 families were included in the study. At the overall level, the additive genetic coefficient of variation ranged between 3.1 and 16.3% for height and between 0 and 27.9% for survival, with averages of 9.5% and 14.2%, respectively. Narrow-sense heritabilities were moderate to low, with averages across trials of 0.11 for height and 0.06 for survival. At the within-population level, estimates of genetic correlation between height and survival were mostly large and positive, with an arithmetic mean and standard error across trials of 0.47±0.39.     

Opelug-ontspanning op Boseiendomme

Insect-induced damage to leaves, and the growth phenology, of Olea europaea subsp. africana and Kiggelaria africana near Stellenbosch (33° 56'S, 18° 52'E) were monitored at weekly intervals between July 1980 and June 1981. The average incidence of damaged leaves was greater in K. africana than in O.e. africana (14 vs 10 %, respectively). In both species, leaf-damage appeared to be slightly more than twice as great in January-June than in July-December, and insect attacks on leaves apparently began to intensify after the plants had completed their main growth and production of new leaves in the austral spring. These findings are discussed in relation to the meagre published information on herbivory in the fynbos biome.     

论个群目标一致性机理及和谐管理路径

个体目标与群体目标的矛盾是管理过程中的一项基本矛盾。个体与群体之间的相互依存和相互作用表明了在尊重个体需要的同时，可以实现个群目标的一致性，而这只有通过提倡以人为本的管理思想，实行和谐管理才能实现。     

云阳县发展现代农业的实践与探索

地处长江三峡库区腹心地带的云阳，是一个农业大县。如何把云阳打造成农业强县．实现云阳农业跨越式发展和可持续发展，是云阳县农村工作办公室重点思考的问题。在分析云阳自然条件特点、农业生产有利条件和制约因素的基础上．围绕着云阳农业发展的战略目标，提出了发展现代农业的指导思想、发展目标及具体保障措施。     

Variability in the composition of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) meals influences their digestible nutrient and energy value when fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Over a series of seven separate experiments 76 different lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) meals were assessed for their digestible dry matter, protein, amino acid and energy characteristics when fed to rainbow trout. Two reference diets (a common basal diet and a reference lupin meal) were also included in each experiment. Minimal variance in the digestibility parameters of both reference diets was observed among the experiments ensuring that there was a high degree of robustness in the across-experiment evaluations. Using simple and multiple-regression techniques, principal diet and ingredient composition factors affecting diet and ingredient digestibilities and ingredient digestible values were explored within the dataset. Using simple linear regression, it was shown that nitrogen digestibility of the lupin meals was negatively influenced by ingredient lignin content, but positively affected ingredient protein (N × 6.25) content. The energy digestibility of the lupin meals was positively affected by a range of compositional features including protein, sum of amino acids and negatively affected by carbohydrate content. The digestible nutrient and energy content of the meals reflected the combined effects of both ingredient digestibilities and ingredient composition. The digestible nitrogen content of the lupin meals was positively affected by protein (N × 6.25), sum of amino acids and energy content, but was negatively affected by lignin and carbohydrate content. The digestible sum of amino acids was also positively affected by protein, sum of amino acids, but only negatively affected by carbohydrate content, not lignin content. The digestible energy content of the lupin meals was also positively affected by protein, sum of amino acids and their own energy density, but only negatively affected by carbohydrate content. Multiple linear regression modelling supported that together ingredient protein and lignin content were the strongest predictors of digestible protein value, explaining close to 60% of the variability in this parameter. Discrete reassessment of these relationships using non-linear analysis methods provided a stronger interpretation of the ingredient composition effects. In recognition of this, a functional model including terms for ingredient protein and lignin content on the digestible protein value was defined. This study demonstrates that within one raw material type that not only does significant variability in the digestible value of the raw materials exist, but that it is possible to identify compositional features of that raw material that are intrinsically influencing their own digestible value.     

速生丰产林培育目标和主伐年龄研究

林木培育目标应根据林分立地条件类型、林分生长类型等级、森林经营集约度和社会材种需求综合确定。通过林木定向培育提早主伐年龄以获得较高目的材种产量。对大径材培育主伐年龄应先与工艺成熟龄比较后确定。良种化林木培育是森林经营水平的重要标志，与Ⅰ类林分相比仍提早主伐年龄，增加材种产量１倍左右。应具体分析目前速生丰产林生长状况，林龄面积分布等，调整林木培育目标和主伐年龄，以保证森林资源的永续利用。     

Predicting moisture content and density distribution of Scots pine by microwave scanning of sawn timber

This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of calibrating a prediction model for the moisture content and density distribution of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) using microwave sensors. The material was initially of green moisture content and was thereafter dried in several steps to zero moisture content. At each step, all the pieces were weighed, scanned with a microwave sensor (Satimo 9,4GHz), and computed tomography (CT)-scanned with a medical CT scanner (Siemens Somatom AR.T.). The output variables from the microwave sensor were used as predictors, and CT images that correlated with known moisture content were used as response variables. Multivariate models to predict average moisture content and density were calibrated using the partial least squares (PLS) regression. The models for average moisture content and density were applied at the pixel level, and the distribution was visualized. The results show that it is possible to predict both moisture content distribution and density distribution with high accuracy using microwave sensors.