甘肃羌活资源特征及开发利用

在多点、多次实地考察和查阅大量文献资料的基础上,对羌活Notopterygium incisum生物学特性、品种分类以及在甘肃的资源分布状况作了较系统的介绍,并对其开发利用进行了探讨.     

Host immune responses after administration of inactivated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus vaccines—III. Kinetics for neutralizing antibody immunoglobulin class responses in donors and adoptively-immunized recipients

C57B16 mice were immunized with either live, attenuated TC-83 strain VEE virus vaccine or formalin-inactivated VEE vaccine combined with Bordetella pertussis. The kinetics of specific donor and adoptively-immunized recipient anti-VEE neutralizing antibody responses were studied. Donor mice immunized with either live or inactivated VEE virus vaccine combined with potent adjuvants develop specific anti-VEE IgM and IgG responses as early as 7 days post-immunization. Anti-VEE IgM antibody responses comprise the majority of anti-VEE neutralizing antibody at this early time period. By 14 to 21 days post-immunization, anti-VEE IgG responses predominated. When adoptively-immunized recipients were studied, the anti-VEE IgM to IgG predominance seen in donors early after administration was reversed, and for each time-period studied, recipients' serum anti-VEE antibody class responses consisted principally of IgG rather than IgM antibody. Since T-cells cooperation with B-cells is critical in the IgM-IgG antibody shift, these studies support the critical role T-cells exert in adoptive transfer in a murine model of experimental VEE infection. Furthermore, immunization with either live or inactivated VEE vaccine coupled to a potent adjuvant induce comparable donor and adoptively-immunized recipient anti-VEE antibody class responses.     

鲤鳃的组织学观察

应用光镜和电镜技术对鲤鳃进行了形态结构观察.结果表明,鲤鳃内有呼吸上皮、支持细胞、粘液细胞、泌氯细胞和蛋白腺细胞.本文除对上述细胞详细描述外,还对其结构特点与功能的关系进行了探讨.     

An occurrence of Newcastle disease in pigeons: Virological and serological studies on the isolatesFoyers de maladie de Newcastle chez le pigeon: Etudes virologiques et serologiques sur des souches isolees

The antigenic and pathogenetic relationship between pigeon Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates during outbreaks of 1982 in Italy and reference pathogen and non-pathogen NDV-strains were investigated.The pigeon-isolates were slow-eluters and showed a thermostability at 56°C of over 30 min. They proved to be lentogenic as measured by the mean-death-time in chicken-embryos, and between lentogenic and mesogenic as measured by the Hanson test. They failed to produce plaques in chicken-embryo-fibroblasts and showed high pathogenicity for experimentally infected pigeons, low-pathogenicity for quails and were not pathogenic for chickens. They were antigenically different from the LaSota strain as measured by the cross-HI-test and induced considerable seroconversion in inoculated animals. The existence of a lentogenic neurotropic pigeon-pathogenic strain was considered.     

Age variations in the prevalence of sarcocystosis in sheep and goats from northern and central Jordan

Awassi sheep and mountain goats slaughtered in northern and central Jordan were examined for Sarcocystis cysts by post-mortem examination, trichinoscopy of muscle samples taken from esophagi and diaphragms and serologically by indirect hemagglutination (IHA) during the period June 1986–May 1988. Macrosarcocysts were found in 11.3% (70/620) of sheep and 11.7% (46/393) of goats aged over 1 year old. Microsarcocysts were found in 50.1% (1185/2693) of the sheep diaphragm samples and 56.4% (711/1261) of the same organs of goats. The prevalences were lower in the esophageal muscles (26.4%, 348 of 1319 and 25.1%, 97 of 386) than the diaphragmal muscles (29.0%, 383 of 1319 and 34.2%, 132 of 386) in the younger age groups (less than 7 months) of sheep and goats, respectively. The prevalences in both the esophagus and the diaphragm increased with age. The seroprevalences of anti-Sarcocystis antibodies in sheep and goats were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the prevalence of Sarcocystis cysts detected by trichinoscopy. The seroprevalence of sarcocystosis increased with age in sheep and goats.     

大泷六线鱼鳍、吻端和肾脏组织原代培养的研究

应用组织块培养法,研究了大泷六线鱼Hexagrammos otakii鳍、吻端和肾脏细胞在含有体积分数为20％胎牛血清(FBS)的L-15、DMEM和DMEM/F12 3种培养基中的生长情况,以及人碱性成纤维细胞(bFGF)、硫酸软骨素、Ⅰ型胰岛素样(IGF-Ⅰ)3种生长因子对细胞贴壁率和迁出率的影响.结果表明:大泷六线鱼鳍、吻端和肾脏细胞适宜的体外培养体系为DMEM/F12培养基+20％ FBS,pH为7.2,温度为25℃;在最适培养基中分别添加5.0 ng/mL bFGF、20 μg/mL硫酸软骨素、40 ng/mL IGF-Ⅰ时,3种组织的贴壁率和细胞迁出率均最高;鳍、吻端和肾脏组织分别经培养21、15、18 d后长满单层,主要为成纤维样细胞;采用低渗滴片法制备染色体,3种组织原代细胞的染色体数目为48条.本研究为大泷六线鱼鳍、吻端和肾脏组织细胞系的构建和生物学特性的研究奠定了基础.     

补肾益寿胶囊药渣栽培鲍鱼菇及营养成分分析

用补肾益寿胶囊药渣、木屑为主要原料栽培鲍鱼菇,筛选最适栽培配方并测定鲍鱼菇的营养成分。结果表明,栽培鲍鱼菇的最佳配方是补肾益寿胶囊药渣40%、木屑40%、麦麸18%、石膏1%和蔗糖1%。此时,鲍鱼菇菌丝体的日均长速为0.34 cm/d,生物学效率为55.8%。鲍鱼菇碳水化合物、粗蛋白、粗纤维、灰分和粗脂肪的含量分别为48.80%、19.76%、8.12%、9.21%和13.25%。     

冬季LED补充光照对红豆杉生长发育的影响

[目的]研究冬季LED补充光照对红豆杉生长发育的影响。[方法]以南方红豆杉为材料,利用LED补充光照设置不同补光强度(1 000、3 000、5 000和7 000 lx),研究冬季LED补充光照对红豆杉生长发育的影响。[结果]3 000～5 000 lx范围内的LED补光条件能较好地促进了红豆杉的生长,1 000 lx以下补光影响不大,超过5 000 lx,影响也变小;在LED植物生长灯下只需约126 lx的光强就可达到红豆杉植株在自然光(光强约为1 257 lx)下的净光合速率。[结论]LED植物生长灯作为一种新型光源,可以使植物在较低的蒸腾速率下取得较高的净光合速率。     

宁夏西吉河北杨地膜覆盖育苗技术

针对河北杨在宁夏育苗成活率低的情况,总结了河北杨在西吉地区整地、做床、覆膜、插穗采集、催根处理、扦插、抚育管理和病虫害防治等育苗关键技术,为在该地区培育河北杨苗木提供技术支持。     

怀地黄脱毒试管苗生根移栽技术的研究

怀地黄为传统大宗中药材,为探究其脱毒试管苗生根移栽的最佳条件,提高移栽成活率,以怀地黄脱毒试管苗85-5为材料,探索了不同因子对地黄试管苗管内和管外生根的影响以及适宜于试管苗移栽的基质配比。结果表明:管内生根最适的PP333质量浓度为0.10mg/L,此时试管苗的根数达到28条,株高为4.0cm;接种密度为6个/瓶时,株高、叶片数、根数、根长都达到了较为理想的状态,根数达38条,株高为3.3cm;接种部位为顶芽时根数较多,达到38条,株高达到3.5cm,与侧芽相比有显著性差异;管外生根NAA生根效果明显优于IBA,2种激素最适浓度和处理时间分别为:NAA 50mg/L处理60min,苗存活率100%,生根率90%;IBA 50mg/L处理15min,苗的存活率95%,生根率85%;移栽基质的最适质量比例为草炭土∶蛭石=1∶2。