The cultural model of “the good farmer” and the environmental question in Finland

Farmers' relationship with nature isdetermined by the significance of agriculturefor human beings. When agriculture is definedas human activity that uses renewable naturalresources and aims to produce usable food andfiber products, agriculture is explicitlydefined as production. Farmers' relationshipwith nature is based on the principle ofproduction. This article discusses thecontradiction between the peasant values ofprotection of nature that many farmers inFinland still have and the environmental harmtheir production-oriented farming style causes.When farmers interpret their farming practicesas harmonious co-operation with nature, it isdifficult for them to see the polluting effectsof their work. Paul B. Thompson's suggestionthat three religious–philosophical doctrines(hard work, the doctrine of grace, and the mythof garden) have made it easy for farmers toadopt productionist farming strategy is used asa framework to interpret farmers' narrativesconcerning their relationship with nature. Theresearch is qualitative and biographical. Thedata include life stories and biographicaltexts farmers wrote for a competition in1997.     

小麦蛋白质含量的遗传型×环境互作分析

本文用聚类分析方法分析了小麦籽粒蛋白质含量的遗传型×环境互作与地理气象因素的关系。结果表明,品种×地点的互作效应与地理气象因素相关密切,在相似的地理气象条件下,品种×地点的互作形式相近。本文通过对区试点的分析比较,初步认为武清点为北方晚熟冬麦区品种和高代育种材料品质、产量一般适应性鉴定的最佳地点。同时本文对蛋白含量的区划方法予以尝试。     

白洋淀水资源问题及保护对策

探讨了白洋淀水资源开发利用面临的主要问题,对白洋淀水量减少和水质恶化进行了“源”分析。     

陕北窑洞笼养鸡环境调控效果分析

通过窑洞鸡舍环境调控,冬季在外界温度低于-10℃时,未调控组环境温度达到5.32℃以上,最高12.14℃,调控组环境温度可达到9.78℃以上,最高达到15.17 ℃.夏季调控组比对照组舍内温度低1～2℃.窑洞鸡舍对环境温度调控能力有限,夏季和冬季均随环境温度的升降而升降.冬季比夏季窑洞对环境温度的调控效果好.窑洞鸡舍湿度冬季调控组比对照组低,夏季调控组与对照组接近.冬季窑洞鸡舍有害气体CO2和NH3的含量比夏季高.NH3的含量在冬季和夏季均高于1.5 mg/m3的标准要求.但通过环境调控,舍内CO2的含量调控组明显比对照组低,低于1500mg/m3含量的标准要求.NH3的含量调控组明显低于对照组.窑洞鸡舍对NH3的含量调节通过自然通风换气的手段能力有限,需要采取其它措施.产蛋率冬季调控组比对照组提高19.37%,夏季调控组比对照组提高6.54%.冬季比夏季提高产蛋幅度明显.     

公路建设对环境影响的评价

介绍了公路建设对环境影响的现状,分析了嫩呼公路的设计、施工、运营阶段的环境特点,找出了嫩呼公路各污染源产生的原因,提出了保护、治理措施。运用了指标赋权法对保山市市区公路的各种环境指标进行数据分析,得出了二氧化硫、氮氧化物等尾气组成元素对公路环境影响最大的结果,为公路环境治理提供有力依据。并应用SPSS软件对公路污染因素进行主成分分析,得出了二氧化硫、氮氧化物和尘降的增加会相应导致TSP减少,氮氧化物和TSP的增加会导致尘降减少的结论。     

环境因子对野生薇菜生长的影响

开展皖西山区野生薇菜分布和生长调研,结果表明,薇菜主要分布在坡度16～45°,其适宜生长环境因子是郁闭度0.3～0.6,海拔高度700～1 500 m,土壤pH值5.7～6.3等。     

全球气候变化下陕北黄土地貌的环境演变

[目的]研究全球气候变化下陕北黄土地貌的环境演变。[方法]选取陕北榆林区1952-2009年的年、月气温和降水量等气象资料,运用线性回归、M-K检验法对全球气候变化下陕北黄土地貌的环境演变进行研究。[结果]1952-2009年榆林区气温呈上升趋势,平均以0.287℃/10a的速度上升,1994年为气温的突变年份;降水量呈下降趋势,平均以8.262 mm/10a的速率减少,且降水量在20世纪60年代波动性很大,70、80和90年代波动较平稳,21世纪以来有明显变干趋势。陕北气候正在变暖干,极端旱涝事件尤其是干旱发生的频率越来越高,对脆弱生态环境的危害更加严重,气候的＂暖干化＂使陕北的环境条件更加恶劣,温度升高,干旱程度加重;降水量的减少使风沙活动更加剧烈,沙尘暴的频率增加,土地进一步沙化,黄土沟壑区水土流失严重,可能使陕北土地退化。[结论]该研究为该区的生态环境建设提供理论依据。     

茶梢蛾的生物学特性及其防治

介绍了油茶茶梢蛾的为害状况、生活史以及生活习性,分析了影响其发生为害的环境因子,并提出了相应的防治措施.     

城市景观环境的研究——兼论呼和浩特市景观环境的现状及对策

通过城市景观的分析，提出了呼和浩特市景观环境存在的问题和解决的办法。     

Analysis on Dynamic Heterosis for Allelopathy in Rice Under Different Environment Conditions

In this study, 5 parental rice varieties with different allelopathic potentials were employed indiallel cross [P(P+ 1)/2] to get a set of genetic materials including parental lines and two generations of F1 s.The dynamic heterosis for allelopathy in rice under different environmental conditions, was analyzed by usingadditive-dominant developmental genetic model. The results indicated that heterosis in both F1 and F2 showedinhibitory effects on shoot and root length of receiver plant (Lactuca sativa L. ). Heterosis over mid-parentbased on population mean(HMP) in F2 was lower than that in differental environmental conditions, showing1/2 HMP in F1. The heterosis in rice allelopathy was much higher under the field environmental conditionswith lower temperature and weaker sunlight than that under favorable environment, implying that the allel-opthic potential could be increased by stress environment. This finding interpreted the genetic reason thatplant could produce more allelochemicals under unfavorable environment.