Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎弱毒疫苗的研制

本试验从山东地区分离的多株Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎毒株中筛选出免疫原性优良毒株CL,将其在SPF鸡胚中盲传致弱后制备鸭肝炎弱毒疫苗。安全检验、保存期和免疫效力试验结果表明。研制的鸭肝炎弱毒疫苗安全可靠,无毒副作用;-20℃条件下可保存6个月以上;接种后抗体产生快,3d便可产生较强的免疫力,7d时抗体中和效价为2^63,一次免疫抗体可维持6周以上。     

Oxidative stress induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells

AIM: Direct exposure of cells to reactive oxygen species can induce apoptosis. In this study we investigate how oxidative stress induces cell death in HepG2 cells and characterize the molecular events involved.METHODS: Oxidative stress was created by exposing HepG2 cells to 2 mmol/L H2O2. Apoptosis was determined by analysis of DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electorphoresis. The mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed using DePsipher fluorescent staining and the expression of cytochrome c in the cytosolic fraction was measured by Western blotting analysis. The caspase activity was detected using fluorometric assay kit by a fluorescence microplate reader.RESULTS: When HepG2 cells were treated with 2 mmol/L H2O2, the cells displayed DNA fragmentation, a typical feature of apoptosis, after 12 h. The mitochondrial membrane potential appeared different in two group of cells. H2O2-treated cells appeared green fluorescence as early as 4 h, which represents de-energized mitochondria, the untreated cells appeared red fluorescence, a feature of mitochondria with intact membrane potential. In treated cells, the expression of cytochrome c increased and accumulated in cytosolic fraction with treatment time, caspase-3 activity increased by 6.7-fold (P<0.01) at 8 h and caspase-9 activity increased by 3.6-fold (P<0.01) at 12 h, respectively, however, the activity of caspase-8 remained unchanged.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that oxidative stress can induce apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells, and the mechanism is related to mitochondrial pathway, which activates caspase-9 and-3, but not caspase-8.     

Allelic variation in high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit Loci of Glu-1 in Japanese common wheats

Seed storage proteins of 131 Japanese Norin wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties were fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to determine allelic make-up in varieties at each of three loci that control high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits. Three alleles were identified at the Glu-A1 locus, six at the Glu-B1 locus and five at the Glu-D1 locus. Twenty-four different, major glutenin HMW subunits were identified and each contained three to five subunits and seventeen different glutenin subunit patterns were observed for 19 subunits in the 131 Japanese Norin varieties. Fourteen alleles were identified by comparison of subunit mobility with that previously found in hexaploid wheat. Japanese Norin varieties showed a specific pattern of allelic variation in glutenin HMW subunits, different from that of Chinese and other country common wheats in allelic frequency at Glu-1 loci. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小麦编码高分子量谷蛋白亚基基因的转化

以小麦的幼穗和幼胚作为转化受体,首次用抗除草剂草甘麟的EPSPs基因作为选择标记,通过基因枪法共转化,将小麦编码高分子量谷蛋白亚基的基因1Dx5和1Dy10转移到普通小麦京花1号中,获得33株再生植株,经PCR初步检测有12株同时扩增到了3个处在不同质粒上的外源基因EPSPs, 1Dx5和1Dy10的目标片段。将部分PCR检测为阳性的转化体     

茶树叶片中部分Ⅰ蛋白水平的品种间差异、遗传性及其与光合作用的关系

对不同茶树品种叶片中部分Ⅰ蛋白（ＲｕＢＰＣａｓｅ）水平及相关因子和遗传性研究结果表明,１８个茶树品种鲜叶的ＲｕＢＰＣａｓｅ蛋白平均水平为３．３０ｍｇ／ｇ,其中乔木型品种较高,灌木型品种较低,小乔木型品种介于两者之间但有不同倾向性。ＲｕＢＰＣａｓｅ蛋白水平与叶绿素总量及叶绿素ａ、ｂ的含量均呈极显著正相关,与净光合速率（ＮＰＲ呈极显著正偏相关,而与乙醇酸氧化酶（ＧＯ）活性及ＧＯ活性与ＮＰＲ之间的偏相关不显著。Ｆ１个体中的ＲｕＢＰＣａｓｅ蛋白水平具有明显的偏父性遗传,但个体间的差异与亲本的种性差异有关。     

普通小麦胚乳谷蛋白亚基的遗传研究 高分子量谷蛋白亚基变异的多样性及其在F#-1的遗传行为

本文研究了70个普通小麦品种和4个烘烤品质优良的亲本与4个农艺亲本间配置的20个正反交F#-1,以及1个杂交小麦F#-1的胚乳高分子量谷蛋白亚基。发现它们在品种间的变异较大,在品种内是稳定和一致的。它们在杂种F#-1呈现共显性遗传和倾母现象。讨论了杂种F#-1胚乳高分子量谷蛋白亚基共显性遗传在杂种判断和品种纯度鉴定中的应用。     

南海金线鱼属Nemipterus鱼类COⅠ和Cyt b基因片段的比较分析

基于线粒体细胞色素b(Cyt b)和细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ基因(COⅠ)片段,运用PCR直接测序法,对采自南海的金线鱼(Nemipterus virgatus)、日本金线鱼(N.japonicus)、深水金线鱼(N.bathybius)、红棘金线鱼(N.nemurus)和苏门答腊金线鱼(N.mesoprion)及GenBank中的六齿金线鱼(N.hexodon)、裴氏金线鱼(N.peronii)及红金线鱼(N.furcosus)的序列进行了分析,并比较分析了它们间的序列差异。Cyt b基因序列片段(425 bp)和COⅠ基因序列片段(507 bp)的分析均显示日本金线鱼和红棘金线鱼之间序列差异和遗传距离均最小,COⅠ基因片段中为分别0.25%和0.003,Cyt b基因片段中为0和0,两者亲缘关系非常近;几种金线鱼之间尚未达到属的水平,裴氏金线鱼仍属于金线鱼属;两目的片段的NJ系统树均显示,日本金线鱼和红棘金线鱼混杂在一起聚为一支,而日本金线鱼和苏门答腊金线鱼属于不同的发育分支;红棘金线鱼和日本金线鱼是最新分化种,金线鱼则是最早分化种;几种金线鱼类的分化时间大约在中更新世时期。比较属间的系统发育关系,旨在为金线鱼属鱼类分类提供依据,进而对鱼类资源的评估与保护措施提供基础参考。     

First record of the little fire ant,Wasmannia auropunctata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in Chinese mainland

In January 2022, we received ant specimens collected from three field colonies from Shantou City, Guangdong Province, China. They were identified as the little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, through morphological and molecular analyses. Wasmannia auropunctata is listed as one of the 100 most dangerous invasive species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and has spread from its native range in South America to every continent except Antarctica. DNA analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) in nine specimens of W. auropunctata found that they had a close genetic relationship with specimens from Argentina. This study represents the first formal record of the establishment of W. auropunctata outdoor in Chinese mainland. However, the invasion stage and occurrence degree of W. auropunctata in China are not clear to date. The implementation of quarantine measures, investigation of the occurrence and distribution, and development of monitoring and control strategies are needed to actively respond to the threat posed by this highly invasive ant.     

环磷酰胺预处理制备兔抗Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒高免血清

以正常鸡胚尿囊液和环磷酰胺预处理试验兔, 再以Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒（Ｄｕｃｋ Ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｖｉｒｕｓ Ｔｙｐｅ Ⅰ, ＤＨＶ Ⅰ） 标准强毒（ＡＴＣＣ, Ｃ９／Ｄ２） 接种后致死鸡胚的尿囊液, 经灭活、乳化制成油佐剂抗原多次免疫试验兔, 获得了鸡胚中和效价（ＥＰＤ５０） 达１∶３２ 以上的兔抗Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒高免血清（ＤＨＶ ⅠＳ） 。     

大肠杆菌肠毒素ST1—LTB融合蛋白工程菌株的免疫原性研究

已构建的能表达大肠杆菌肠毒素ＳＴ１ＬＴＢ融合蛋白的工程菌株ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）（ｐＸＥＴＳＬＴ１）及其表达产物经动物试验证实没有毒性反应。用从ＩＰＴＧ诱导的工程菌中提取的包涵体或经甲醛灭活的工程菌制成抗原,免疫小鼠,结果免疫小鼠至少能抵抗１５ＭＬＤ的大肠杆菌强毒株Ｃ８３９０２（Ｋ８８ａｃ,ＳＴ＋,ＬＴ＋）的攻击。用提取的包涵体免疫家兔后,采集的血清能够中和天然ＳＴ１的毒性。这表明构建的工程菌株ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３）（ｐＸＥＴＳＬＴ１）可以作为预防幼畜大肠杆菌性腹泻基因工程菌苗的候选株。